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8/3/2019 2011 Lake County Community Health Asessment
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The 2011 Lake County Community
Health Assessment
Developed by the Lake County General Health District
and made possible in part with funding from Lake Health.
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33 Mill St. Painesville, Ohio 44077Painesville: (440) 350-2543
Cleveland: (440) 918-2543Madison: (440) 428-4348 Ext. 2543
www.lcghd.org
Frank Kellogg, R.S., M.P.H., Health Commissioner
September 2011
The Lake County General Health District continually seeks to provide efficient, cost-effective, and evidence basedservices to the residents and communities within Lake County. The declining economic environment over the lastseveral years has led to an increased number of residents unable to access health services and a decrease in manycommunity based agency resources necessary to meet these needs.
The purpose of the Lake County General Health Districts 2011 Community Health Assessment is three fold; (1) Itallows the Health District to meet the current needs of the community, based on actual data, by providing servicesrelevant to our residents, (2) It allows prevention programs to be better tailored to specific populations (i.e., people
ages 35-45 versus people ages 65 and older), and (3) It allows us to utilize the data in preparing for federal and stategrants to support critical services in Lake County. Furthermore, there is an inherent benefit to conducting onecommunity health assessment, developed by multiple stakeholders, so that questions and results may be shared withcountless community based agencies and political leaders to help each of them make informed decisions.
Community health assessments are invaluable tools at both the state and local levels. Conducting healthassessments is a core function of public health and is included in the newly developed national accreditationstandards (Public Health Accreditation Board or PHAB standards). The systematic collection and analysis of healthand health-related dataprovides a basis for decision-making; the partnershipsthat are built and strengthened byimplementing a collaborative health assessment process enhance the community, providing multiple perspectives onhealth status, health needs, community assets, resources, and other determinants of health status.
The 2011 Community Health Assessment was conducted randomly both on-line and in hard copy to Lake Countyresidents. The large sample size was purposely collected in order to maximize the depth of analysis allowing theHealth District to analyze many responses based on age, race, gender, economic income, and residency. Thenumber of potential variables is virtually limitless and would be extremely difficult to present in a functional manner.Therefore, the following areas were determined to be the critical data sets as identified by the Community Health
Assessment Advisory Committee and are identified in the introduction to each section. The Health District highlyencourages both private and public sectors to utilize the following information to help improve, create, and prioritizetheir programming in order to promote and provide services that will improve the health of our Lake County residentsand reduce healthcare costs in the long term.
The Lake County General Health District would like to extend its gratitude to all of the community agencies andprofessionals who donated their time and resources to make this assessment a success, as well as, the residents of
Lake County who took the time to complete the survey and helped to be part of our efforts to improve services withinLake County.
Questions, comments, and requests for additional copies of the 2011 Community Health Assessment may bedirected to the Lake County General Health District at (440) 350-2543 or by visitingwww.lcghd.org.
Sincerely,
Frank Kellogg, R.S., M.P.H.Health Commissioner
Lake CountyGeneral Health District
http://www.lcghd.org/http://www.lcghd.org/http://www.lcghd.org/http://www.lcghd.org/http://www.lcghd.org/http://www.lcghd.org/http://www.lcghd.org/8/3/2019 2011 Lake County Community Health Asessment
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Submitted by
Jeff M Kretschmar, Ph.D.and
Thomas W. Brewer, Ph.D.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
The 2011 Lake County Community Health Assessment .......................................................... 7
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 7
Methodology ........................................................................................................................................... 8Survey design and construction .................................................................................................................. 8
Online survey specifications ......................................................................................................................... 8
Participant Eligibility ...................................................................................................................................... 9
Data Entry ............................................................................................................................................................ 9
Data Analysis Plan ............................................................................................................................................ 9
Data Weighting ............................................................................................................................................................. 10
Results ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
Demographics ................................................................................................................................................. 11
Quality of Life .................................................................................................................................................. 20
Community Problems and Issues ............................................................................................................. 25Physical Health ............................................................................................................................................... 41
Mental Health .................................................................................................................................................. 57
Immunization Assessment ......................................................................................................................... 72
Prescription Medication Assessment ..................................................................................................... 75
Healthy Living ................................................................................................................................................. 79
Family Health .................................................................................................................................................. 92
Preparedness ................................................................................................................................................ 106
Personal Health Attitudes ......................................................................................................................... 110
Community Health ....................................................................................................................................... 114
References .......................................................................................................................................... 122
Appendix A ......................................................................................................................................... 123
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THE 2011 LAKE COUNTY COMMUNITY HEALTH ASSESSMENT
INTRODUCTION
From October 2010 through January 2011, the Lake County General Health District, in
partnership with several local partners, conducted the 2011 Lake County Community
Health Assessment (LCCHA). The LCCHA was designed to gather important health-related
information from the residents of Lake County. The information collected allows
community agencies in Lake County to improve services by changing existing programs,
tailoring services to those most likely to need them, or creating new services or programs.
The participating agencies included:
Lake County General Health District Lake County Free Medical Clinic YMCA of Lake County Lake County Educational Service Center Lake County Catholic Charities Lake County Board of Developmental Disabilities Lake County United Way Lake County ADAMHS Board Lake County Department of Job and Family Services Mayors and Managers Association of Lake County Starting Point Lake County Council on Aging Family Planning Association Lake County Probate Court Lifeline, Inc. Lake Health System Lake County Juvenile Court
Lake-Geauga United Head Start, Inc.
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METHODOLOGY
SURVEY DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
The survey was designed to gather health-related information from Lake County residents.
Participating agencies submitted items for inclusion on the survey. Through an iterative
process, items were added, eliminated, and fine-tuned until there was consensus on a final
version. The final survey contained 72 questions, and depending on how the respondent
answered, there were often follow-up questions (111 total items).
The LCCHA was separated into the following sections: Demographics, Quality of Life,
Community Problems and Issues, Physical Health, Mental Health, Immunization
Assessment, Prescription Medication Assessment, Healthy Living, Family Health,
Preparedness, Personal Health Attitudes, and Community Health. While the majority of the
items asked respondents to select from one or more of the available options, there werealso several qualitative items.
The survey was administered face-to-face and online and was available in both English and
Spanish. Participant names were not associated with survey responses. Face-to-face
surveys were administered by two employees working with the Health District. The
employees canvassed populated areas in Lake County, including grocery stores, apartment
buildings, county agencies, churches, malls, school events, and libraries. Kiosks with
computers were set up in several Lake County agencies so that visitors to the agency could
complete the online version of the LCCHA.
Upon the completion of the survey, participants were asked if they wanted to be entered
into a drawing for one of several prizes, including a Nintendo Wii, iPod Shuffle, and a $50
gift card. If they wanted to be entered, they were asked to provide contact information in
the event they were chosen. This information was kept separately from their survey
responses for both face-to-face respondents and online respondents.
ONLINE SURVEY SPECIFICATIONS
The online version of the LCCHA was created using LimeSurvey, which is an open sourcemultifunction online survey tool. The software was hosted on an enterprise grade server
located in Columbus, Ohio. Backups were made of the data nightly to multiple, off-site,
locations which guarded against catastrophic failure. All communication between the
respondent computer and the server was encrypted using SSL (Secure Socket Layer)
technology. This is the same encryption protocol used by banks and other secure websites.
Although there was no identifying information supplied by respondents, we felt that the
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personal nature of questions demanded the added security. This was also done to reassure
respondents that the information they supplied was kept secure and used for legitimate
purposes only. The survey software itself had multiple security features built in as added
protection.
A separate Structured Query Language database was kept on an independent server, whichalso used SSL encryption, to collect personal information for the purposes of the drawing
for the optional prizes. The identifying information was incapable of being connected in
any way to the substantive responses.
PARTICIPANT ELIGIBILITY
Participation in the LCCHA was limited to Lake County residents 18 years of age or older. If
face-to-face, potential respondents were first asked if they were Lake County residents and
at least 18 years of age. If the individual answered no to either question, the survey was
not administered. The first two items of the online survey asked the same age and
residency qualifying questions. Only positive responses allowed the participant to move on
to the remainder of the survey.
DATA ENTRY
Employees of the Lake County General Health District entered data collected from face-to-face interviews. Data entry trainings were provided by Drs. Kretschmar and Brewer.County employees were provided with a "back door" in the survey software where theycould directly enter paper surveys into the database. This access still performed logic,
error checking, and other auditing functions to help ensure accurate recording ofresponses.
Data from online surveys were stored in a separate database. Upon completion of the datacollection period, both databases were exported into separate Statistical Package for theSocial Sciences files and then merged to create one complete database.
DATA ANALYSIS PLAN
All data were analyzed using SPSS 18 and are presented in sections corresponding to those
found in the survey. When possible, we present frequencies of survey respondents who
endorsed the item. At times, the overall percentage of respondents is presented whileother times we present the percentage for different groups, such as males and females or
other demographic characteristics (we examined residency (east/west/central) and found
little or no effect for most items, and therefore do not present these data for most items).
When possible, we compared data from the LCCHA to two similar health assessments: the
Center for Disease Control and Preventions Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
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(BRFSS) (2009) and the Ohio Family Health Survey (OFHS) (2010). While the OFHS (2010)
reports specific Lake County information, the BRFSS reports data for the Cuyahoga-Elyria-
Mentor metropolitan area. This reporting area includes Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain,
and Medina counties and therefore direct comparisons to Lake County cannot be made.
Since we have data from only a single sample, it is likely that the proportions found in thesample data would be different if we conducted the survey multiple times. In order to
account for the variations in these proportions, we provide 95% confidence intervals
around percentages when possible (the BRFSS used 99% confidence intervals, so when
comparing LCCHA data to BFRSS data, we also use 99% confidence intervals). A confidence
interval provides a range of values that is likely to contain the population parameter of
interest, in this case, a proportion of respondents who endorsed a particular item. If we
were to take 100 random samples with a 95% confidence interval for each sample, then we
would expect that for 95 of the 100 samples (95%), the range of values produced by the
confidence interval procedure would include the true mean of the population. Although weonly had a single sample, the confidence intervals allow us to be confident that the true
population proportion is within the range provided.
DATA WEIGHTING
Many times, the demographic characteristics of survey respondents do not mirror those of
the population from which the sample was drawn. Data weighting is a valuable procedure
used to adjust for these differences. A data weight is a multiplier that makes a given
respondent's contribution larger or smaller to compensate for intended or unintended
disparities between the sample and the population.
