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AIS – the mariners perspective
Jillian Carson-Jackson, FNI, FRIN
Vice President, the Nautical Institute
Getting the Mariner’s Perspective Comments on AIS Conclusions/Challenges
Getting the mariners perspective
• NI Seagoing Correspondence Group
• NI Knowledge Library
• Linked-in discussion groups
• Feedback – national / regional
What are they saying – AIS general
• Overall, a positive contribution
• Data on MKD not effective – need to have on Radar, ECDIS
• Assists navigation – data is fallible, like any other data
mariners use
• Training inadequate – mostly ‘self-taught’
• Symbols confusing
• Errors in data – use information with a pinch of disbelief
• Overloading of AIS – reducing range of detection Great tool -
VTS, security, maritime infrastructure protection).
What are they saying – AIS AtoN?
• Excellent for highlighting missing AtoN, and for temporary purposes
such as demarcating temporary restricted areas.
• In many areas, AIS nav aids are adding little value - clutter displays.
• If properly setup and error free, can be very valuable tool
• Useful complement to existing piloting techniques
• Confusion over symbols; types and terms – physical / virtual /
synthetic.
• Who implements and verifies AIS AtoN / Virtual AtoN; who decides
to discontinue traditional AtoN?
• Great tool - ENC & ATON - dynamic data for buoy current,
lighthouses etc
Why establish an AtoN?
Each Contracting Government undertakes to
provide… such aids to navigation as the
volume of traffic justifies and the degree of
risk requires.
-- SOLAS Chapter V,
Regulation 13
USCG Survey (2014)
Smart Bridge
• Initiative from the USA to improve mariner’s situation awareness
with near real time information through AIS-AtoN messaging
• Focus on Lighting and other signals; AIS and sensor capabilities;
regulations and standards.
Eggners Ferry Bridge, Mississippi
Images courtesy of USCG
Smart Bridge concept
Image courtesy of USCG
Conclusions
• Generally good / positive response - especially from pilots who have
had influence over the placement and type of AIS AtoN
• Provides positive identification of physical AtoN when weather is not
good (heavy rain, fog, snow)
• AIS training in general is lacking – mariners are still ‘self-taught’
• AIS symbology and terminology confusing and not well understood
– specific comment re virtual / synthetic.
• There is a need to ensure AIS data is displayed on bridge
equipment – radar, ECDIS (MKD is not effective)
• Introduction of AIS AtoN most effective when ‘user led’ and concerns
over reduction of traditional AtoN need to be addressed
Challenges
• IMO Performance standards – not all equipment needs to display
AIS
• Terminology confusion – specifically ‘virtual’ and ‘synthetic’ – IMO
MSC.1/Circ.1473 (May 2014)
• Need for clear symbology – IMO SN/Circ.243 rev.1 (2014) IMO
SN/Circ.322; IEC 62288 and IHO Operational gap – documentation
being developed / technical capabilities / real-world implementation
• Overload of VHF Data Link – reduction of AIS range detection /
Cluttering of screen
• Education of users
• Promulgation / consistency in implementation
not be a burden to users but help safety of navigation
There is a time in the life of every problem when it
is big enough to see, yet small enough to solve…
Jillian Carson-Jackson, FNI, FRIN
Vice President, the Nautical Institute
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