29 ACQUISITION PROCESS. 29 SAFETY: RISK ASSESMENT: ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS:

29

ACQUISITION PROCESS

29

SAFETY:

RISK ASSESMENT:

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS:

29

TLO:

Define the Acquisition process as outlined IAWFM 23-1, and identify the three progressive

and interdependent steps involved.

29

ELO:

Identify the three steps of the Acquisitionprocess.

29

The acquisition process is a series of progressive and interdependent steps

( or actions):

29

Detection

LOCATION

IDENTIFICATION

*DIL

29

Target Search and Detection

Crew and Squad Target Search Techniques include:1. Ground Search Techniques

a. Rapid Scanb. Slow (50-meter) scanc. Detailed Searchd. Off-center vision method

Target detection is the discovery of any target such as personnel, vehicles, equipment, or objects of potential military significance on the battlefield. Target detection occurs during crew search as a direct result of observation.

29

RAPID SCAN

The rapid scan method is used to quickly detect obvious signs of enemy activity. It is usually the first method used

whether moving or stationary.

29

Rapid Scan

29

SLOW ( 50-METER) SCAN

If no targets are detected using the rapid scan, crew andsquad members conduct a more deliberate scan of the

terrain by using the ISU ( day or thermal mode) or binoculars. The slow scan is best used by the BC or gunner

when in a defensive position or from a short halt.

29

Slow ( 50 meter ) Scan

29

DETAILED SEARCH

If no targets are detected using the rapid or slow scan methods, crews should use the optics ( day and night) to

make a careful, deliberate search, while stationary or moving. This method is also used to search, in detail, smallareas or locations with likely or suspected avenues of enemy

approach.

29

Detailed Search

29

OFF-CENTER VISION METHOD

Used at night, without optics. Crew and squad members movetheir eyes in short, abrupt, irregular movements. At each

likely target area, they pause for a few seconds to detect atarget or any movement.

29

2. Air search techniques

a. Flat terrain scan

b. Hilly terrain scan

29

DETECTION CHALLENGES

Some targets are more difficult to detect than others.Soldiers must be well trained to detect and locate

targets. Some examples of detection challenges are:

29

FLAT TERRAIN SCAN

In flat terrain, crew and squad members search the horizon by moving their eyes in short movementsfrom object to object. More detail is seen this way

than with a continuous scan of the horizon.

29

HILLY TERRAIN SCAN

In hilly terrain scan, crew an squad members search the skybeginning just below the horizon and move upward. Crew and squad members us prominent terrain features as pointsof reference to ensure overlapping the areas of the search.

29

SEARCHING FLAT TERRAIN SEARCHING HILLY TERRAIN

SEARCHING FLAT TERRAIN SEARCHING HILLY TERRAIN

29

Ground and Air search tips!Initial scanning is done without optics.

While on the move, rapid scan is used continuously by the gunner.

BC sight extension should be covered when not in use.

Search key avenues of approach, wood lines and reverseslope firing positions.

29

TARGET SIGNATURES

Soldier signatures:-Foxholes-Broken vegetation-Footprints

Tracked vehicle signatures:-Vehicle tracks on the ground-Hot spots from heat/friction build up-Engine noise

Aircraft signatures:-Aircraft engine noise-Vapor trails

29

Peripheral targets ( targets on the edge of the field of view)

Targets that are camouflaged or in shadows

Targets that can be heard but not seen

Mirage effects caused by high temperatures and heat waves

Natural man made obstacles

Behavioral or physical deficiencies

DETECTION CHALLENGES cont.

29

THERMAL SIGHTSThere are five primary heat sources picked up by thermal

sights:

-Solar heat

-Fuel Combustion

-Friction

-Thermal reflections

-Body heat

29

TARGET LOCATION

Target location is the determination of where a target is on the battlefield. Locating a target occurs as a result of

observation and detection during crew search.

29

TARGET DIRECTION TECHNIQUESThe five most common target location methods arelisted below:

-Clock method

-Sector method

-Traverse method

-Reference point method

-Grid method ( * least preferred method )

29

TARGET IDENTIFICATION

Target identification is the recognition of a potentialtarget by type. This identification must determine

the target as friendly or enemy.

Target identification is made up in three areas:ClassificationIdentification

Discrimination

29

CLASSIFICATION

Classification is the process of categorizing targetsby types ( truck, tank, IFV). Soldiers quickly scanthe targets key recognition features, and then categorize it accordingly. Classification is the first step toward identification.

29

IDENTIFICATION

Once the target has been classified, it must be identified.

Identification is the positive determination of a targetby nomenclature or series ( T-80, scorpion series).

Identification does not determine whether or nota target is friendly or threat.

29

• SHOWN BELOW ARE A FEW EXAMPLES OF TARGET SILHOUETTES COMMONLY USED ON LIVE FIRE GUNNERY RANGES AS DESCRIBED IN TC 25-8.

• THESE TARGETS ARE TO ASSIST THE UNIT LEADERSHIP IN PREPARING THEIR CREWS FOR GUNNERY.

BMP - FRONTAL / FLANK

TRUCK - FRONTAL / FLANK

RPG OR ATGM TEAMPOINT TYPE TARGET

HIND SERIESHELICOPTER

DISMOUNTED TROOPSAREA TYPE TARGET

BRDM - FRONTAL

29

DISCRIMINATION

Discrimination is the determination that a target is either friend or threat. Although Russian equipmenthas been sold in large numbers worldwide, soldierscould find themselves facing British, French, andAmerican-made equipment. Soldiers must identify and discriminate a target before pulling the trigger!

29

Target Discrimination Techniques- Combat Identification panel. ( CIP’s) - BCIS (ODS models)

- Unit markings

-VS-17 panels

-Chemical lights

-Unit symbols

29

SESSION SUMMARY

29

TLO:

DEFINE THE ACQUISITION PROCESSIAW FM 23-1 AND APPLY THE THREESTEPS TO THE ACQUISITION PROCESS

29

ELO:

Identify the three steps of the Acquisitionprocess.

29

CHECK ON LEARNING?

29

ACQUISITION PROCESS