In order to create data weights, it is necessary to have accurate information about the
population characteristics. For example, it is common in survey research that females are
overrepresented in the sample. That is, females may represent 50% of the population but
account for 65% of survey responses. If the data are not weighted to account for this
overrepresentation, conclusions drawn from the data will be inaccurate.
In order to create weights related to sex, we must know two pieces of information: the
proportion of males and females represented in the survey sample and the proportion of
males and females in the population of interest (e.g., city, county, state, etc.). Specificallyfor the LCCHA, we needed to know the proportion of males and females aged 18 and over.
For this report, these data were obtained from the American Community Survey (U.S.
Census, 2009). While preliminary data from the 2010 U.S. Census has been released,
detailed demographic information was not available at the time of analysis.
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We examined several demographic characteristics of the sample and compared them to
data available for Lake County from the American Community Survey (2009). After
comparing the sample and population data, weights were created for sex, race, age, and
education level.
Weights were created separately and sequentially for each variable. That is, a weight wascreated for the variable for which the sample characteristic was most divergent from the
population data. In this case, that variable was sex. Once the sex weight was created, the
data were weighted using the sex weight variable and a frequency table was created for the
second-most divergent variable of interest (i.e. race). Once the race weight was created, we
multiplied the sex weight by the race weight and weighted the data by this new sex by
race weight. This process was repeated until all variables of interest were weighted once.
At that point, the data were weighted by the combined weight (composed of all four
weights) and the process started over. This process continued until the weighted
frequencies and the population frequencies remained constant. The resulting weight, orthe final weight, was used throughout this report.
RESULTS
DEMOGRAPHICS
The first section in the LCCHA contained 16 demographic questions. Because the data
presented in this section focus mainly on traditional demographic information related to
the sample (e.g. sex, age, race, etc.), most results are unweighted. Weighted data were used
throughout the remainder of the report.
2568 respondents participated in the 2011 LCCHA. Nearly three-quarters (73.8%, n =
1669) of the survey respondents were female while 26.2% (n = 593) were male (see Figure
1). According to the American Community Survey (ACS) (U.S. Census, 2009), females
(51.6%) slightly outnumbered males (48.4%) in Lake County. The average age of the
sample was 43.1 years old (n = 2237, SD = 14.75) and ranged between 18 and 93 years of
age. The ACS (2009) reported the average age in Lake County was 42.4 years, however this
estimate includes residents under 18 years old.
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Figure 1
In Lake County, 93.8% of the residents were Caucasian, 3.1% were African American, and
3.1% identified as one of several other races, including Asian, American Indian, or consider
themselves multiracial (ACS, 2009). LCCHA survey respondents were primarily Caucasians
(90.8%, n = 1961) and African Americans (6.3%, n = 137) (see Figure 2). While 3.7% of
Lake County residents are Hispanic or Latino (of any race), 6.7% of survey respondents
identified as Hispanic or Latino. Slightly over 10% (n = 229) of survey respondent
reported speaking another language at home. Of those who spoke another language at
home, the majority (75%) spoke Spanish.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Female Male
73.8
26.2%
Sex of Survey Respondents
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Figure 2
The majority of survey respondents were married (55.4%, n = 1232), single/never married
(22.4%, n = 499), or divorced (12.3%, n = 273) (see Figure 3). Similarly, the majority of
Lake County residents were married (51.2%), never married (28.3%), or divorced (11.8%).
When asked about the highest level of education attained, one-quarter (25.2%, n = 560) of
respondents selected high school diploma, 30.2% (n = 671) reported some college or
associates degree and 20.3% reported a Bachelors degree (see Figure 4). Over 11% of
respondents identified having a Masters, Doctoral, or Professional School (e.g. law school,
etc.) degree. The ACS used slightly different response options and provided estimates for
only those over 25 years old but in general, the survey sample reported slightly higher
educational attainment than the population estimates for Lake County.
0102030405060708090
10090.8
6.30.8 0.2 0.1 1.7
%
Race of Survey Respondents
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Figure 3
Figure 4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Married Single/never
married
Divorced Separated Domestic
partner
Widowed
55.4
22.4
12.3
3.4 2.4 4
%
Marital Status of Survey Respondents
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
6.6
25.2
6.6
30.2
20.3
9.1
1.3 0.8
%
Highest Level of Education Completed
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Over 20% (n = 435) of the respondents reported a household income of less than $14999
(see Figure 5). The next most common income response category was $50,000 - $74,999
(18.3%, n = 395). Nearly 13% (n = 276) of respondents reported an annual household
income of over $100,000. While the ACS provides estimates of household income for Lake
County, the manner in which they gathered this information differed from the LCCHA,
therefore comparisons are challenging.
The ACS prompted respondents with several specific questions designed to ensure
participants recalled all types of income, including benefits, social security income,
unemployment income, and retirement income. The LCCHA simply asked participants to
select the option that best reflected their total household income before taxes. Without the
prompting questions, it is possible that LCCHA respondents did not think to include all
forms of income, including social security income, in their household income estimates.
Therefore, data from the survey respondents likely underestimated the actual household
income as measured by the ACS (2009). While 20% of survey respondents reported ahousehold income of less than $14,999, the 2009 ACS estimates that 9% of Lake County
residents had a household income of $14,999 or less.
Figure 5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Lessthan$14999
$15 -$24999 $25 -$34999 $35 -$49999 $50 -$74999 $75 -$99999 $100 -$124999 $125 -$149999 Over$150000
20.2
13.6
11.2 11.8
18.3
12.1
6.7
3.3 2.7
%
Annual Household Income
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Participants were asked to identify their employment status and could choose more than
one option. The majority of respondents were employed full-time (42.8%, n = 1068) or
part-time (16.2%, n = 404). Over 12% (n = 311) of LCCHA participants identified
themselves as unemployed (see Figure 6). Comparably, the 2009 ACS estimated that 7.8%
of Lake County residents were unemployed.
Figure 6
0
5
1015
20
25
30
35
40
4542.8
16.2
3.75.6
7.7 6.7
0.12.9
12.5
1.8
%
Employment Status
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Nearly all (97.9%, n = 1221) of the respondents who completed the LCCHA online reported
they had access to the Internet for personal use. Over three-quarters (76.9%, n = 741) of
the participants who completed the paper version of the survey had access to the internet.
The most common uses of the internet were for communication (68.4%, n = 1756), news
(58.7%, n = 1508), and reading/recreation (55.7%, n = 1431) (see Figure 7).
Figure 7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
34.9
58.7
30.6
68.4
55.7
%
Common Uses of the Internet
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Participants were asked to identify their place of residence (see Table 1). Respondents
identified Mentor (16.7%), Painesville City (16.6%), and Painesville Township (10.0%)
most often, although 23 cities were represented.
Table 1
City Frequency
Concord 7.2% (n = 161)Eastlake 5.7% (n = 126)Fairport 2.2% (n = 49)Grand River 0.4% (n = 10)Kirtland 1.8% (n = 40)Kirtland Hills 0.2% (n = 5)Lakeline 0.1% (n = 1)Leroy Township 1.5% (n = 34)Madison Township 6.7% (n = 148)Madison Village 1.3% (n = 29)
Mentor 16.7% (n = 372)Mentor on the Lake 3.1% (n = 69)Painesville City 16.6% (n = 370)Painesville Township 10.0% (n = 223)Perry 5.2% (n = 116)North Perry 0.4% (n = 9)Perry Village 0.5% (n = 12)Timberlake 0.5% (n = 11)Waite Hill 0.1% (n = 3)Wickliffe 4.5% (n = 100)Willowick 4.4% (n = 98)Willoughby 8.6% (n = 192)
Willoughby Hills 2.1% (n = 46)Total 100% (n = 2224)
Nearly 4% (n = 84) of the survey sample reported being homeless at some point during the
past year (this number increased to 4.4% using the weighted dataset). Of those who
reported they were homeless in the past year, 33.7% (n = 28) were currently homeless. Of
those 28 participants, 18 provided information about where they slept the night before
they completed the survey. Slightly over 60% (n = 11) reported they slept at a friends
house, 22.2% (n = 4) slept outside, and 16.7% (n = 3) slept at a shelter.
Respondents were asked their height in inches and their weight in pounds. From this
information, we calculated Body Mass Index (BMI) using the standard formula: (weight in
pounds * 703) / height in inches2. The average BMI for the weighted sample was 28.4 (n =
1940, SD = 6.2). The range in BMI scores was between 13.8 and 56.1. The distribution of
BMI scores for the sample is found in Figure 8. According to the U.S. Department of Health
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and Human Services, scores below 18.5 are considered underweight, 18.5 24.9 is
considered normal, 25 - 29.9 is considered overweight, and 30 and above is considered
obese. The BMI for LCCHA survey respondents and for comparable samples from the Ohio
Family Health Survey (OFHS) and the BRFSS are presented in Table 2. It is important to
note that the BRFSS data are not calculated for a single county, but for groups of contiguous
counties. Data from Lake County are combined with data from Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lorain,
and Medina counties.
Figure 8
Table 2
BRFSS 2009 OFHS 2010 LCCHA 2010
Neither overweightor obese
34.0%(30.2 37.7)
(n = 358)
33.9%(24.4 43.0)
(n = 58)
31.5%(28.8 34.2)
(n = 611)Overweight 37.1%(33.3 40.8)(n = 392)
32.1%(22.8 41.1)(n = 55)
33.8%(31.1 36.6)(n = 657)
Obese 29.0%(25.2 32.7)(n = 299)
34.0%23.9 42.4)(n = 57)
34.7%(31.9 37.4)(n = 672)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0.2
4.8
26.5
33.8
21
9.3
2.51.1 0.6 0.1
6.5
27.4
32.1
21.8
9.2
0.8 0.31.9
%
BMI Score
BMI Scores
LCCHA
OFHS Lake County
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QUALITY OF LIFE
This section contained 9 items that asked respondents about how they see certain parts of
life in Lake County. Participants were asked to indicate their agreement with each of the 9
items on a five-point likert scale, with 1 corresponding to strongly disagree and 5
corresponding to strongly agree.
