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nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 1
Elements of a
Successful ProposalAb Brody, RN, PhD, GNP-BC
Assistant Professor and Associate DirectorHartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing
NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing
Allison Squires, PhD, RN, FAAN
Assistant Professor and Deputy Director
International Education and Visiting ScholarsNYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing
• What does the funder fund?
• Developing a relationship
• Population needs
• Credibility and fit of evidence
• Research plan must be complete, achievable and
match the specific aims.
The Basics
• Giving yourself enough time• Revise, Revise, Revise
• Multiple formal and informal peer reviews prior to
submission
• Proof reading, clarity and readability• White Space
• Not too many abbreviations
• Logical Flow
• Be aware of all necessary components/sections
• Budget
The Basics
nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 2
The Metta Foundation
http://www.mettafund.org
Cambia Health Foundation
http://www.cambiahealthfoundation.org
Examples
4/26/2016 4
Specific Aims:
Expressing the problem
and grant goals
Developed with Dr. Casey R. Shillam, PhD, RN-BC
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Executive Nurse FellowAssociate Professor
Associate Dean
University of Portland School of Nursing
Typically limited to one page
Heart of the matter – why reviewers
should care
Serve as a roadmap through the
proposal to include:• Research goal / purpose
• Specific aims statements
• Impact statement
Specific Aims
nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 3
• Never “done”
• Requires ongoing refinement
• As the proposal evolves, so will the aims
• Allow for modification as you write the
application
Specific Aims
Start with a Good Idea
Unique
Start with a Good Idea
Creative
nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 4
Start with a Good Idea
Exciting
Start with a Good Idea
Who will use the program or evidence?
Do you want to change practice in: • Your own clinical setting
• A community agency
• All primary care practices
• All senior centers
• Hospitals
• The world
Begin with the End in Mind
nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 5
Who are the stakeholders and decision makers that
will decide whether to use the program?
What is the context in which the intervention or
evidence will be delivered?
What are potential barriers and facilitators for
implementation
Who can deliver the program?
Begin with the End in Mind
The cornerstone of the entire
proposal
and
the most important page
of the proposal.
Specific Aims are:
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
•A clear purpose statement arises
out of a significant clinical problem
•Specific Aims address the stated
purpose
•Research questions and/or
hypotheses logically flow out of
purpose and aims
Specific Aims are:
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 6
Short, meticulously devised statement
that:
1) establishes the overall area of
concern;
2) arouses interest;
3) communicates information essential
to the reader's comprehension of what
follows.
The Problem Statement
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
Ensure the Problem Statement:
• demonstrates a precise
understanding of the problem
• clearly shows the focus
• positions the project within a wider
body of knowledge
• conveys the importance and
significance of the problem
• states the problem in terms of human
needs and societal benefits
The Problem Statement
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
As the population ages over the next 35 years, the number of persons with
dementia (PWD) is expected to almost triple from 5.2 million to 13.8 million with
each PWD having an average of 2.9 caregivers (both formal and informal). As
this population ages, more PWD will need to be treated by care teams in the
community, both due to patient and family preference, and to relative lack of
growth in long term care facility capacity compared to population growth.
Therefore, it is necessary to prepare community-based care teams to provide
care to this vulnerable population and improve outcomes.
The Problem Statement
nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 7
•A clear purpose statement arises out of
a significant clinical problem
•Specific Aims address the stated
purpose
•Research questions and/or hypotheses
logically flow out of purpose and aims
The Purpose Statement
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
Research
Questions/
Hypotheses
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
•Explicit statement
“The purpose of the research is....”
•Simple and brief (clarity)
•Two broad types of purposes - to
improve something or to understand
something
The Purpose Statement
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
Research
Questions/
Hypotheses
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
Aim for precision and simplicity
• What are you planning to do?
• Fit with aims of proposal
• "The purpose of this project is to
.....”
The Purpose Statement
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
Research
Questions/
Hypotheses
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 8
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the
Interprofessional Dementia Symptom Management at Home Program
(DSM-H) on improving interprofessional care in home healthcare (HHC)
agencies for PWD to significantly improve care quality, health
outcomes, and QOL for PWD and caregivers.
