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A STRANGE CAMPAIGN
THE BATTLE FOR MADAGASCAR
RUSSELL PHILLIPS
SHILKA PUBLISHING
Copyright © 2021 by Russell Phillips
All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by anyelectronic or mechanical means, including information storage andretrieval systems, without written permission from the author, exceptfor the use of brief quotations in a book review.
14 RUSSELL PHILLIPS
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APPENDIX I: FORCES INVOLVED INOPERATION IRONCLAD
Force F
BattleshipRamillies
Aircraft Carriers
Indomitable
800 Squadron (Eight Fairey Fulmars)806 Squadron (Four Fairey Albacores)827 & 831 Squadrons (Twenty-four Albacores)880 Squadron (Nine Hawker Sea Hurricanes)
Illustrious
810 & 829 Squadrons (Twenty Fairey Swordfish)881 Squadron (Twelve Grumman Martlets)882 Squadron (Eight Martlets and one Fulmar)
116 Appendix I: Forces Involved in Operation Ironclad
Cruisers
DevonshireHermione
Destroyers
JavelinLaforeyLightningLookoutPakenhamPaladinPanther
Corvettes
AuriculaCyclamenFreesiaFritillaryGenistaJasmineNigellaThyme
Minesweepers
CromartyCromerPooleRomney
Appendix I: Forces Involved in Operation Ironclad 117
Assault Transports
KaranjaKerenRoyal UlstermanWinchester CastleSobieski (Polish)
Specialised Ships
Bachaquero (LST)Derwentdale (LCA)
Troopships
Duchess of AthollFranconiaOronsay
Stores and Motor Transport ships
ThalattaCity of Hong KongEmpire KingsleyMahoutMartandNairnbankGreystoke Castle (arrived at Diego Suarez on 7 May with
stores and ammunition)
Fleet Auxiliary
Easedale (tanker)
118 Appendix I: Forces Involved in Operation Ironclad
Hospital Ship
Atlantis
Force 121
Headquarters
Royal Engineers detachmentSignals SectionRoyal Army Service CorpsRoyal Army Medical CorpsRoyal Army Ordnance CorpsPay Corps detachmentProvost detachmentPioneer detachment
29th Independent Infantry Brigade
Headquarters 29th Independent Infantry BrigadeDefence PlatoonSignals Section1st Battalion Royal Scots Fusiliers2nd Battalion Royal Welch Fusiliers2nd Battalion East Lancashire Regiment2nd Battalion South Lancashire RegimentHalf squadron, B Special Service Squadron, Royal
Armoured CorpsHalf squadron, C Special Service Squadron, Royal
Armoured Corps455 Independent Light Battery, Royal Artillery145 Light Anti-Aircraft Troop, Royal Artillery
Appendix I: Forces Involved in Operation Ironclad 119
236 Field Company, Royal Engineers (less onesection)
17th Infantry Brigade
Headquarters 17th Infantry BrigadeDefence PlatoonSignals SectionLight Aid Detachment2nd Battalion Royal Scots Fusiliers2nd Battalion Northamptonshire Regiment6th Battalion Seaforth Highlanders9th Field Regiment, Royal Artillery38th Field Company, Royal Engineers141 Field Ambulance, Royal Army Medical Corps
13th Infantry Brigade
2nd Battalion The Cameronians2nd Battalion Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers2nd Battalion Wiltshire Regiment91st Field Regiment, Royal Artillery252 Field Company, Royal Engineers13th Infantry Brigade Company, Royal Army Service
Corps164 Field Ambulance, Royal Army Medical Corps
Number 5 (Army) Commando
South African Air Force Units
32 Coastal Reconnaissance Flight (Five MartinMarylands)
120 Appendix I: Forces Involved in Operation Ironclad
36 Coastal Reconnaissance Flight (Six BristolBeauforts)
37 Coastal Reconnaissance Flight (Five Beauforts andone Maryland)
50 Transport Flight (Six Junkers Ju 52s)53 Transport Flight (Six Lockheed Lodestars)54 Transport Flight (Six Lodestars)
French Forces
2me Regiment Mixte de Madagascar (Mixed Mada-gascar Regiment)
1er Bataillon2me Bataillon3me BataillonDetachment de Reconnaissance MotoriseGroupe Campaigne et Montagne (Field and Mountain