Over two-thirds of participants agree or strongly agree that the quality of health care in
Lake County is very good (see Figure 9), although slightly over one-third agree or strongly
agree that the cost of health care in Lake County is very good (see Figure 10). Over 60%
(CI: 60.1 65.1) of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that there are many options for
health care in Lake County (see Figure 11) and 67% (CI: 64.7 68.9) agreed or strongly
agreed that health care in Lake County is widely accessible (see Figure 12).
Over 80% (CI: 78.6 82.2) of those surveyed agreed or strongly agreed that Lake County is
a good place to raise children (see Figure 13) and 70% (CI: 68.1 72.2) agreed or stronglyagreed that Lake County is a good place to grow old (Figure 14). Slightly over 35% (CI:
33.0 37.3) agreed or strongly agreed that there is plenty of economic opportunity in Lake
County (Figure 15). Over 70% (CI: 70.1 74.8) of LCCHA respondents agreed or strongly
agreed that Lake County is a safe place to live (Figure 16) and over 60% (CI: 59.0 63.4)
agreed or strongly agreed that there is plenty of help for individuals and families during
times of need in Lake County (see Figure 17).
Figure 9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Stronglydisagree
Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
3.8 6.8
22.2
42
25.2
%
The quality of health care in Lake County is very good
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Figure 10
Figure 11
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
3540
Stronglydisagree
Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
8.4
16.3
38.6
27
9.6
%
The cost of health care in Lake County is very good
0
5
10
15
20
2530
35
40
Stronglydisagree
Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
6.68.7
21.8
39
23.8
%
There are many options for health care in Lake County
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Figure 12
Figure 13
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
4045
Stronglydisagree
Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
5.9 7.4
19.9
40.6
26.2
%
Health care in Lake County is widely accessible
0
5
10
15
20
25
3035
40
45
Stronglydisagree
Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
3.8 3.9
11.9
35.6
44.8
%
Lake County is a good place to raise children
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Figure 14
Figure 15
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
3540
Strongly
disagree
Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
4.16
19.6
35.3 34.9
%
Lake County is a good place to grow old
0
5
10
15
20
25
3035
40
Stronglydisagree
Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
11.4
16.5
37
24.9
10.3
%
There is plenty of economic opportunity in Lake County
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Figure 16
Figure 17
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
4045
Strongly
disagree
Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
3.5 4.9
19.1
44
28.6
%
Lake County is a safe place to live
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Stronglydisagree
Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
5.79
23.9
40.2
21.3
%
There is plenty of help for individuals and families during times ofneed in Lake County
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COMMUNITY PROBLEMS AND ISSUES
This section contained three items that asked respondents to pick the five most important
health problems facing Lake County, the top five unhealthy behaviors facing Lake County,
and the top five community issues that have the greatest effect on the quality of life in Lake
County. Table 3 provides results for the most important health problems facing Lake
County. Over half (53.4%, CI: 51.1 55.6) of all respondents identified adult obesity as a
top health problem. In addition to adult obesity, participants selected drug addiction
(44.4%, CI: 42.2 46.7), mental health (42.2%, CI: 40.0 44.5), child obesity (42.2%, CI:
40.0 44.5), and aging problems (39.9%, CI: 37.7 42.2) as the five most important health
problems in Lake County (see also Table 4 through Table 7 for these data by demographic
groups).
Table 3
Most important health problems facingLake County
Frequency
Adult obesity 53.4% (n = 1003)Drug addiction 44.4% (n = 835)Mental health 42.2% (n = 794)Child obesity 42.2% (n = 793)Aging problems 39.9% (n = 751)Alcohol addiction 39.8% (n = 748)Heart disease/heart attacks 33.9% (n = 637)Cancer 31.7% (n = 597)Teenage pregnancy 24.0% (n = 451)Diabetes mellitus 20.0% (n = 376)Arthritis 14.1% (n = 266)Motor vehicle accidents 13.2% (n = 248)Dental health 12.1% (n = 228)Sexually transmitted diseases 8.8% (n = 165)Autism 7.8% (n = 147)Asthma 7.0% (n = 132)Lung disease 7.0% (n = 131)Child developmental delays 6.4% (n = 120)Stroke 5.5% (n = 104)
Infectious/contagious diseases 5.2% (n = 97)Other injuries 3.8% (n = 72)Neurological disorders 3.5% (n = 66)HIV/AIDS 2.8% (n = 52)Gun-related injuries 2.5% (n = 47)Infant death 1.9% (n = 36)Kidney disease 1.6% (n = 31)Birth defects 1.6% (n = 30)Liver disease 1.1% (n = 22)
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Table 4
Most important healthproblems facing Lake County
18-35 years 36-53 years 54 years and over
Aging problems 15.8% (n = 77) 35.2% (n = 226) 59.7% (n = 448)Alcohol addiction 48.4% (n = 237) 45.1% (n = 289) 29.6% (n = 222)Arthritis 8.3% (n = 40) 8.1% (n = 52) 23.1% (n = 173)Asthma 8.9% (n = 43) 9.5% (n = 61) 3.7% (n = 28)Birth defects 2.5% (n = 12) 1.1% (n = 7) 1.5% (n = 11)Cancer 23.9% (n = 117) 30.9% (n = 198) 37.6% (n = 282)Dental Health 17.2% (n = 84) 12.6% (n = 81) 8.4% (n = 63)Diabetes mellitus 15.2% (n = 74) 18.5% (n = 119) 24.4% (n = 183)Drug addiction 50.5% (n = 247) 47.5% (n = 305) 37.7% (n = 283)Gun-related injuries 3.6% (n = 18) 1.9% (n = 12) 2.3% (n = 17)Heart disease 21.9% (n = 107) 31.6% (n = 203) 43.7% (n = 328)Autism 8.2% (n = 40) 8.4% (n = 54) 7.1% (n = 53)Infant death 5.8% (n = 28) 1.2% (n = 8) 0
Infectious/contagious diseases 6.6% (n = 32) 5.4% (n = 35) 4.0% (n = 30)Kidney disease 3.2% (n = 16) 1.3% (n = 9) 0.9% (n = 7)Liver disease 1.5% (n = 7) 1.6% (n = 10) 0.6% (n = 4)Mental health 45.0% (n = 220) 45.8% (n = 294) 37.4% (n = 280)Motor vehicle accidents 18.0% (n = 88) 12.0% (n = 77) 11.1% (n = 83)Neurological disorders 4.3% (n = 21) 2.2% (n = 14) 4.1% (n = 31)Other injuries 6.5% (n = 32) 2.8% (n = 18) 2.9% (n = 22)Adult obesity 48.0% (n = 235) 54.9% (n = 353) 55.5% (n = 416)Child obesity 43.5% (n = 213) 47.8% (n = 307) 36.5% (n = 273)Lung disease 5.7% (n = 28) 6.0% (n = 39) 8.6% (n = 64)Sexually transmitted diseases 17.7% (n = 87) 7.7% (n = 49) 3.8% (n = 29)HIV/AIDS 4.0% (n = 19) 3.0% (n = 19) 1.7% (n = 13)
Stroke 2.7% (n = 13) 4.8% (n = 31) 8.0% (n = 60)Teenage pregnancy 42.0% (n = 205) 20.9% (n = 134) 14.9% (n = 111)Child developmental delays 8.8% (n = 43) 8.3% (n = 53) 3.2% (n = 24)
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Table 5
Most important healthproblems facing Lake County
Caucasian AfricanAmerican
Other
Aging problems 41.1% (n = 723) 33.2% (n = 21) 12.0% (n = 7)Alcohol addiction 39.6% (n = 697) 47.6% (n = 30) 37.6% (n = 22)Arthritis 14.2% (n = 250) 16.1% (n = 10) 10.4% (n = 6)Asthma 6.6% (n = 115) 12.0% (n = 7) 15.8% (n = 9)Birth defects 1.6% (n = 28) 3.6% (n = 2) 0Cancer 32.4% (n = 570) 23.1% (n = 14) 21.7% (n = 12)Dental Health 10.9% (n = 192) 29.4% (n = 18) 31.6% (n = 18)Diabetes mellitus 19.4% (n = 341) 28.4% (n = 18) 30.0% (n = 17)Drug addiction 43.9% (n = 774) 51.3% (n = 32) 51.3% (n = 29)Gun-related injuries 2.3% (n = 41) 2.9% (n = 2) 6.9% (n = 4)Heart disease 34.7% (n = 661) 21.5% (n = 13) 22.1% (n = 13)Autism 8.0% (n = 141) 6.6% (n = 4) 4.4% (n = 3)Infant death 1.9% (n = 33) 2.9% (n = 2) 1.5% (n = 1)
Infectious/contagious diseases 4.7% (n = 82) 7.7% (n = 5) 18.0% (n = 10)Kidney disease 1.6% (n = 28) 2.4% (n = 2) 2.2% (n = 1)Liver disease 0.9% (n = 16) 5.9% (n = 4) 4.1% (n = 2)Mental health 42.3% (n = 745) 43.8% (n = 27) 39.1% (n = 22)Motor vehicle accidents 13.5% (n = 238) 4.5% (n = 3) 12.6% (n = 7)Neurological disorders 3.5% (n = 62) 5.7% (n = 4) 0Other injuries 3.8% (n = 67) 0 7.3% (n = 4)Adult obesity 54.0% (n = 950) 31.1% (n = 19) 58.8% (n = 34)Child obesity 42.8% (n = 754) 16.0% (n = 10) 51.4% (n = 29)Lung disease 7.2% (n = 126) 4.3% (n = 3) 3.9% (n = 2)Sexually transmitted diseases 8.1% (n = 143) 20.9% (n = 13) 15.1% (n = 9)HIV/AIDS 2.5% (n = 44) 3.8% (n = 2) 9.4% (n = 5)