The Purpose Statement
•A clear purpose statement arises
out of a significant clinical problem
•Specific Aims address the stated
purpose
•Research questions and/or
hypotheses logically flow out of
purpose and aims
Specific Aims
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
Research
Questions/
Hypotheses
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
•Limit to 2-4 aims
•Use declarative statements
•Explain why the research matters
•Not be inter-dependent but
supportive of each other
Specific Aims
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
Research
Questions/
Hypotheses
Problem
Purpose
Specific Aims
nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 9
The specific aims of this blinded cluster randomized controlled clinical trial
to:
Aim 1: Measure the effects of the Dementia Symptom Management at
Home Program on pain, neuropsychological symptoms of dementia,
and caregiver rated quality of life in the person with dementia
receiving home healthcare.
Specific Aims
Significance
“The [positive] impact something
is likely to have on some other
thing”
This section highlights the need
that your project will address
What is Significance?
Russell and Morrison (2014)
SIGNIFICANCE
nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 10
• Part of Significance Section
• Details problem
• Information in the literature
• Subsections - specific details
Background
Funnel approach
• Start with broad overview /
epidemiological evidence / global
statistics
• Narrow it down to more specific
statistics and information
• Emphasize the gap you are
filling
After opening paragraph, create
subsections
Background Organization
B. SIGNIFICANCE
B.1. Background (general 1 or 2 paragraphs)
B.2. Importance
B.2.1. [Sub-topic 1]
B.2.2. [Sub-topic2]
Etc.
Example
nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 11
Expands on Specific Aims
section
Detail the gaps in the literature• Explain why it’s so important to fill
these gaps / how detrimental leaving
them will be
• Discuss the primary literature and
highlight how important the problem is• Describe how the project will improve
scientific knowledge and clinical practice
Should hint at innovation
Critical Analysis of the
Literature
Russell and Morrison (2014)
Start with a comprehensive literature search
• Current, salient literature (OK to include
historical seminal articles if very relevant)
• Be comprehensive
• Be critical, but diplomatic
• Create tables to analyze (for yourself/team
only)
• Clearly synthesize, don’t just repeat study
by study
Critical Analysis of the
Literature
•Conclude this area clearly describing the contribution your study
will make
•Make sure this links back to your objectives stated on the Aims
page• “The contribution of the proposed research is expected to…..”
Critical Analysis of the
Literature
Russell and Morrison (2014)
nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 12
Sample First Paragraph
Do’s and Don’ts
ROS
Don’t make
me do math!!!
11A. Significance and Background: An estimated 5.3 million Americans currently suffer from dementia
and over 450,000 new cases of Alzheimer’s disease occur annually, a figure expected to increase 35% by
203014. The Institute of Medicine 2008 report sounds the alarm regarding the lack of properly trained
clinicians in geriatrics, which directly effects our ability to provide patient-centered care to persons with
dementia15. The increase in this population is expected to overwhelm the healthcare system; the supply of hospital and long term care beds is not expected to be able to keep pace with the demand16. Thus, these
complex patients, many with dementia, will be forced to return to the community in sicker condition than
currently seen, after shorter lengths of stay in the hospital. This will place a great strain on HHC agencies
as they will be expected to take on care for many of these patients. However, while an estimated 36% (1.7
million) HHC patients currently have dementia18,19, many HHC providers lack even basic training in care
of persons with dementia due to a dearth of validated training programs. Clinicians often have a negative
view of this patient subset, and do not recognize that substantial evidence exists showing differences in
their care needs20-32.
Fixed Introduction Paragraph
Italicize
•Discuss big benefits and support with evidence (if exists)• Decreasing morbidity and mortality
• Improving QOL
• Etc.
Positive Impact / Outcome
nicheprogram.org • 2016 Annual NICHE Conference • Care Across the Continuum 13
•Start early! (3-6 months)
•Refer to the Aims page
•Create a bullet-point outline →
turn bullet points into
sentences
•Create a GANTT (timeline)
chart early
•Know the study section
members/foundation program
officers and their interests
Logistics
1. Does the project address an important problem or a critical barrier to
care in the field?
2. If the aims of the project are achieved, how will clinical practice be
improved?
3. How will the program be sustained after the funding has ended?
Questions to Answer
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