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A just transition to greener economies –
Promoting Green Jobs in the forestry sector
Green Jobs programme, ILO
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
A few words about the ILO
• Tripartite membership, governance and operationalmodalities: the key role of social dialogue
• Decent Work as a central goal
• Towards a Centenary celebration in 2019
• Alignment with 2030 Development Agenda and SDGs (beyond 8)
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The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Environmental sustainability a central theme and
cross-cutting issue in ILO Strategic Plan
3
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
What are Green jobs?
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
In practice?
ILO
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Organic agricultural products (certified)
Green textiles (green labelling)
Eco-tourism (certified)
Green construction (certified)
Green financing
Reducing energy and resource intensity
Eco-efficiency
Reducing and recycling waste
Process Product and services Nature conservation
Ecosystem support
Natural resource management
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
What do we mean by green jobs
– Social dimension:
Jobs that are decent, i.e. provide equal opportunity for women and men, are safe and healthy, and provide access to basis social protection
– Environmental dimension:
Jobs that reduce environmental pollution or that contribute to the preservation and restoration of environmental quality
– Economic dimension:
Jobs that add economic value and are rewarded, and contribute to long-term sustainable enterprises and economies
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Jobs are green when…
….they help reduce negative environmental impact, and lead to environmentally, economically and socially sustainable enterprises and economies.
Green jobs are decent jobs in agriculture, manufacturing or service that:
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Improve energy and raw materials efficiency
Limit greenhouse gas emissions
Minimize waste and pollution
Protect and restore ecosystems
Support adaptation to the effects of climate change
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Green jobs are also decent
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Guaranteeing rights at work
Respect of the ILO International Labour Standards
Creating jobs
Equal opportunities, freely chosen, productive and gainful
Extending social protection
Decent salary, social protection coverage, occupational safety and health
Promoting social dialogue
Freedom of association and collective bargaining
Non discriminationGender equality
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Towards «greening» DWCP, CPOsand a Regional Outcome
ILO «GREENING» OFFER
• Analysis: employment/skills projection
• Tools: green jobs «packages»
• Capacity development: ITC courses for staff and constituents, Global Team links and annual workshop , AP CoP-platform, ..
• Partnership: PAGE, Regional Institutions, ..
• Finance: RBSA; accreditation GCF, bilaterals, ..
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Rio+20: Green Economy, Sustainable Development
and Poverty eradication through Green Jobs
The importance of green jobs in setting the pathway to sustainable development
Triple benefit:
1. Social – decent work, poverty eradication, social inclusion
2. Economic – viable enterprises and sectors
3. Environmental - climate change resilience, low-emission development, stable natural environment and lasting biodiversity
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
The two defining challenges of the 21st
century:
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Environment: Averting climate change
Protecting life-support on earth
Social challenge: Decent work for all
Well-being and dignityfor the excluded
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Green Jobs provide the linking element to address the dual challenge
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Social development
Environmental sustainability
Green Jobs
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Internation Labour Conference on Green Jobs, 2013 Main outcomes
Common Vision - “Achieving decent work, green jobs and sustainable development”
Guiding principles for the greening of economies, enterprises and jobs, including the need for building strong social consensus on the goal and pathways to sustainability.
The important role of social dialogue and respect, promotion and realization of fundamental principles and rights at work.
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
• “…transition to a greener economy could help reach many social goals over the next 20 to 30 years, including creating 15 to 60 million additional decent jobs”…ILO
• “Employers believe that proactively addressing higher energy efficiency and environmental issues of resource use…helps to enable long-term sustainable growth”…Employers
• “The transition has to create green and decent jobs and should not make workers the variable of adjustment. The world needs an ambitious transition towards environmental sustainability and workers want it to be a just transition”…Workers
Tripartite Agreement
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Employment transition
EFFECT EXAMPLE
New job creationRenewable energy sector; energy performance service companies; mobility services
EliminationSome types of miningPackaging (materials discouraged or banned)
SubstitutionShifting from fossil fuels to RE&EE, automobiles to mass transit, waste disposal to recycling, primary metals production to secondary production
TransformationExisting jobs greened along with changed workplace practices and methods.Supply-chain effects outside green (e.g. steel for wind turbines)
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
I. Strong policy coherence and effective institutional arrangements
II. Tripartism and conducive Social Dialogue
Overarching enabling policies
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Macro/Sector
Macroeconomic
Industrial and sector
Employment
Enterprises
Skills
Labour market
Social Protection
Occupational safety and
health
Social protection
Policy coherence and effective institutional arrangements
Social Dialogue
Labour
Standards
Labour Standards
Schematic relationships between total employment, green jobs and decent
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
ILO approach to Green Jobs
1) Improving job quality and job security
2) Protecting livelihoods and creating decent jobs for women and men
3) Building effective public-private partnerships at the local level
4) Promoting inclusive and financially viable Solid Waste Management systems (through local strategies)
5) Add value to workers’ activities in chain and markets to ensure fairer incomes
6) Strengthen organization-building and representation
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Green-volution in the ILO
2008
Green Jobs
Report
2009
GJ Team
GJ Regions
2010
GJ Unit (4+)
2011
GJ Network
(40+)
2012
GJ Global
Programme
GJ Report 2.0
2013
GJ Policy
?