Stroke 5.8% (n = 102) 2.5% (n = 2) 0Teenage pregnancy 23.7% (n = 417) 27.5% (n = 17) 28.2% (n = 16)Child developmental delays 6.5% (n = 114) 8.7% (n = 5) 1.9% (n = 1)
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Table 6
Most important health problems facing Lake County Male Female
Aging problems 36.8% (n = 369) 35.4% (n = 382)Alcohol addiction 36.0% (n = 362) 35.9% (n = 386)Arthritis 14.5% (n = 146) 11.1% (n = 120)Asthma 6.7% (n = 67) 6.0% (n = 65)Birth defects 1.4% (n = 14) 1.5% (n = 16)Cancer 30.2% (n = 303) 27.2% (n = 293)Dental Health 11.9% (n = 120) 10.0% (n = 108)Diabetes mellitus 18.8% (n = 189) 17.3% (n = 187)Drug addiction 41.0% (n = 412) 39.3% (n = 423)Gun-related injuries 1.3% (n = 13) 3.2% (n = 34)Heart disease 35.2% (n = 353) 26.4% (n = 284)Autism 6.4% (n = 64) 7.7% (n = 83)Infant death 2.0% (n = 21) 1.4% (n = 15)Infectious/contagious diseases 2.5% (n = 25) 6.7% (n = 72)
Kidney disease 1.3% (n = 13) 1.6% (n = 18)Liver disease 1.5% (n = 15) 0.6% (n = 6)Mental health 33.4% (n = 335) 42.6% (n = 459)Motor vehicle accidents 11.4% (n = 114) 12.4% (n = 134)Neurological disorders 4.1% (n = 42) 2.3% (n = 25)Other injuries 2.2% (n = 22) 4.6% (n = 50)Adult obesity 46.7% (n = 469) 49.6% (n = 534)Child obesity 39.7% (n = 399) 36.6% (n = 395)Lung disease 7.3% (n = 74) 5.3% (n = 57)Sexually transmitted diseases 9.1% (n = 92) 6.8% (n = 73)HIV/AIDS 3.0% (n = 30) 2.0% (n = 21)Stroke 5.7% (n = 58) 4.3% (n = 46)
Teenage pregnancy 18.2% (n = 183) 24.9% (n = 268)Child developmental delays 4.6% (n = 46) 6.9% (n = 74)
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Table 7
Most important healthproblems facing Lake County
$0-$34,999 $35k-$74,999 $75k and above
Aging problems 27.2% (n = 246) 44.9% (n = 269) 42.9% (n = 206)Alcohol addiction 43.0% (n = 389) 29.4% (n = 176) 31.9% (n = 153)Arthritis 16.0% (n = 145) 11.3% (n = 68) 7.1% (n = 34)Asthma 6.4% (n = 58) 7.3% (n = 44) 5.0% (n = 24)Birth defects 1.7% (n = 16) 1.3% (n = 8) 1.3% (n = 6)Cancer 24.2% (n = 219) 28.3% (n = 170) 37.3% (n = 179)Dental Health 15.4% (n = 139) 9.2% (n = 55) 4.4% (n = 21)Diabetes mellitus 16.4% (n = 148) 19.2% (n = 115) 22.0% (n = 105)Drug addiction 44.6% (n = 404) 34.4% (n = 206) 41.0% (n = 197)Gun-related injuries 3.3% (n = 30) 1.2% (n = 7) 1.5% (n = 7)Heart disease 26.0% (n = 235) 33.2% (n = 198) 36.2% (n = 174)Autism 6.6% (n = 59) 8.2% (n = 49) 6.3% (n = 30)Infant death 3.2% (n = 29) 0.8% (n = 5) 0
Infectious/contagious diseases 6.0% (n = 54) 3.7% (n = 22) 3.6% (n = 17)Kidney disease 2.2% (n = 20) 0.9% (n = 5) 0,7% (n = 4)Liver disease 1.7% (n = 16) 0.5% (n = 3) 0.5% (n = 2)Mental health 37.4% (n = 339) 39.5% (n = 237) 42.1% (n = 202)Motor vehicle accidents 13.1% (n = 118) 12.2% (n = 73) 9.8% (n = 47)Neurological disorders 2.8% (n = 25) 4.7% (n = 28) 2.6% (n = 13)Other injuries 4.4% (n = 40) 2.7% (n = 16) 3.0% (n = 14)Adult obesity 41.7% (n = 377) 54.1% (n = 324) 56.0% (n = 269)Child obesity 30.5% (n = 276) 42.7% (n = 255) 47.1% (n = 226)Lung disease 6.5% (n = 59) 3.9% (n = 23) 8.6% (n = 41)Sexually transmitted diseases 11.5% (n = 104) 4.5% (n = 27) 5.4% (n = 26)HIV/AIDS 3.6% (n = 33) 1.9% (n = 12) 1.0% (n = 5)
Stroke 5.1% (n = 46) 8.1% (n = 48) 1.9% (n = 9)Teenage pregnancy 26.5% (n = 240) 20.3% (n = 121) 13.5% (n = 65)Child developmental delays 5.8% (n = 53) 5.1% (n = 30) 6.6% (n = 31)
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The next item asked respondents to identify the top five unhealthy behaviors facing Lake
County (see Table 8 for overall data and Table 9 through Table 12 for data by demographic
group). Alcohol and drug abuse were by far the most commonly selected items, with over
60% (CI: 61.2 65.6 & CI: 61.0 65.4) of participants selecting these two options.
Rounding out the top five unhealthy behaviors were lack of exercise (46.7% CI: 44.5
49.0), poor eating habits (42.3%, CI: 40.1 44.5), and smoking/tobacco use (38.6%, CI:
36.4 40.8). Three out of the five top unhealthy behaviors were substance use-related
(alcohol, drugs, tobacco) while the remaining two items address lack of exercise and poor
eating habits. These data are consistent with the results from Table 3.
Table 8
Unhealthy behaviors facing Lake County Frequency
Alcohol abuse 63.4% (n = 1192)Drug abuse 63.2% (n = 1188)Lack of exercise 46.7% (n = 879)Poor eating habits 42.3% (n = 795)Smoking/tobacco use 38.6% (n = 726)Poor parenting 30.3% (n = 570)Domestic violence 28.7% (n = 539)Bullying 25.7% (n = 483)Not going to the doctor for yearly check-ups/screenings 24.9% (n = 469)Reckless/drunk driving 21.8% (n = 410)Having unprotected sex 21.1% (n = 397)Not going to a dentist for preventative check-ups/care 16.2% (n = 305)
Suicide 15.0% (n = 281)Violent behavior 11.6% (n = 218)Not using seat belts 11.4% (n = 213)Not getting immunizations to prevent disease 6.1% (n = 115)Not using child safety seats 5.8% (n = 110)Not getting prenatal care 3.3% (n = 62)
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Table 9
Unhealthy behaviors facing LakeCounty
18-35 years 36-53 years 54 years andover
Alcohol abuse 62.6% (n = 306) 63.1% (n = 405) 64.1% (n = 481)Drug abuse 65.2% (n = 319) 60.6% (n = 389) 64.1% (n = 480)Lack of exercise 42.0% (n = 205) 50.2% (n = 322) 46.9% (n = 351)Poor eating habits 33.5% (n = 164) 44.7% (n = 287) 46.0% (n = 345)Smoking/tobacco use 34.8% (n = 170) 38.1% (n = 245) 41.6% (n = 311)Poor parenting 29.9% (n = 146) 33.1% (n = 212) 28.2% (n = 211)Domestic violence 29.8% (n = 146) 26.6% (n = 170) 29.7% (n = 223)Bullying 26.4% (n = 129) 28.2% (n = 181) 23.1% (n = 173)Not going to the doctor for yearlycheck-ups/screenings
21.1% (n = 103) 27.0% (n = 173) 25.7% (n = 192)
Reckless/drunk driving 21.6% (n = 106) 21.8% (n = 140) 21.9% (n = 164)Having unprotected sex 33.0% (n = 161) 19.7% (n = 126) 14.5% (n = 109)Not going to a dentist for
preventative check-ups/care
16.8% (n = 82) 17.9% (n = 115) 14.4% (n = 108)
Suicide 16.5% (n = 81) 16.0% (n = 102) 13.1% (n = 98)Violent behavior 12.5% (n = 61) 13.4% (n = 86) 9.5% (n = 71)Not using seat belts 16.2% (n = 79) 6.6% (n = 43) 12.2% (n = 92)Not getting immunizations toprevent disease
5.6% (n = 27) 5.0% (n = 32) 7.4% (n = 55)
Not using child safety seats 8.3% (n = 41) 7.5% (n = 48) 2.7% (n = 21)Not getting prenatal care 4.6% (n = 23) 3.2% (n = 21) 2.5% (n = 18)
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Table 10
Unhealthy behaviors facingLake County
Caucasian AfricanAmerican
Other
Alcohol abuse 63.9% (n = 1125) 70.5% (n = 44) 40.1% (n = 23)Drug abuse 63.3% (n = 1114) 71.8% (n = 45) 52.2% (n = 30)Lack of exercise 47.6% (n = 839) 28.6% (n = 18) 39.3% (n = 23)Poor eating habits 42.4% (n = 747) 33.3% (n = 21) 48.4% (n = 28)Smoking/tobacco use 39.7% (n = 698) 31.7% (n = 20) 14.2% (n = 8)Poor parenting 30.4% (n = 536) 23.8% (n = 15) 32.7% (n = 19)Domestic violence 28.6% (n = 503) 37.4% (n = 23) 21.4% (n = 12)Bullying 26.0% (n = 458) 18.8% (n = 12) 22.1% (n = 13)Not going to the doctor foryearly check-ups/screenings
24.2% (n = 426) 35.6% (n =22) 35.5% (n = 20)
Reckless/drunk driving 22.3% (n = 392) 9.2% (n = 6) 20.4% (n = 12)Having unprotected sex 20.6% (n = 363) 33.5% (n = 21) 23.5% (n = 13)Not going to a dentist for
preventative check-ups/care
16.3% (n = 287) 13.7% (n = 8) 16.4% (n = 9)
Suicide 15.3% (n = 269) 6.8% (n = 4) 14.1% (n = 8)Violent behavior 11.3% (n = 199) 13.5% (n = 8) 18.3% (n = 10)Not using seat belts 11.1% (n = 196) 11.5% (n = 7) 17.8% (n = 10)Not getting immunizations toprevent disease
5.6% (n = 98) 4.0% (n = 2) 24.6% (n = 14)
Not using child safety seats 5.3% (n = 94) 6.8% (n = 4) 19.8% (n = 11)Not getting prenatal care 3.1% (n = 55) 2.6% (n = 2) 9.5% (n = 5)
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Table 11
Unhealthy behaviors facing Lake County Male Female
