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Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
AAT-EyeCheck
Screening for Drugs
Kim O’Neil
Advanced Aviation Technology Ltd. Tel. +44 1483 811 311
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
Presentation
• What is EyeCheck?
• Application areas
• How does it work?
• Underlying technology
• Screening Methods, Results & Issues
• Benefits
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
What is EyeCheck?
• EyeCheck™ Pupillometer – Analyses Eye Pupil Response– Employing simple medical principles– Straightforward measurement techniques– Rapid, two minute test…...
• Application to:– Measurement of fatigue– Detection of drugs.
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
What is EyeCheck?
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
What is EyeCheck?
EyeCheck:– Non-invasive – Non-Gender specific
– Instant results and analysis
– Eliminates privacy issues
– No baseline necessary
– Medically peer reviewed
– Easy-to-use, minimal training required
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
Why Test?Drugs:
• Illegal drug use widespread in society
• Prescription drugs a problem too
• Impairment, Accidents, poor decision making
• Disfunctional behaviour, stress, irritation
• Major risk in many responsible professions:– Pilots, ATC, Doctors, Police, Security etc. etc.– Especially when under stress
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
Why Test?
Fatigue an interrelated problem too:
• Lack of sleep
• Disrupted sleep patterns
• Stress, overwork, Illness…..
17-19 hrs without sleep - Equivalent to 0.05 BAC
[Williamson AM, FeyerA-M. 2000. “Moderate sleep deprivation produces impairments in cognitive and motor performance equivalent to legally prescribed levels of alcohol intoxication.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine57:649-55.
Dawson, D. and K. Reid. 1997. “Fatigue, Alcohol and Performance Impairment.” Nature388 (July 17): 235.]
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
Application Areas
• Measuring impairment
• Impairment and human performance
• Impact of shift patterns (fatigue)
• Safety monitoring of personnel
• Sleep hygiene, stress
• Detection of drugs (pre-screening)
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
Application Areas
• Roads, Trains, Boats, Planes• Pilots, cabin crew, maintenance, ATC, drivers• On duty, in transit, on standby• Airlines, airports, rail, maritime, road transport• Police, private security• Public safety, clubs• Research
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
How Does it Work?
• Easy to use…
• Simply look into the unit:
• A light flashes, the pupil reacts to stimuli, causing constriction followed by re-dilation.
• Eyecheck measures, records and evaluates this response….. (include subject data, age)
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
How Does it Work?
• The eye is allowed to adapt to dark (30 secs)– EyeCheck measures initial pupil diameter
• A brief flash of light:– measures reflex amplitude, rate of constriction
– final minimum pupil diameter, time to min. dia.
• EyeCheck measures real-time eye dynamics– infrared optics, collects IR light scattered by eye– 10-2 mm accuracy, 10 samples per second
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
Underlying Technology
IP D S O
C V
M P D
T T M
F P D
P u p ilD ia m .
T im e
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
Underlying Technology
• Able to take other measurements:– “Fatigue waves”
– Oscillation of the pupil over time
– Detailed performance of pupil over time
• Supports studies of human performance– Impact of fatigue/narcotics on performance
– Baseline task performance against fatigue/drugs
– Sleep hygiene
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
Normal Response
Advanced Aviation Technology
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Benzodiazipine (Valium)
Advanced Aviation Technology
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Barbiturate
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Narcotic Analgesic (Codeine)
Advanced Aviation Technology
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Cannabis
Advanced Aviation Technology
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Metamphetamine
Advanced Aviation Technology
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Cocaine
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Inhalant
Advanced Aviation Technology
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Methods, Results, Issues
• Simple to apply, reliable and accurate– based on solid medical principles & practical use– well documented literature available
• Not recommended for:– under 16’s, over 50’s– pregnant women– under medication– recent eye surgery
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
Benefits
• Lightweight, portable, user friendly
• Non-invasive
• Can sample large numbers quickly
• Records & analyses subject data, results
• S/W analysis programs supplied
• Adaptable for many purposes, environments
• “Breathalyzer” for drug impairment
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
Summary
• Easy to Use, Portable, Minimal Training
• Rapid, Accurate, Reliable, Adaptable
• Rapid pre-screen for all narcotics
• Whole workforce testing possible
• Performance improvement
• Fitness-for-duty testing
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
Benefits of Screening
• Enhanced operating environment
• Improved reliability, performance, productivity
• Reduces incidents, accidents, risk
• Reduces loss, reduces costs
• Improves morale
• Strong deterrence for substance abuse
Advanced Aviation Technology
www.aatl.net
The End!
Thank You for Listening!
Kim O’Neil
Advanced Aviation Technology Ltd.Tel. +44 1483 811 311
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