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“May the force be with you”
LeaderLeader CharacteristicsCharacteristics
SituationalSituationalRequirementsRequirements
Charismatic Charismatic relationship and relationship and
leadershipleadership
FollowerFollower CharacteristicsCharacteristics
High self-confidence Strong convictions about ideas
High energy and enthusiasm Expressive
Excellent communication Active image-building
High degree of respect and
esteem for the leader Loyalty and devotion to the
leader Affection for the leader High performance expectations Unquestioning obedience
Sense of actual or imminent crisis Perceived need for change Opportunity to articulate
ideological goal Availability of dramatic symbols Opportunity to articulate
followers’ role
Organizational life cycle (early and late)
Complex task No external reward available Flexible and organic structure Non-bureaucratic cultures
The most important early research on charismatic leadership was completed by Max Weber, who maintained that societies could be identified in terms of one of three types of authority systems: traditional, legal-rational, and charismatic.
Vision Rhetorical skills Image and trust building Personalized leadership
Crises Task Interdependence Innovation More Receptive to Change Organizational Downsizing
The Sociological Approach• 1. Extraordinary, almost magical talents• 2. Crisis situation• 3. Radical vision• 4. Followers• 5. Validation of leader through repeated
success
The Psychoanalytic Approach• Intense attraction• Regression
Transference Projection
What does this say for the followers and for positive leaders?
The Political Approach Types of charismatic leaders:
• Charismatic giants• Charismatic luminaries• Charismatic failures• Charismatic aspirants
Charismatic leaders increase their power:• Cultural myths• Public address• Concentric circles
The Behavioral Approach• Leader behaviors• Leader-follower relations• The situation
The Attribution Approach• 1. Possess a vision that is unique, but
attainable• 2. Act in an unconventional, counter-
normative way• 3. Personal commitment & risk• 4. Confidence & expertise• 5. Personal Power
The Communication Approach• Relationship builders• Visionaries• Influence agents
The Dark Side Differences in:
• Power• Vision• Relationship to followers• Communication• Ethics & Morals
Failures of vision Misarticulation of goals Poor management
Who are the charismatic leaders we can agree on?
And why?
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