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LNG Ready Capabilities
Patrick Janssens Vice President, Global Gas Solutions Antwerp 12 February 2015
INTERTANKO/ISTEC meeting
ABS Milestone LNG fuelled Projects Harvey Gulf OSVs
First US LNG fuelled ships Wrtsil medium speed DF First delivery Q1 2015
Tote Container Ships First MAN ME-GI order (MAN 8L70ME-C8.2GI) US built, US Flagged, Keel laid Feb 2014
Q-Max Conversion (Rasheeda) Will be first ME-GI engine in operation Planned operation early 2015
Nordic Hamburg Container Feeder vessels Among first Wrtsil Slow Speed DF engines Planned operation early 2016 Navigator Gas Ethane/Ethylene carriers
Jiangnan Shipyard, Planned operation 2016
LNG Carrier Fleet Also LNG Fuelled!
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ABS Fleet
Steam Turbine
Dual Fuel DE
Diesel w Reliquefaction
2 2
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4 4 4
ABS Orderbook
Reheat System
STaGE
Dual Fuel DE
Slow Speed w Reliq
Slow Speed DF
To be confirmed
As of February 2015
Methane Princess - 1964
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Ships Fuel in Transition?
l Reminiscent of coal to oil . could it be oil to LNG next?
l Conventional wisdom: n status quo (i.e. LSFO in ECA
only) until IMO decides when (2020 or 2025) worldwide 0.5% LSFO will be implemented
l Turning point: IMO 2018 study on LSFO availability
l LNG-ready ? n yes, for dual-fuel engines
n iffy for ship arrangements IGF code still evolving
n not really, for bunkering facilities
Evidence so far Adoption of LNG: Short sea, dedicated routes only Uncertainties in:
- Bunkering infrastructure - Regulatory regime - LNG price vs. fuel oil price
Adoption of Scrubber Mainly ECA operators, such as
cruise ships, ferries Uncertainties in scrubber
technology and CAPEX Increasing amount of
installations
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Uncertainties for Immediate Application of LNG
l Sulphur Regulation is a Certainty However n Will there be Future ECAs? n When will Global Sulphur Limits Happen?
l Uncertainty of Fuel Costs n LNG as Bunker
n MGO and other Low Sulphur Fuels
l Uncertainty of Availability
Too many uncertainties to justify a very high investment for an LNG Fuelled vessel? LNG Ready is a Precautionary Application
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Why to be LNG Ready?
l Preparing for the Future n Uncertainties will Resolve n LNG Fuel may prove the most
attractive option
l Designing for Future Conversion
n Ensuring Feasibility of Concept
n Considering the Effort
n Minimizing Difficulties
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How Ready is Ready?
l Define Operational requirements n Operating range n Bunkering options n Trading Pattern n Port requirements
l Evaluate economic viability n LNG vs MGO and other Low Sulphur Fuels n LNG vs Scrubbers
l Ensuring Feasibility of the Concept n Compliance with Rules & Regulations n Technical feasibility n Risk assessment
l Many levels of readiness Execution n Space reservation only n Partial Preparation (design, on board) n Equipment/systems installed on Board
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Cost Benefit Analysis
Understanding monetary concerns for implementation l Fleet profile
n Operational profiles, time spent in an ECA, speed, draught etc. l CAPEX for LNG adoption l OPEX for LNG price sensitivity vs
HFO MDO option l LNG availability
n Source, liquefaction, distribution n Infrastructure export facility,
bunkering vessels, tank trucks, etc. l Price spread of LNG and other
alternative fuels l LNG fuel system maintenance costs
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ABS Guide for LNG Fuel Ready Vessels
l Growing Interest in Published Guidance n Provide Independent Recognition of
features n Assist in Shipyard Specification n Confirm Compliance with Class
Requirements
l ABS Guide for LNG Fuel Ready Vessels published in November 2014 n Formalizes the LNG Ready Process n References the requirements of the ABS
Guide for Propulsion and Auxiliary Systems for Gas Fueled Ships
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LNG Fuel Ready Vessels
l Class criteria for preparing vessels to use LNG as marine fuel