Alcohol abuse 60.1% (n = 604) 57.4% (n = 618)Drug abuse 59.2% (n = 594) 58.3% (n = 628)Lack of exercise 45.9% (n = 461) 40.5% (n = 436)Poor eating habits 42.9% (n = 430) 34.7% (n = 374)Smoking/tobacco use 39.5% (n = 396) 32.2% (n = 347)Poor parenting 28.1% (n = 282) 28.5% (n = 307)Domestic violence 27.0% (n = 271) 26.3% (n = 283)Bullying 20.9% (n = 210) 26.6% (n = 286)Not going to the doctor for yearly check-ups/screenings
25.9% (n = 260) 19.9% (n = 214)
Reckless/drunk driving 19.1% (n = 191) 22.2% (n = 239)Having unprotected sex 19.1% (n = 192) 20.8% (n = 224)Not going to a dentist for preventative check-ups/care
14.6% (n = 146) 15.5% (n = 167)
Suicide 11.5% (n = 115) 15.8% (n = 170)Violent behavior 10.3% (n = 103) 11.6% (n = 125)Not using seat belts 9.3% (n = 93) 12.4% (n = 134)Not getting immunizations to preventdisease
6.2% (n = 63) 5.3% (n = 57)
Not using child safety seats 3.6% (n = 36) 7.3% (n = 78)Not getting prenatal care 2.8% (n = 28) 3.2% (n = 34)
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Table 12
Unhealthy behaviors facing LakeCounty
$0-$34,999 $35k-$74,999 $75k and above
Alcohol abuse 60.8% (n = 550) 57.9% (n = 347) 57.6% (n = 276)Drug abuse 63.0% (n = 570) 55.1% (n = 330) 57.1% (n = 274)Lack of exercise 33.4% (n = 302) 47.5% (n = 284) 56.3% (n = 270)Poor eating habits 30.9% (n = 280) 41.6% (n = 249) 49.4% (n = 237)Smoking/tobacco use 32.4% (n = 294) 34.7% (n = 208) 42.3% (n = 203)Poor parenting 25.4% (n = 229) 33.7% (n = 202) 29.8% (n = 143)Domestic violence 31.1% (n = 281) 23.6% (n = 142) 19.3% (n = 93)Bullying 24.8% (n = 224) 26.1% (n = 156) 21.4% (n = 103)Not going to the doctor for yearlycheck-ups/screenings
23.0% (n = 209) 19.9% (n = 214) 25.0% (n = 120)
Reckless/drunk driving 22.9% (n = 207) 23.5% (n = 140) 16.2% (n = 78)Having unprotected sex 25.0% (n = 225) 18.2% (n = 109) 13.4% (n = 64)Not going to a dentist for
preventative check-ups/care
19.5% (n = 177) 21.1% (n = 127) 8.5% (n = 41)
Suicide 13.3% (n = 121) 14.3% (n = 86) 14.8% (n = 71)Violent behavior 12.9% (n = 117) 10.8% (n = 65) 8.8% (n = 42)Not using seat belts 16.0% (n = 144) 6.2% (n = 37) 8.6% (n = 41)Not getting immunizations toprevent disease
5.8% (n = 53) 4.5% (n = 27) 6.3% (n = 30)
Not using child safety seats 7.4% (n = 67) 4.5% (n = 27) 3.0% (n = 14)Not getting prenatal care 3.4% (n = 31) 2.5% (n = 15) 3.5% (n = 17)
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The final item in this section asked respondents to select the top five community issues that
have the greatest effect on the quality of life in Lake County (see Table 13). By a large
margin, the most commonly identified community issue was unemployment (59.4%, CI:
57.2 61.6). Slightly more than 41% (CI: 39.5 43.9) of LCCHA participants identified
affordable health services as the second most important community issue affecting quality
of life. The remainder of the top five community issues included: low income/poverty
(39.2%, CI: 36.9 41.4), inadequate health insurance (32.0%, CI: 29.5 34.1), and
unsupervised youth/children (26.8%, CI: 24.8 28.8). Table 14 through Table 18 presents
these data by demographic groups.
Table 13
Community issues that have the greatest effect on
quality of life in Lake County
Frequency
Unemployment 59.4% (n = 1117)Affordable health services 41.7% (n= 784)Low income/poverty 39.2% (n = 736)Inadequate health insurance 32.0% (n = 601)Unsupervised youth/children 26.8% (n = 504)Immigration 25.9% (n = 486)Homelessness 22.7% (n = 426)Availability of positive teen activities 19.6% (n = 368)Domestic violence 19.5% (n = 367)Dropping out of school 18.5% (n = 348)Child abuse 16.3% (n = 307)
Availability of healthier food choices 13.1% (n = 246)Lack of transportation options 12.5% (n = 224)Availability of child care 12.2% (n = 230)Parenting support 11.3% (n = 213)Availability of healthy family activities 11.2% (n = 210)Racism 10.6% (n = 199)Violent crime 8.7% (n = 164)Pollution 8.3% (n = 156)Animal control 8.0% (n = 150)Elder abuse 6.8% (n = 128)Unsafe, un-maintained roads 6.4% (n = 121)Lack of recreational facilities 6.3% (n = 118)
Availability of Medicaid providers 5.4% (n = 101)Lack of health care providers 3.1% (n = 58)Lack of culturally appropriate health services 2.3% (n = 43)Bioterrorism 0.8% (n = 14)
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Table 14
Community issues that havethe greatest effect on qualityof life in Lake County
18-35 years 36-53 years 54 years andover
Unemployment 56.1% (n = 274) 62.4% (n = 400) 59.1% (n = 443)Affordable health services 36.6% (n= 179) 40.6% (n= 260) 46.1% (n= 345)Low income/poverty 46.2% (n = 226) 44.6% (n = 286) 29.9% (n = 224)Inadequate health insurance 23.8% (n = 117) 30.8% (n = 197) 38.3% (n = 287)Unsupervised youth/children 28.9% (n = 141) 27.8% (n = 178) 24.6% (n = 184)Immigration 26.5% (n = 129) 25.0% (n = 161) 26.2% (n = 196)Homelessness 26.5% (n = 130) 23.6% (n = 152) 19.3% (n = 145)Availability of positive teenactivities
17.6% (n = 86) 23.8% (n = 153) 17.3% (n = 130)
Domestic violence 17.8% (n = 87) 16.8% (n = 108) 22.9% (n = 171)Dropping out of school 23.6% (n = 115) 12.4% (n = 80) 20.3% (n = 152)Child abuse 22.7% (n = 111) 12.5% (n = 80) 15.4% (n = 116)
Availability of healthier foodchoices 14.3% (n = 70) 16.3% (n = 105) 9.6% (n = 72)
Lack of transportationoptions
8.1% (n = 40) 11.4% (n = 73) 16.2% (n = 121)
Availability of child care 15.5% (n = 76) 11.0% (n = 71) 11.2% (n = 84)Parenting support 12.2% (n = 60) 12.8% (n = 82) 9.5% (n = 71)Availability of healthy familyactivities
14.1% (n = 69) 11.2% (n = 72) 9.2% (n = 69)
Racism 15.5% (n = 76) 11.4% (n = 73) 6.8% (n = 51)Violent crime 8.8% (n = 43) 11.0% (n = 71) 6.7% (n = 50)Pollution 9.6% (n = 47) 7.8% (n = 50) 7.8% (n = 59)Animal control 7.9% (n = 39) 6.6% (n = 42) 9.2% (n = 69)
Elder abuse 4.5% (n = 22) 4.7% (n = 30) 10.1% (n = 76)Unsafe, un-maintained roads 6.9% (n = 34) 5.6% (n = 36) 6.8% (n = 51)Lack of recreational facilities 9.4% (n = 46) 8.0% (n = 51) 2.7% (n = 20)Availability of Medicaidproviders
7.0% (n = 34) 4.0% (n = 26) 5.5% (n = 41)
Lack of health care providers 2.4% (n = 12) 2.6% (n = 17) 4.0% (n = 30)Lack of culturally appropriatehealth services
2.5% (n = 12) 2.1% (n = 13) 2.4% (n = 18)
Bioterrorism 0.6% (n = 3) 1.3% (n = 8) 0.4% (n = 3)
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Table 15
Community issues that have thegreatest effect on quality of lifein Lake County
Caucasian AfricanAmerican
Other
Unemployment 60.5% (n = 1065) 44.8% (n = 28) 43.0% (n = 25)Affordable health services 42.2% (n= 744) 37.4% (n= 23) 30.8% (n= 18)Low income/poverty 39.3% (n = 693) 40.8% (n = 25) 31.6% (n = 18)Inadequate health insurance 32.0% (n = 564) 24.3% (n =15) 38.6% (n = 22)Unsupervised youth/children 27.4% (n = 483) 18.5% (n = 11) 16.2% (n = 9)Immigration 26.0% (n = 459) 17.3% (n = 11) 29.3% (n = 17)Homelessness 21.8% (n = 383) 46.4% (n = 29) 24.8% (n = 14)Availability of positive teenactivities
20.0% (n = 353) 21.2% (n = 13) 3.9% (n = 2)
Domestic violence 20.1% (n = 354) 11.6% (n = 7) 9.3% (n = 5)Dropping out of school 18.8% (n = 330) 15.8% (n = 10) 13.2% (n = 8)Child abuse 16.8% (n = 295) 8.8% (n = 5) 11.1% (n = 6)
Availability of healthier foodchoices 13.0% (n = 229) 17.3% (n = 11) 12.0% (n = 7)
Lack of transportation options 12.7% (n = 224) 10.1% (n = 6) 8.0% (n = 5)Availability of child care 11.9% (n = 209) 19.6% (n = 12) 15.1% (n = 9)Parenting support 11.7% (n = 205) 6.3% (n = 4) 6.3% (n = 4)Availability of healthy familyactivities
11.4% (n = 200) 5.6% (n = 3) 10.5% (n = 6)
Racism 9.3% (n = 163) 28.2% (n = 17) 33.1% (n = 19)Violent crime 8.9% (n = 157) 3.7% (n = 2) 8.3% (n = 5)Pollution 8.4% (n = 147) 5.8% (n = 4) 7.9% (n = 5)Animal control 7.0% (n = 124) 20.6% (n = 13) 22.2% (n =13)Elder abuse 6.9% (n = 122) 7.1% (n = 4) 3.4% (n = 2)
Unsafe, un-maintained roads 6.1% (n = 107) 11.6% (n = 7) 10.9% (n = 6)Lack of recreational facilities 5.9% (n = 104) 14.1% (n = 9) 9.2% (n = 5)Availability of Medicaidproviders
5.4% (n = 96) 3.5% (n = 2) 5.9% (n = 3)
Lack of health care providers 2.9% (n = 51) 10.4% (n = 6) 1.1% (n = 1)Lack of culturally appropriatehealth services
2.2% (n = 38) 3.6% (n = 2) 4.7% (n = 3)
Bioterrorism 0.7% (n = 13) 1.6% (n = 1) 1.0% (n = 1)
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Table 16