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20152014Just Transition
Green Initiative
2016Mainstr.Policy
Intervention Model
Assessment of transition challenges/opportunities
Multi-stakeholder Task Force
Policy and institutional framework for entry points
Capacity building
Social Dialogue & Action Plan
Action programmes to address priorities
Strategy
Just Transition policy
Policy Implementation
More and better Green Jobs
Green Jobs Policy Cycle
Assessment of Green Jobs Actual/Potential
Inter- ministerial/stakeholder Task Force
Capacity building
Social Dialogue & Action Plan
Pilot ProjectsGreen Jobs strategy
Green Jobs Policy
Policy Implementation
Getting more and betterGreen Jobs
Applying a decent work lens
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
What Governments can do to promote green jobs
Enabling Environment
Macro-economic & Fiscal Policy
Mac
Environmental and labour market policy
Employment policies and
programs
Green public works and Investment programs
Skills programs
Social protection Cash transfer for
green worksInsurance and safety nets for
vulnerable groups
Enterprise promotion
Know about-, Start Your Green Business, Access
to finance
Green value chain development;
Market creation and regulation
Market development
Green tradepolices;
Procurement
Market creation and regulationMarket information systems
Example: Mauritius, Sustainable Island
Assessment of Green Jobs Potential
Inter ministerial task force
Policy formulation
Action plan on skills, workers,
enterprises and sector policies
Implementation of Green Jobs
strategies
Action plan of Government, Employers
and Unions in Green Jobs Workshop 2012
National Trade Unions Confederation (NTUC)
Example China
Assessment of Green Jobs Potential
Inter ministerial task force
Social Dialogue & Action plan
Pilot Project
Policy on Green Jobs
2010-2015, China’s 12th five year plan: • Development to
green growth• ‘Guiding options on
promoting Green jobs’2010, Experience sharing meetings
between government, unions
& business
2010
2011, Green Business Options China:
Training program to encourage Green Entrepreneurship
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Opportunities...
Targeted public investment in
forestry could generate about
10 million new jobs around the
world. (C.T.S. Nair and R. Rutt, 2009, http://www.fao.org/3/a-i1025e/i1025e02.pdf)
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The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
...and challenges
- 41 million of informal workers and engaged in the broader forestry, wood, pulp and paper sector worldwide (75% of informality in the sector overall)
- low labour productivity and earnings inthe primary extractive activities
- Bad safety record due to the intrinsically hazardous nature of the work and high turnover
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The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Forests in a Green Economy -Options 1.Low-Emission Development: Carbon sequestration and avoiding emissions Wood-based biomass energy Product substitution Forest fires
2.Green Jobs & Revenues: Wood Production Wood Processing Wood Trade & Sale Forest conservation and nature-based tourism
3.Environmental Services: Watershed management Forest-based biodiversity Hydrological services Recreation
Tools for green jobs in forestry and natural resource management
ilo/greenjobs.org
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Analysis and reviewsIn forestry sector five activities were studied (in the same way as agriculture) and presented in detail. In this sector conservation of forest and biodiversity alone created more that 50% of sectoral total green jobs and ranked 1st followed by nursery, afforestation, social forestry and agroforestry. man days which is equivalent to 26523 regular jobs. Therefore in total (38247 + 26523) 64770 regular
The total job created in this sector is 9681129 jobs are existing in both the sectors
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
Green Business OptionsResource Books
Circular Economy
Eco-Tourism
Eco-forestry and Forest Products
Energy Efficiency
Distributed Renewable Energy
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
SDGs, sustainability and jobs
Goal 15 Eco-systems and
forests
•China: millions of jobs in reforestation and forest conservation notably women were benefitting
Goal 12 Sustainable
consumption and
production
•Europe: 1 percentage increase in resource use efficiency leads to up to 200,000 new jobs
Goal 5: Achieve gender
equality
Goal 13 Climate change
•South Africa EPWP created over 4 million work opportunities during 2009-2014 , many in adaptation related sectors (water management, flood control
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
SDG 5 Cont. Women in forestry Challenges and Opportunities
• Men and women play different roles in forestry and agroforestry systems in notably in developing countries
• Many women have highly specialized knowledge of trees and forests in terms ofbiological diversity, sustainable management and use for various purposes, andconservation practices.
• Women make specific contributions to forestry and agroforestry value chains. However, women’s roles in value chains tend to be poorly supported by policy-makers and extension services.
• Perpetual lack of genderdisaggregated data hampers the development of policy interventions to address the issue.
• Policies and practices empowering women in the forest sector yield significantbenefits to food security and nutrition and the sustainable management of forests.
• Facilitating women’s participation in forest user groups, improving their access tomodern sources of energy, and enhancing their access to processing techniquesare necessary interventions 34
The Green Jobs Programme of the ILO
• ILO Green Jobs Programme:
www.ilo.org/greenjobs
• Green Jobs Training Platform:
http://greenjobs.itcilo.org
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Resources on line
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