Artillery Group)Coastal ArtilleryAnti-Aircraft Artillery
French Deployments
Windsor Castle/Courrier Bay:
One combat group with one 60mm mortarOne 138mm coastal batteryOne infantry section
Appendix I: Forces Involved in Operation Ironclad 121
Ampasindava:
One infantry section
Cap Diego Peninsula:
One infantry companyOne 65mm anti-tank sectionOne 240mm coastal batteryTwo 75mm naval guns
Joffre Line:
One infantry battalionFour 75mm anti-tank guns
Camp d’Ambre:
Four-man outpost with radio
Camp du Sakaramy:
Two infantry companies
Arrachart Airfield:
One 75mm battery
Orangea Peninsula:
One infantry company
122 Appendix I: Forces Involved in Operation Ironclad
Camp d’Ankorika:
One infantry company
Fort d’Ankorika:
Two 80mm field guns
Mamelon Vert:
Two 80mm field guns
Le Point de Vue:
One 164mm coastal battery
Poste Optique/Sémaphore d’Orangéa:
One 100mm coastal battery
Cap Miné:
One 320mm coastal battery
Plage d’Orangéa:
Three 47mm naval guns
Diego Suarez:
One infantry companyOne 75mm field batteryOne 75mm mobile field section
Appendix I: Forces Involved in Operation Ironclad 123
One 65mm mobile anti-tank sectionOne 75mm coastal gun (at lighthouse)Two 90mm anti-aircraft gunsOne 13.2mm anti-aircraft section
French Naval Forces
Diego Suarez anchorage:
Bougainville (auxiliary cruiser)Bévéziers (submarine)D’Entrecasteaux (colonial sloop)
Majunga:
Glorieux (submarine)
At sea:
D’Iberville (colonial sloop)Le Héros (submarine)Le Monge (submarine)
Aircraft (Arrachart Airfield)
Three Potez 63Five Morane-Saulnier 406Two Potez 25
APPENDIX II: ULTIMATUM TO THEGOVERNOR OF DIEGO SUAREZ
On Board the British Flagship,3rd May, 1942.
Your Excellency,The strategic position of Diego Suarez requires that it
should not fall into the hands of the Japanese and that theterritory should be available for those forces which arefighting to restore freedom in the world and secure theliberation of France and French territory. It cannot beallowed to suffer the fate of Indo China.
I therefore request that in order that bloodshed maybe avoided you will surrender the territory under yourcontrol to me unconditionally and instruct your officialsand Armed Forces to obey the orders which I shall issue.
The action which I am now taking on the instructionof H.M. Government has the full approval of the Govern-ment of the United States.
In order to assist you in reaching a favourable decisionI have been instructed by H.M. Government to inform youof the following:—
126 Appendix II: Ultimatum to the Governor of Diego…
1. Diego Suarez is French and will remainFrench, and will be restored to France after thewar. H.M. Government have repeatedly made itclear that they do not covet an inch of Frenchterritory. I repeat this assurance.
2. Funds will be made available to meet thesalaries and pensions of all personnel, Civiland Military, who elect to co-operate with theUnited Nations.
3. If any Civil and Military employees do notwish to co-operate, they will, provided they canclaim the right to residence in MetropolitanFrance, be repatriated as and when shippingbecomes available.
4. The trade of Diego Suarez with the UnitedNations will be restored. H.M. Governmentwill extend to Diego Suarez all the economicbenefits accorded to French territories whichhave already joined the United Nations.
5. There must be no destruction of Civil andMilitary installations, W/T Stations, WarStores, etc. Those responsible for any suchsabotage will not benefit by conditions (2) and(3) above.
Your reply to this communication should be sent tome immediately in plain language by radio on 500 kc/s(600 metres) using call sign GBXZ.
Alternatively it should be sent by hand of officerunder flag of truce to the Officer Commanding OccupyingTroops.