Community issues that have the greatest effecton quality of life in Lake County
Male Female
Unemployment 54.5% (n = 547) 55.5% (n = 598)Affordable health services 40.5% (n= 407) 37.0% (n= 399)Low income/poverty 33.9% (n = 340) 39.1% (n = 421)Inadequate health insurance 29.5% (n = 296) 29.7% (n = 319)Unsupervised youth/children 25.4% (n = 255) 24.7% (n = 266)Immigration 29.0% (n = 291) 19.2% (n = 206)Homelessness 19.8% (n = 199) 22.1% (n = 238)Availability of positive teen activities 16.0% (n = 161) 19.9% (n = 214)Domestic violence 19.5% (n = 196) 16.6% (n = 179)Dropping out of school 18.0% (n = 181) 16.5% (n = 178)Child abuse 14.2% (n = 143) 15.9% (n = 171)Availability of healthier food choices 12.1% (n = 121) 12.0% (n = 129)Lack of transportation options 8.5% (n = 86) 14.1% (n = 151)
Availability of child care 9.9% (n = 99) 12.7% (n = 137)Parenting support 9.2% (n = 92) 11.7% (n = 126)Availability of healthy family activities 10.4% (n = 105) 10.3% (n = 111)Racism 12.4% (n = 125) 7.8% (n = 84)Violent crime 8.6% (n = 86) 7.8% (n = 84)Pollution 7.7% (n = 78) 7.6% (n = 82)Animal control 8.8% (n = 88) 6.1% (n = 66)Elder abuse 7.3% (n = 74) 5.0% (n = 54)Unsafe, un-maintained roads 6.8% (n = 69) 5.1% (n = 55)Lack of recreational facilities 5.7% (n = 57) 6.0% (n = 64)Availability of Medicaid providers 4.2% (n = 42) 5.9% (n = 64)Lack of health care providers 2.6% (n = 27) 3.0% (n = 33)
Lack of culturally appropriate health services 2.4% (n = 24) 2.1% (n = 22)Bioterrorism 1.1% (n = 11) 0.4% (n = 5)
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Table 17
Community issues that havethe greatest effect onquality of life in LakeCounty
East Central West
Unemployment 58.8% (n = 142) 60.5% (n = 617) 59.4% (n = 346)Affordable health services 41.7% (n= 100) 41.9% (n= 428) 41.5% (n= 242)Low income/poverty 42.7% (n = 103) 40.6% (n = 415) 35.1% (n = 204)Inadequate healthinsurance
42.4% (n = 102) 29.0% (n =296) 32.8% (n = 191)
Unsupervisedyouth/children
30.9% (n = 74) 25.0% (n = 255) 28.7% (n = 167)
Immigration 27.2% (n = 65) 29.2% (n = 298) 19.6% (n = 114)Homelessness 19.1% (n = 46) 27.9% (n = 285) 14.3% (n = 83)Availability of positive teenactivities
19.4% (n = 47) 21.0% (n = 214) 17.9% (n = 105)
Domestic violence 16.4% (n = 40) 18.7% (n = 190) 22.6% (n = 132)Dropping out of school 10.7% (n = 26) 19.9% (n = 203) 20.2% (n = 118)Child abuse 14.2% (n = 34) 14.5% (n = 148) 20.7% (n = 120)Availability of healthierfood choices
10.0% (n = 24) 13.1% (n = 134) 14.4% (n = 84)
Lack of transportationoptions
17.1% (n = 41) 13.0% (n = 133) 9.6% (n = 56)
Availability of child care 15.6% (n = 38) 11.6% (n = 118) 12.2% (n = 71)Parenting support 14.4% (n = 35) 11.1% (n = 113) 10.3% (n = 60)Availability of healthyfamily activities
12.9% (n = 31) 10.4% (n = 106) 12.2% (n = 71)
Racism 7.7% (n = 19) 12.1% (n = 124) 9.2% (n = 54)
Violent crime 10.4% (n = 25) 8.2% (n = 84) 8.8% (n = 51)Pollution 9.8% (n = 24) 7.7% (n = 78) 9.1% (n = 53)Animal control 5.0% (n = 12) 7.6% (n = 78) 9.7% (n =57)Elder abuse 3.2% (n = 8) 6.0% (n = 61) 10.0% (n = 58)Unsafe, un-maintainedroads
4.2% (n = 10) 5.1% (n = 52) 8.7% (n = 51)
Lack of recreationalfacilities
9.8% (n = 24) 7.0% (n = 72) 3.6% (n = 21)
Availability of Medicaidproviders
11.1% (n = 27) 4.1% (n = 42) 5.4% (n = 32)
Lack of health careproviders
4.1% (n = 10) 2.4% (n = 24) 3.4% (n = 20)
Lack of culturallyappropriate health services
1.2% (n = 3) 2.1% (n = 22) 3.2% (n = 19)
Bioterrorism 1.1% (n = 3) 0.5% (n = 5) 1.1% (n = 7)
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Table 18
Community issues that have thegreatest effect on quality of lifein Lake County
$0-$34,999 $35k-$74,999 $75k and above
Unemployment 53.2% (n = 481) 56.8% (n = 340) 55.2% (n = 265)Affordable health services 37.5% (n= 340) 40.5% (n= 242) 40.1% (n= 193)Low income/poverty 41.4% (n = 375) 34.7% (n = 208) 30.2% (n = 145)Inadequate health insurance 29.3% (n = 265) 32.2% (n = 193) 28.4% (n = 136)Unsupervised youth/children 22.2% (n = 201) 28.8% (n = 172) 28.0% (n = 135)Immigration 23.0% (n = 208) 24.7% (n = 148) 27.0% (n = 129)Homelessness 29.2% (n = 264) 15.0% (n = 90) 13.5% (n = 65)Availability of positive teenactivities
13.6% (n = 123) 23.2% (n = 139) 21.5% (n = 103)
Domestic violence 18.5% (n = 168) 20.2% (n = 121) 14.9% (n = 72)Dropping out of school 20.5% (n = 186) 15.6% (n = 93) 12.8% (n = 61)Child abuse 18.1% (n = 164) 13.2% (n = 79) 12.0% (n = 58)
Availability of healthier foodchoices 10.4% (n = 94) 13.2% (n = 79) 14.7% (n = 70)
Lack of transportation options 11.9% (n = 108) 11.6% (n = 69) 10.5% (n = 50)Availability of child care 12.2% (n = 110) 9.4% (n = 57) 11.3% (n = 54)Parenting support 9.6% (n = 87) 10.2% (n = 61) 13.2% (n = 63)Availability of healthy familyactivities
9.8% (n = 89) 8.9% (n = 53) 14.2% (n = 68)
Racism 12.7% (n = 114) 6.6% (n = 40) 9.5% (n = 46)Violent crime 10.1% (n = 91) 6.4% (n = 38) 7.4% (n = 36)Pollution 7.1% (n = 64) 7.6% (n = 82) 9.9% (n = 47)Animal control 10.9% (n = 98) 6.5% (n = 39) 3.2% (n = 15)Elder abuse 5.8% (n = 53) 7.0% (n = 42) 6.4% (n = 31)
Unsafe, un-maintained roads 6.9% (n = 62) 4.9% (n = 30) 5.9% (n = 28)Lack of recreational facilities 6.3% (n = 57) 4.5% (n = 27) 7.4% (n = 36)Availability of Medicaidproviders
6.7% (n = 61) 4.3% (n = 26) 3.8% (n = 18)
Lack of health care providers 3.6% (n = 33) 2.6% (n = 16) 1.5% (n = 7)Lack of culturally appropriatehealth services
2.3% (n = 20) 1.8% (n = 11) 1.7% (n = 8)
Bioterrorism 0.5% (n = 5) 1.5% (n = 9) 0.3% (n = 2)
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PHYSICAL HEALTH
The physical health section asked questions related to general health, medical and dental
insurance coverage, barriers to health care, and the types of health care participants have
accessed. When possible, comparison data from the BRFSS and OFHS are provided.
Participants were asked about their general health on a five-point likert scale (see Figure
18). Over two-thirds of respondents reported that their general health was either very
healthy (15.0%, CI: 13.4 16.6) or healthy (48.3%, CI: 46.0 50.5) and nearly one-third
reported that they were somewhat healthy (30.5%, CI: 28.4 32.5). The BRFSS and OFHS
use slightly different response options, so direct comparisons are not possible. Figure 19
displays the general health data for both the BRFSS and OFHS.
Figure 18
0
5
1015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Very healthy Healthy Somewhat healthy
Unhealthy Very unhealthy
15
48.3
30.5
5.9
0.4
%
General Health
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Figure 19
When asked about health insurance, 86.9% (n = 1668, CI: 85.4 88.4) of respondents
reported having coverage (see Figure 20). Data from the 2009 BRFSS estimated that 90.4%
of residents had health insurance while the OFHS estimated that 89.2% of Lake County
residents had health insurance. More Caucasian females (90.0%, CI: 88.1 91.9) reported
having health insurance than any other group. While over 84% of Caucasian females,
Caucasian males, and non-Caucasian females reported having health insurance, only 67.8%
(CI: 58.0 77.6) of non-Caucasian males had health insurance (see Figure 21).
Figure 20
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor
18.8
39.7
27
11.6
2.8
23.1
29.831.2
11
4.8
%
General Health from the BRFSS and OFHS
BRFSS
OFHS
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Yes No
86.9
13.1
%
Do you have health insurance?
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Figure 21
Of those who had insurance, over half the respondents had private insurance provided
either through their employer (45.3%, CI: 42.9 47.7) or another entity (6.3%, CI: 5.1
7.5) (see Figure 22). Over 20% (CI: 19.7 23.8) reported insurance through Medicare and
another 13.7% (CI: 12.0 15.3) identified their insurance as Medicaid. Nearly 70% (69.1%,
CI: 66.9 71.4) of those with health insurance reported that dental insurance was included
in their insurance plan.
Figure 22
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
CaucasianFemales
Non-CaucasianFemales
Caucasian Males Non-CaucasianMales
9084.4 85.5
67.8
1015.6 14.5
32.2%
Do you have health insurance?
