Agricultural Applicaons of ET - NASA...Agricultural Applicaons of ET Andrew French 1, Charles A....

AgriculturalApplica,onsofET

AndrewFrench1,CharlesA.Sanchez2,DouglasHunsaker1,PaulBrown2,DawitZerihun2,ClintonWilliams1,EduardoBau,sta1

1.U.S.AridLandAgriculturalResearchCenter,USDA/ARS,Maricopa

2.UniversityofArizona,Tucson

Situa,on

•  TheColoradoRiverValleysofSouthernArizonaandCaliforniaAndtheImperialandCoachellaValleysofCaliforniarepresentmoreThan700,000acres(280,000ha)ofirrigatedcropland•  Thisregionproducesmorethan95%ofthena,on’svegetablesDuringthefall-winter-springseasoneachyear.•  ManyofthewaterrightsonthelowerColoradohavehighseniority•  ColoradoRiverresourcesover-subscribed•  USBRisresponsiblefordeliveringwater,managingsalinity,andmee,ngUS/Mexicotreatyobliga,ons•  RemotesensingofEThasaroleinassessingcurrentwateruse&

helpingtomanagewaterinthefuture.

CoachellaValley

ImperialValleyLowerColoradoRiverValley

Irriga,onDistrictsfortheYumaArizonaRegion

DecliningIrriga,onWaterDeliveriestoYumaCountyFarms

ImprovedWaterManagement

•  Laserleveling•  Concretelinedditches•  Highturnoutgates•  Sprinklerirriga,on•  Lengthofirriga,onruns,furrowgeometry,andmanipula,onofcutoffdistanceand,me

•  Croppingsystemshi_s

YumaCountyCropProduc,onShi_toVegetables

IrrigableAcresinYumaCountyDedicatedtoMul,-CropsIncreased5xsince1970

WaterConserva,onbyReducingSummerMonthCropping

ImprovedWaterManagementPrac,ce:Flood->Sprinkler

Thewaterintensiveprac,ceof“subbing”upvegetablesbymaintainingwaterinfieldfurrowsfor7-10dayshasbeenreplacedbysprinklerirriga,on

FarmManagementPrac,ceshaveIncreasedApplica,on&CropWaterUse

Efficienciesfrom~55%to~75%

AllCrops Leguce

Applica,onEfficiency:CropET/WaterApplied WUE:CropYield/WaterApplied

ElementsofIrriga,onandtheRoleofETMonitoring

•  Irriga,onScheduling:TimingandRequiredDepth•  AdjustmentofRequiredDepthforSaltManagement(Leaching)•  Irriga,onDesignandManagement(Efficient&Uniform

Applica,onofRequiredDepth•  Accuracyofwaterusages,llamajorques,on

RoleofRemoteSensingofETforAgriculture

•  ETmodelscanreasonablyes,mateseasonalwateruse

•  Crop&regionspecificwaterusevaluesforirriga,ondistrictmanagement

•  UsefulremotesensingofETneedstobeatdaily,mesteps,<100mresolu,on,andaccessibletofarmersandtheiradvisors.

CropClassifica,on

LSTMaps Cumula,veWaterUsed

VI-BasedET

•  ETuses/lossesarethesinglelargestunmeasuredwaterflux•  New,updatedwaterusebaselinesneededintheUSSouthwest•  Scarcity&Farmvs.UrbanUsers•  Salinitymanagement

•  KnowledgeofETwouldimprovein-seasonforecas,ngofwaterrequirements•  ET-basedtoolswouldbeusedifaccurate,consistent,andeasy-touse

AgriculturalApplica,onsofET

TemperatureResponsesvs.WaterDeficits

Temperaturevs.TimeofDay Surface-AirTemperatureDifferencevs.TimeofDay