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8/13/2019 AGV Robo Presentation
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Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV)A Computer-Controlled, Non-manned, Electric
Powered Vehicle Capable of Handling Material
An automated guided vehicle or automatic guidedvehicle (AGV) is a mobile robot that follows markersor wires in the floor, or uses vision or lasers.
They are most often used in industrial applications to
move materials around a manufacturing facility or awarehouse
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Robot
A robotis a mechanical or virtual agent, usually anelectro-mechanicalmachine that is guided by acomputer program or electronic circuitry.
Robots can be autonomous or semi-autonomous andrange from humanoids to industrial robots,collectively programmed 'swarm' robots, and even
microscopic nano robots. By mimicking a lifelikeappearance or automating movements, a robot mayconvey a sense of intelligence or thought of its own.
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Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV)AGV is a material handling system that usesindependently operated, self-propelled vehiclesguided along defined pathways.
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AGV COMPONENTS
MECHANICAL
Chassis & Steering
ELECTRICAL Motor Power
ELECTRONICS
Control Unit
COMPUTER PROGRAM Path Planning
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BLOCK DIAGRAM
BRIDGERADIO
TRANSMITTER
RECEIVERMICRO
CONTROLLERMOTORDRIVER
MOTOR
CENTRALCOMPUTERPROGRAM
INSTRUCTION
SIGNAL
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AGVsystem
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Types of AGVS
Driverless trains: It consists of a towing vehicle thatpulls one or more trailers to form a train.
AGVspallet trucks: Pallet trucks are used to movepalletized loads along predetermined routes.
Unit load carriers: These are used to move unitloads from one station to another.
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AGV Pallet Truck
Driverless train
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Types of navigation in AGVS
Wire Embedded in floor
Optical Tracks contrasting color
Inertial Gyro with magnets in floor
Laser Triangulation from reflective targets
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Atmega 16 microcontroller is used.
Medium cost
High speed grades 0 - 16 MHz
High-performance
operating voltage 4.5V to 5.5V
UART(Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)
Crystal oscillation speed:16 Mhz
MICROCONTROLLER
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MOTOR DRIVER
Controls motor using Logical signal from the
microcontroller
Controls motor speed using Pulse width modulation
Electronically commands the motor to go forward,
reverse, brake, and coast.
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MOTOR
Actuator that converts electrical signal to rotationalmotion
Contrary to usual belief it is an open loop control, Anew technology of Back Emf interference is used toapproximate a closed loop
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Movement mechanism
The robot consider to be in origin
It can move through the lines with the box enclosed bythe lines assumed to be machines.
By using geometry path can be calculated by the centralcomputer which is sent wirelessly to the AGV.
The microcontroller receives the path from the
computer after the following considerations The path is not currently in use by other AGV
The path does not cross the lines being used by otherAGV.
The path is under maintenance
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Safety Most industrial-use AGVs travel at a speed between 100
and 300 feet per minute.
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Common AGV Applications Raw Material Handling
Work-in-Process Movement
Pallet Handling
Finished Product Handling
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Advantages
Reduces the labor cost.
Flexible.
Intelligent. Time consuming.
Can significantly reduce production & warehousecosts.
Transforming the materials handling industry.
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