Yes
No
05
101520253035404550
13.7
21.7
45.3
6.31.3
7.611
0.6
%
What type of insurance do you have?
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Nearly 83% (CI: 80.8 84.2) of participants reported having a primary care physician (see
Figure 23). Those without a primary care physician were asked to identify the reasons
they did not have one (see Figure 24). Of the 208 individuals who provided an answer,
57.2% (CI: 50.5 63.9) reported they had no primary care physician because they did not
have insurance. Nearly 20% (CI: 13.9 24.6) stated they did not know where to go, and
nearly 13% (CI: 8.4 17.6) reported the share of the cost was too high. Table 19 presents
these data by demographic groups.
Figure 23
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Yes No
82.5
17.5
%
Do you have a primary care physician?
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Table 19
Do you have a primary care physician? Yes
Age18-35 years 67.0% (n = 334)36-53 years 81.1% (n = 526)
54 years and over 94.2% (n = 43)
RaceCaucasian 84.0% (n = 1492)
African American 70.0% (n = 42)Other 47.4% (n = 25)
SexMale 78.8% (n = 717)
Female 86.0% (n = 843)
ResidencyEast 86.8% (n = 211)Central 78.5% (n = 801)
West 87.1% (n = 518)
Household income*$0-$34,999 71.1% (n = 590)
$35k-$74,999 90.4% (n = 495)$75k and above 93.6% (n = 405)
Figure 24
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Share ofcost too
high
Wouldn'ttake
insurance
Didn'tknow
where togo
Significantwait
Don't haveinsurance
No way toget there
Couldn'tget appt
13
4.3
19.2
2.4
57.2
2.9 1
%
Why do you not have a primary care physician?
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Participants were asked where they get most of their health and illness-related information
or advice (see Figure 25). Over half of respondents got their information from health care
providers (55.3%, CI: 52.9 57.6), 16.3% (CI: 14.5 18.0) from the internet, and 15.2% (CI:
14.5 18.0) from family and friends. Just over 4% got their information from books (4.3%,
CI: 3.3 5.2) or the hospital (4.1%, CI: 3.1 5.0). Table 20 and Table 21display these data
by demographic groups.
Figure 25
Table 20
Caucasian African American Other
Family and friends 14.7% (n = 239) 17.7% (n = 10) 27.0% (n = 15)Health care provider 56.2% (n = 911) 48.0% (n = 26) 37.3% (n = 21)Internet 16.9% (n = 274) 6.6% (n = 4) 7.0% (n = 4)Pharmacist 1.8% (n = 29) 2.0% (n = 1) 10.8% (n = 6)Health Department 1.1% (n = 18) 4.2% (n = 2) 9.5% (n = 5)Help lines 0.1% (n = 2) 0 0Books/magazines 4.3% (n = 69) 6.3% (n = 3) 2.1% (n = 1)Complimentary medicineprovider
0.6% (n = 10) 0 0
Hospital 3.7% (n = 60) 12.8% (n = 7) 5.2% (n = 3)School 0.5% (n = 8) 0 0Church 0 1.8% (n = 1) 1.1% (n = 1)
0
10
2030
40
50
60
15.2
55.3
16.3
2.1 1.5 0.14.3
0.64.1
0.5 0.1
%
Where do you get most of your health and illness-relatedinformation?
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Table 21
$0-$34,999 $35k-$74,999 $75k and above
Family and friends 20.4% (n = 151) 10.7% (n = 55) 11.1% (n = 45)Health care provider 43.8% (n = 323) 63.8% (n = 328) 64.8% (n = 266)Internet 14.9% (n = 110) 16.5% (n = 85) 18.5% (n = 76)Pharmacist 4.2% (n = 31) 0.3% (n = 2) 0.6% (n = 2)Health Department 2.6% (n = 19) 0.8% (n = 4) 0.3% (n = 1)Help lines 0.2% (n = 1) 0.1% (n = 1) 0Books/magazines 4.6% (n = 34) 4.8% (n = 25) 3.4% (n = 14)Complimentary medicineprovider
1.0% (n = 7) 0.3% (n = 2) 0.2% (n = 1)
Hospital 7.2% (n = 53) 2.4% (n = 12) 0.9% (n = 4)School 0.9% (n = 7) 0.2% (n = 1) 0Church 0.2% (n = 2) 0 0.2% (n = 1)
The next item asked respondents to identify where they go most often when they are sick
(see Figure 26). The vast majority of participants went to a doctor (72.4%, CI: 70.4 74.5),
a medical clinic (9.9%, CI: 8.5 11.3), or an urgent care center (7.7, CI: 6.4 8.9).
Figure 26
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80 72.4
3.7 1.37.7
1 1.99.9
0.2 2
%
Where do you go most often when you are sick?
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Over one-quarter (CI: 24.5 30.1) of females reported that they had been pregnant with an
unexpected pregnancy (see Figure 27). Table 22 presents these data by demographic
group.
Figure 27
Table 22
Have you ever been pregnant with an
unexpected pregnancy?
Yes
Age18-35 years 41.5% (n = 131)36-53 years 24.9% (n = 94)
54 years and over 16.6% (n = 63)
RaceCaucasian 26.8% (n = 271)
African American 31.0% (n =9)Other 28.1% (n = 9)
Household income
$0-$34,999 33.9% (n = 179)$35k-$74,999 23.9% (n = 74)
$75k and above 15.4% (n = 30)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Yes No
27.2
72.6
%
Have you ever been pregnant with an unexpected pregnancy?
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Just over 18% (CI: 16.5 20.0) of participants reported having problems getting the health
care that they or a family member needed in the past 12 months. Of those who had
problems accessing health care, 33.6% (CI: 28.8 38.7) said the problems were caused by a
lack of health insurance and 31.0% (CI: 26.0 35.7) reported that insurance did not cover
what was needed (see Figure 28). Nearly 27% (CI: 22.1 31.5) said that they could not
afford the medication prescribed and 21.9% (CI: 17.6 26.3) reported that the share of the
cost was too high. Table 23 presents these data by demographic groups and Table 24
displays barriers to health care based on insurance type.
Table 23
In the past 12 months, have you had a problemgetting the healthcare you needed for you or a
family member?
Yes
Age18-35 years 21.6% (n = 109)36-53 years 23.2% (n = 151)
54 years and over 11.6% (n = 87)
RaceCaucasian 17.7% (n = 316)
African American 25.0% (n =15)Other 25.7% (n = 16)
Household income
$0-$34,999 26.1% (n = 222)$35k-$74,999 15.8% (n = 86)$75k and above 7.9% (n = 35)
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Figure 28
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35 31
21.9
12
26.9
11.112.9 12.5
7.4 7.13.3
33.6
%
Barriers to Health Care
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Table 24
Barriers tohealth care
Medicaid Medicare Private(employer)
Private(non-employer)
COBRA HMO PPO
Insurancedidnt cover
what wasneeded
42.5%(n = 23)
29.6%(n = 13)
31.8%(n = 25)
32.4%(n = 6)
0 38.3%(n = 6)
19.2%(n = 3)
Share of thecost was toohigh
14.0%(n = 8)
41.6%(n = 18)
27.2%(n = 22)
35.0%(n = 7)
100%(n = 2)
24.7%(n = 4)
6.7%(n = 1)
Doctorwouldnt take
myinsurance/Medicaid
34.4%(n = 19)
2.7%(n = 1)
10.1%(n = 8)
9.2%(n = 2)
0 18.9%(n = 3)
4.4%(n = 1)
Could notafford themedicationsas prescribed
22.2%(n = 12) 38.3%(n = 17) 19.5%(n = 16) 21.0%(n = 4) 100%(n = 2) 2.4%(n = 1) 14.4%(n = 2)
Significantwaitingperiod
15.6%(n = 9)
12.4%(n = 5)
15.7%(n = 13)
17.9%(n = 3)
0 24.0%(n = 4)
19.0%(n = 3)
Could not getanappointment
11.7%(n = 6)
13.2%(n = 6)
19.9%(n = 16)
33.2%(n = 6)
0 3.7%(n = 1)
29.0%(n = 4)
Did not knowwhere to go
5.5%(n = 3)
6.1%(n = 3)
5.4%(n = 4)
0 0 3.5%(n = 1)
10.7%(n = 1)
Did not havea way to getthere
14.1%(n = 8) 3.6%(n = 2) 2.3%(n = 2) 0 0 0 0
Hospitalwouldnt takemy insurance
3.0%(n = 2)
7.2%(n = 3)
3.5%(n = 3)
0 0 5.0%(n = 1)
0
Did not havehealthinsurance
23.7%(n = 13)
5.6%(n = 2)
16.6%(n = 13)
10.6%(n = 2)
0 9.5%(n = 2)
10.3%(n = 1)
Lack of timewith health
care providerduring visit
6.0%(n = 3)
5.1%(n = 2)
11.8%(n = 9)
3.9%(n = 1)
0 11.4%(n = 2)
4.5%(n = 1)
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In the past 12 months, just over 10% (CI: 9.1 11.8) of LCCHA respondents needed health
care but were unable to receive it. When asked what tests they were unable to receive,
49.3% (CI: 42.3 56.2) identified medical/doctor appointments, 46.0% (CI: 39.2 53.2)
selected dental appointments, and 35.2% (CI: 28.4 41.7) chose prescriptions (see Figure
29).
Figure 29
05
10152025
3035404550
49.3
16.5 12.7
46
23.9
14.5
30.735.2
2.1
15.1%
What health care were you unable to receive?
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Respondents were asked what types of medical tests they have had in the past year. The
most common tests identified were blood pressure checks (68.6%, CI: 66.6 70.6), pap
smears (48.7%, CI: 45.7 51.6), eye exams (44.8%, CI: 42.7 46.9), and cholesterol
screenings (44.6%, CI: 42.5 46.8).
Figure 30
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
41.8
48.7
15.913.1
68.6
42.9
9
44.8 44.6
24
11.4
%
What tests have you had in the past year?