l The ABS Guide for LNG Ready Vessels provides guidance to shipowners and shipbuilders preparing a ship design to be ready for using LNG as a fuel
l The ABS Guide defines 3 LNG Fuel Ready Levels: n Level 1 Concept Design Review n Level 2 General Design Review n Level 3 Detail Design Approval and Installation
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LNG Fuel Ready Level 1: Approval In Principle l High level evaluation of the geometry and structural
arrangements of the vessel
l General scope of review: n Safety concept n General arrangement n LNG fuel containment type, location and supporting structure n BOG management n Fuel gas supply system and
piping arrangements n Engine selection n Hazardous area plan n Vent mast and venting systems n Bunkering arrangements n Electrical load analysis
Source: OMT
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Risk Assessment
l IGF Code requires a risk assessment to be undertaken for each design
l Disagreement at IMO
l Expect papers to MSC 95
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LNG Tank Considerations
l Consider complete fuel containment, supply and consumption systems
l Tank type and location l Vessel range/tank volume l Structure reinforcement l Sloshing effects l Filling limits and BOG management l Cofferdam and insulation arrangements l Hold space l Hazardous area l Vessel impact
n DWT, stability
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Prime Mover Choice
l Diesel or Otto cycle
l Low pressure Otto cycle slow speed engine now offered
l Bigger engine? More cylinders?
Diesel Cycle
Same power density Same transient
response No knocking No methane slip
High pressure gas Requires EGR or
SCR for Tier III NOx compliance
Otto Cycle
Reduced power and/or change bore size
Transient load ramps Compressed gas and
air mixture Gas quality (MN) Methane slip
Low pressure gas Tier III NOx
compliant
Scavenging Compression/ gas admission Ignition expansion
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Fuel Gas Supply System
l BOG compressors/cryogenic FGSS/heaters
l Gas Valve Unit (room/enclosure)
l LNG and gas piping
l Bunkering arrangements
l Vent, purging, nitrogen supply
l Electrical loads Source: MAN B&W/DSME
Master gas valve
Gas fuel from FGS
system Block and
bleed valve
To gas consumer
Vent
N2 Machinery space N2
Vent GVU room
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LNG Fuel Ready Level 2: General Design Review l Additional to Level 1 and categorized in separate groups
l Design details general except gas consumers
l The subgroups of Level 2 are:
n Hull structural reinforcement for LNG storage tank
n LNG fuel storage tank arrangements
n Fuel gas bunkering system and arrangement
n Fuel gas supply system
n Gas vapor handling system
n Gas consumers
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LNG Fuel Ready Level 3: Detail Design Approval & Installation l Incorporates both the Class Approval of the detailed drawings and
the installation of specified equipment on board the ship
l Drawings to be in compliance with the relevant sections of the ABS Gas Fueled Ships Guide
l To be performed in combination with Level 2 or straight after Level 1
l Categorized in separate groups similar to Level 2 and more
l Upon completion of the installation to the surveyors satisfaction, the vessel will be eligible for the class notation LNG Ready and statement description: S, TS, TA, BK & GS
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LNG Fuel Ready Vessels
l Upon satisfactory completion of each review level, ABS will provide: n Level 1 An Approval In Principle (AIP) for the concept design
and a statement in the ABS Record n Level 2 A suitably worded Statement of Compliance and a
statement in the ABS Record n Level 3 A Class Notation LNG Ready with a description note
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LNG Ready Obstacles
l Regulatory Changes n IGF Code not Complete (but maturing) n Applicable Regulation at time of Conversion
unclear
l Bunkering Requirements Uncertain n Permissibility in Ports n Simultaneous Operations
l Rule Changes ABS LNG Ready Guide does not lock in Requirements
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Are You LNG Ready? We Are!
Photo Source: HHP Insight ABS-classed Harvey Energy
www.eagle.org
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