I am, Your Excellency
Appendix II: Ultimatum to the Governor of Diego… 127
E. N. SYFRET.Rear-Admiral and Commander-in-Chief, British Forces.His Excellency,The Governor of Diego Suarez.
APPENDIX III: FORCES INVOLVED INOPERATION STREAMLINE JANE
Force M
BattleshipWarspite
Cruisers
BirminghamCaradocDauntlessGambia
Anti-Aircraft ship
Heemskerck
Aircraft carrier
Illustrious
130 Appendix III: Forces Involved in Operation Strea…
Six Fairey FulmarsEighteen Fairey SwordfishTwenty-one Grumman Martlets
Monitor
Erebus
Headquarters ship
Albatross
Fast Minelayer
Manxman
Destroyers
NapierTjerk HiddesVan GalenActiveArrowBlackmoreFortuneFoxhoundHotspurInconstantNepalNizamNorman
Appendix III: Forces Involved in Operation Strea… 131
Minesweepers
CromartyCromerFreesiaRomney
Anti-submarine Whalers
LurcherMastiffSigfar
Netlayer
Brittany
Assault Ships
DilwaraDuneraEmpire Pride
Motor Transport Ships
Advisor Charlton HallDeliusEmpire SquireGasconyOcean VesperOcean VikingRossWanderer
132 Appendix III: Forces Involved in Operation Strea…
Personnel Ships
AbossoEmpire TrooperEmpire WoodlarkKhedive-IsmailLlandaff Castle
Oilers
British EnergyDoryssaEasedaleEaglesdale
Petrol tanker
Kola
Hospital ships
DorsetshireVasna
Allied Land Forces
29th Independent Infantry Brigade
Headquarters 29th Independent Infantry BrigadeDefence PlatoonSignals Section1st Battalion Royal Scots Fusiliers
Appendix III: Forces Involved in Operation Strea… 133
2nd Battalion Royal Welch Fusiliers2nd Battalion East Lancashire Regiment2nd Battalion South Lancashire RegimentHalf squadron, B Special Service Squadron, Royal
Armoured CorpsHalf squadron, C Special Service Squadron, Royal
Armoured Corps455 Independent Light Battery, Royal Artillery145 Light Anti-Aircraft Troop, Royal Artillery236 Field Company, Royal Engineers (less one section)
Number 5 (Army) Commando
A Squadron, 1st Armoured Car Commando, SouthAfrican Tank Corps
22nd (East Africa) Infantry Brigade
1/1 Battalion (Nyasaland), King’s African Rifles5th Battalion (Kenya), King’s African Rifles1/6 Battalion (Tanganyika), King’s African Rifles56th (Uganda) Field Battery, East African Artillery9th Field Regiment, Royal Artillery60th Field Company, East African Engineers5th (Kenya) Field Ambulance
Allied Shore-Based Aircraft
Six Martin MarylandsEight Bristol BeaufortsFive Westland LysandersSix Fairey AlbacoresSix Fairey Fulmars
134 Appendix III: Forces Involved in Operation Strea…
Eight Supermarine WalrusSeven Consolidated Catalinas
French Forces
Note: there were two Régiment Mixte de Malgache (1er and2em), but sources list all the battalions as being from the 1erRegiment. I have been unable to determine which battalionswere from the 2em Regiment.
