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Introducation to Critical Care Nursing
2014 – 2015
NUR 475DR. Samah Mohammed
• Introduction.• Define of critical care.• Define of Critical care unit.• Define of critical care nursing.• Define of critical care nurse.• Aim of critical care nursing.• Critical care nurse role responsibilities.
OUT LINES
INTRODUCTION
The intensive care unit is not merely a room or
series of room filled with patients attached
to interventional technology; it is the home
of an organization: the intensive care team.
• Definition of critical care : is term used to describe as care for patients who are extremely ill and whose clinical condition is unstable.
• Definition of Critical care unit: is a specially designed and equipped facility staffed by skilled personnel to provide effective and safe care for dependent patients with a life threatening problem.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. promote optimal delivery of safe and quality to the critically
ill patients and their families
2. care for the critically ill patients with a holistic approach,
biological, psychological, cultural and spiritual dimension
3. use appropriate and up – to –date knowledge, caring attitude
and clinical skills, supported by advanced technology for
prevention, early detection and treatment.
4. provide palliative care to the critically ill patients in situations.
AIM OF THE CRITICAL CARE
What are the condition considered as critical?
1. Any person with life threatening condition.
2. Sever shock
3. Heart block
4. Acute renal failure
5. Poly trauma ( multiple organ failure )
6. Sever burn
7. Any critical Abnormalities
1. New natal intensive care unit ( NICU).
2. Special care nursery ( SCN).
3. Pediatric intensive care unit ( PICU).
4. Psychiatric intensive care unit ( PICU).
5. Coronary care unit ( CCU).
6. Cardiac surgery intensive care unit ( CSICU)
7. Cardiovascular intensive care unit ( CICU)
Types of critical care
8. Medical intensive care unit ( MICU)
9. Medical surgical intensive care unit ( MSICU)
10. Overnight intensive recovery ( OIR).
11. Neurointensive care unit ( NICU).
12. Burn intensive care unit ( BICU).
13. Trauma intensive care unit ( TICU)
14. Shock trauma intensive care unit ( STICU)
Types of critical care
ICUS CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS
• Level I: This can be referred as high dependency is where close monitoring, resuscitation, and short term ventilation <24hrs has to be performed.
• Level II: Can be located in general hospital, undertake more prolonged ventilation. Must have resident doctors, nurses, access to pathology, radiology, etc.
• Level III: Located in a major tertiary hospital, which is a referral hospital. It should provide all aspects of intensive care required.
• Definition of Critical care nursing: defined as is
that specialty within nursing that deals specifically
with human responses to life-threatening problems.
• Definition of critical care nurse: defined as is a
licensed professional nurse who is responsible for
ensuring that all critically ill patients and their
families receive optimal care.
Definitions of terms
1. Priorities of patients.
2. Early detection and promote action.
3. Collaborative practice.
4. Communication : interpersonal,
intradepartmental
5. Crisis intervention and stress reduction.
6. Critical thinking.
Principles of critical nursing care
• to be consider in recruiting critical care nurses have:
1. Technical qualification
2. Educational background
3. Clinical experience
4. Have knowledge
Characteristic of Critical care nurse
1. Support and respect for the patients autonomy.
2. Helping the patient to obtain the necessary care.
3. Continuous monitoring.
4. Efficient individualized care.
5. Counseling and information to family.
6. Application of policy and procedure.
7. Record all activities.
8. Maintain infection control principles.
9. Keep update with advance information.
Critical Care Nurses Role Responsibilities
1. Quick review of patient identity, history, physical exam.
2. Be with the patient ask for help.
3. Place the patient with the suitable position.
4. Attach the cardiac monitor and call for crash cart.
5. Maintain ABC.
6. Introduce IV & CV line.
Protocol for managing emergency in ICU
7. Administered medication as needed
8. carry on investigation ABG, ECG, Urea,
Creatinine, Blood sugar, cardiac enzymes.
9. Maintain fluid balance
10.Record right things in right time.
Protocol for managing emergency in ICU
Intensive Care Team
1. Doctor2. Nurses3. Therapists4. Nutritionists
5. Environmental engineer
6. Interior designers
7. Staff nurses
8. Physicians
9. Patients
10.Families
• Forty years of development in critical care and
critical care nursing has given rise to a
recognized specialty in nursing practice .
• Critical care units have evolved over the last
four decades in response to medical advances .
The Evolution OF Critical Care
Bennett, D. et al. BMJ 1999;318:1468-1470
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