West Coast
Two platoons of reservists and volunteers at Nossi-béTwo companies of the 1er Régiment Mixte de
Malgache (Mixed Madagascar Regiment) at AmbanjaOne battalion of the 1er Régiment Mixte de Malgache
at Majunga
East Coast
One battalion of the 1er Régiment Mixte de Malgacheat Tamatave
One artillery section (65mm) at TamataveOne company of the 1er Régiment Mixte de Malgache
at Brickaville
Centre of the Island
Three battalions of the 1er Régiment Mixte deMalgache at Tananarive
One motorised reconnaissance detachment atTananarive
Appendix III: Forces Involved in Operation Strea… 135
Emyrne battery at Tananarive
One artillery section (65mm) at TananariveOne engineer company at TananariveOne company of the 1er Régiment Mixte de Malgache
at MevatananaOne company of the Bataillon de Tirailleurs Mala-
gaches at Fianarantsoa
South of the Island
One company of the Bataillon de Tirailleurs Mala-gaches at Fort dauphin
One company of the Bataillon de Tirailleurs Mala-gaches at Tuléar
Aircraft (Ivato Airfield)
Six Potez 63Eleven Morane-Saulnier 406
APPENDIX IV: PRINCIPALPERSONALITIES
BritishGeneral Alan Brooke: Chief of the Imperial General
Staff, chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee, and mili-tary advisor to Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill: Prime Minister and Minister ofDefence
Brigadier Dimoline: Commander of 22nd East AfricanBrigade
Anthony Eden: Foreign SecretaryBrigadier Frank Festing: Commander of 29th Indepen-
dent Infantry BrigadeLord Harlech: High Commissioner to South AfricaBerthe Mayer: SOE agent on Madagascar and Percy
Mayer's wifePercy Mayer: SOE agent on Madagascar and Berthe
Mayer's husbandRoundell Palmer, Earl of Selborne: Minister for
Economic WarfareLieutenant-General Sir William Platt: General Officer
Commanding East Africa Command
138 Appendix IV: Principal Personalities
Major J.E.S. Simon: Tank squadron commanderField Marshal Jan Smuts: Prime Minister of the Union
of South AfricaMajor-General Robert Sturges: Royal Marines
General. Commander of land forces for OperationIronclad
Admiral Edward Neville Syfret: Overall commander ofOperation Ironclad
FrenchGovernor Armand Annet: Governor-General of Mada-
gascar from April 1941Colonel Claerebout: Commander of Diego SuarezJules Marcel de Coppet: Governor of MadagascarAdmiral Darlan: Chief of Staff of the French Navy,
then Minister of Marine in the Vichy French governmentBrigadier-General Charles de Gaulle: Leader of Free
France, the French government-in-exile set up in Britainafter the surrender of France
General Guillemet: Senior military commander onMadagascar
General Legentilhomme: Free French Governor-General of Madagascar, 1942–1943
Captain Maerten: Naval Commandant at Diego Suarezand commander of the French navy in Madagascar
Marshal Pétain: Leader of the Vichy French govern-ment, established after France surrendered to Germany
Paul Reynaud: Prime Minister, March–June 1940Pierre de Saint-Mart: Free French Governor-General
of Madagascar from 1943General Weygand: Commander of the French army in
1940, then Vichy Minister for Defence
Appendix IV: Principal Personalities 139
Other NationalitiesFricke, Admiral, German naval chief of staffNomura, Vice Admiral, Japanese naval attaché in
Berlin
APPENDIX V: PLACE NAMES
Throughout this book, I have used contemporary placenames, as used in 1942. Several places referenced in thebook are now known by new names. These places arelisted below with their modern name.
Akyab Island (Burma): Sittwe Island (Myanmar)Burma: MyanmarCeylon: Sri LankaDiego Suarez: AntsirananaFrench Indochina: VietnamHell-Ville: AndoanyJoffreville: AmbohitraMajunga: MahajangaNossi-bé: Nosy BeTamatave: ToamasinaTananarive: AntananarivoTuléar: ToliaraSakaramy: Ambia
ABOUT RUSSELL PHILLIPS
Russell Phillips writes books and articles about militarytechnology and history. Born and brought up in a miningvillage in South Yorkshire, they have lived and worked inSouth Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Cumbria and Stafford-shire. Russell has always had a deep interest in historyand conflicts all over the world, and enjoys sharing theirknowledge with others through clear, factual accountswhich shine a light on events of the past.
Their articles have been published in MiniatureWargames, Wargames Illustrated, The Wargames Website,and the Society of Twentieth Century Wargamers‘ Journal.They have been interviewed on BBC Radio Stoke, TheWW2 Podcast, Cold War Conversations, and The Voice ofRussia. They currently live in Stoke-on-Trent with theirwife and two children.
twitter.com/RPBookfacebook.com/RussellPhillipsBooksgoodreads.com/RussellPhillips
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