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The majority of participants (60.1%, CI: 57.9 62.3) reported visiting a dentist in the past
year (see Figure 31 and Table 25). While over three-quarters of respondents have visited a
dentist in the past two years, over 10% (CI: 9.1 11.9) have either not been to a dentist in
the past five years or have never been to the dentist. Data from the OFHS indicated that
86.0% of respondents have seen a dentist in the last two years. Just over 20% (CI: 19.1
22.7) of LCCHA respondents and 13% of OFHS participants reported that there was a time
in the last 12 months that they were unable to get the dental care they needed (see also
Table 26). The most common reasons respondents could not get dental care were that they
could not afford the cost (65.7%, CI: 60.7 70.2), they did not have dental insurance
(57.1%, CI: 52.0 62.0), and their insurance did not cover what was needed (15.5%, CI:
11.9 19.2) (see Figure 32).
Figure 31
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Within pastyear
1-2 years 2-5 years More than 5years
Never
60.1
16.313.1
9.4
1.2
%
How long has it been since your last dental visit?
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Table 25
How long has it beensince you last visited
a dentist?
Within pastyear
1-2 years 2-5 years More than5 years
Never
Age18-35 years 47.7%
(n = 239)24.0%
(n = 121)15.8%
(n = 79)10.8%
(n = 54)1.7%
(n = 9)36-53 years 60.5%
(n = 399)14.9%
(n = 99)13.0%
(n = 86)10.6%
(n = 70)0.9%
(n = 6)54 years and over 67.9%
(n = 512)12.4%
(n = 94)11.4%
(n = 86)7.3%
(n = 55)1.0%
(n = 7)
RaceCaucasian 61.6%
(n = 1103)16.1%
(n = 288)12.6%
(n = 227)8.8%
(n = 158)0.9%
(n = 16)African American 43.4%
(n = 27)
23.1%
(n = 14)
20.1%
(n =12)
13.4%
(n = 8)
0
Other 33.7%(n = 21)
17.0%(n = 11)
19.4%(n = 12)
20.0%(n = 13)
9.9%(n = 6)
Household income$0-$34,999 43.3%
(n = 368)22.0%
(n = 186)17.7%
(n = 151)14.5%
(n = 123)2.5%
(n = 21)$35k-$74,999 64.5%
(n = 354)16.7%
(n = 92)11.8%
(n = 65)6.9%
(n = 38)0.1%
(n = 1)$75k and above 82.7%
(n = 363)7.4%
(n = 32)5.9%
(n = 26)3.9%
(n = 17)0
Table 26
Was there a time during the past 12 months when youneeded dental care for yourself but could not get it?
Yes
Age18-35 years 30.5% (n = 154)36-53 years 23.1% (n = 152)
54 years and over 12.4% (n = 93)
Race
Caucasian 20.2% (n = 361)African American 35.9% (n =22)
Other 27.0% (n = 17)
Household income$0-$34,999 34.9% (n = 299)
$35k-$74,999 13.5% (n = 74)$75k and above 3.8% (n = 17)
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Figure 32
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
57.1
65.7
4.7 4.99.8
15.6
6.4 7.32.3
%
Why could you not get dental care?
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MENTAL HEALTH
The Mental Health section contained 12 items related to the respondents' emotional,
mental, and behavioral health. Participants were asked on how many of the past 30 days
their mental health impaired their ability to function normally. The majority of
participants answered 0 days (66.4%, CI: 64.2 68.5) or 1-5 days (18.0%, CI: 16.2
19.7). Over 4% reported their mental health status impaired their ability to function
normally on at least 26 of the past 30 days (see Figure 33). Table 27 presents these data by
demographic group.
Gender and race also had an impact on mental health and functioning (see Figure 34). Non-
Caucasian females were more likely than Caucasian females to report having days where
their mental health status affected their ability to function normally. The same pattern
emerged with Caucasian and non-Caucasian males. Non-Caucasian females and males were
also more likely to report having at least 15 days where their mental health status
impacted their functioning.
Figure 33
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 1 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 15 16 to 20 21 to 25 26 to 30
66.4
18
4.9 2.8 2.5 1.34.2
%
Days
In the past month, how many days has your mental health impariedyour normal functioning?
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Table 27
In the past 30 days, how many days has your mental health impairedyour ability to function normally?
0 1-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 21-25 26-30Age
18-35 years 53.8%(n = 257)
25.4%(n = 121)
4.3%(n = 20)
4.0%(n = 19)
4.1%(n = 20)
1.9%(n = 9)
6.5%(n = 31)
36-53 years 60.5%(n = 379)
19.6%(n = 123)
7.2%(n = 45)
4.2%(n = 27)
2.8%(n = 18)
1.5%(n = 9)
4.2%(n = 26)
54 years andover
79.9%(n = 568)
11.6%(n = 82)
3.2%(n = 23)
0.8%(n = 5)
1.2%(n = 8)
0.7%(n = 5)
2.7%(n = 19)
RaceCaucasian 66.7%
(n = 1139)18.0%(n = 308)
4.8%(n = 81)
2.8%(n = 48)
2.6%(n = 44)
1.2%(n = 20)
4.0%(n = 68)
African
American
55.2%
(n = 31)
22.0%
(n = 12)
7.5%
(n = 4)
2.0%
(n = 1)
1.6%
(n = 1)
2.7%
(n = 1)
9.1%
(n = 5)Other 68.3%(n = 34)
12.2%(n = 6)
5.1%(n = 3)
3.5%(n = 2)
0 2.9%(n = 1)
7.2%(n = 4)
SexMale 70.5%
(n = 614)14.3%(n = 125)
4.8%(n = 42)
2.8%(n = 24)
2.3%(n = 20)
1.1%(n = 9)
4.3%(n = 37)
Female 62.5%(n = 589)
21.4%(n = 201)
4.9%(n = 46)
2.8%(n = 27)
2.7%(n = 26)
1.5%(n = 14)
4.2%(n = 39)
Householdincome
$0-$34,999 54.0(n = 433) 20.1%(n = 161) 7.0%(n = 56) 4.4%(n = 35) 4.9%(n = 39) 2.3%(n = 18) 7.4%(n = 59)$35k-$74,999 72.0%
(n = 378)18.2%(n = 96)
4.1%(n = 22)
1.7%(n = 9)
0.7%(n = 4)
0.8%(n = 4)
2.5%(n = 13)
$75k andabove
80.2%(n = 335)
14.6%(n = 61)
1.9%(n = 8)
1.7%(n = 7)
0.7%(n = 3)
0 0.9%(n = 4)
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Figure 34
Table 28
Do you engage in any exercise activity atleast once per week?
Yes
Mental health impairment0 days 76.0% (n = 877)
1-5 days 71.6% (n = 231)
6-10 days 68.8% (n = 58)11-15 days 75.4% (n = 38)16-20 days 61.2% (n = 26)21-25 days 49.5% (n = 12)26-30 days 57.8% (n =40)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 More than 15
62.8
5.3
52
12
70.8
5.1
64.2
10.6
%
Days
In the past month, how many days has your mental health impariedyour normal functioning?
Caucasian females
Non-Caucasian females
Caucasian males
Non-Caucasian males
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The next item asked respondents to indicate, on a scale of 1 to 5, the importance of several
mental health-related programs and services. Overall, the majority of respondents
reported that the identified mental health programs were important. For each of the five
items, between 82% and 87% of the participants selected 4 or 5 (important) (see
Figure 35 through Figure 39 and Table 29).
Figure 35
Figure 36
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1(Unimportant)
2 3 4 5 (Important)
4 3.29.2
16.8
66.8
%
How important are suicide prevention programs in schools?
0
10
2030
40
50
60
1(Unimportant)
2 3 4 5 (Important)
3.8 3
10.923.2
59.1
%
How important is specialized training for police officers/firstresponders that teaches them how to react safely and effectively
when they encounter individuals with mental illness?
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Figure 37
Figure 38
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1(Unimportant)
2 3 4 5 (Important)
2.2 2.2
9.6
20.4
65.7
%
How important are counseling and related services for troubledchildren in Lake County?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1(Unimportant)
2 3 4 5 (Important)
2.7 1.9
9
26.6
59.8
%
How important are counseling and related services for local adultswho have depression and other mental illnesses?
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Figure 39
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1(Unimportant)
2 3 4 5 (Important)
3 2.78.3
19.7
66.3
%
How important are counseling and related services for local peoplewho have drug or alcohol addictions?
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Table 29
Suicidepreventionprograms inschools
Specializedtraining forfirstresponders
Counseling/relatedservices fortroubledchildren
Counseling/relatedservices forlocal adults
Counseling/relatedservices forlocals withalcohol/drugaddictions
Age18-35 years 4.34
(SD = 1.15)4.06(SD = 1.19)
4.39(SD = 1.00)
4.27(SD = 1.06)
4.37(SD = 1.08)
36-53 years 4.42(SD = .97)
4.32(SD = .98)
4.51(SD = .87)
4.42(SD = .88)
4.45(SD = .90)
54 years andover
4.40(SD = 1.03)
4.47(SD = .90)
4.45(SD = .87)
4.44(SD = .86)
4.48(SD = .93)
Race
Caucasian 4.42(SD = 1.00) 4.34(SD = .99) 4.48(SD = .87) 4.41(SD = .89) 4.46(SD = .93)African
American4.42(SD = 1.22)
4.09(SD = 1.43)
4.62(SD = .85)
4.60(SD = .84)
4.64(SD = .82)
Other 3.44(SD = 1.66)
3.68(SD = 1.42)
3.53(SD = 1.32)
3.63(SD = 1.48)
3.61(SD = 1.53)
SexMale 4.19
(SD = 1.16)4.12(SD = 1.13)
4.28(SD = .98)
4.22(SD = .99)
4.27(SD = 1.08)
Female 4.58(SD = .88)
4.49(SD = .89)
4.62(SD = .80)
4.55(SD = .83)
4.59(SD = .82)
Householdincome
$0-$34,999 4.38(SD = 1.10)
4.23(SD = 1.15)
4.37(SD = 1.03)
4.36(SD = 1.01)
4.44(SD = 1.02)
$35k-$74,999
4.43(SD = .98)
4.40(SD = .91)
4.57(SD = .73)
4.50(SD = .73)
4.55(SD = .79)
$75k andabove
4.39(SD = .97)
4.33(SD = .92)
4.50(SD = .81)
4.34(SD = .924)
4.36(SD = .95)
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Nearly 15% (CI: 10.7 13.6) of respondents attempted to access mental health services in
the past year. Females (17%, CI: 14.6 19.3) reported attempting to access mental health
services more than males (12.5%, CI: 10.3 14.7). There was no difference between
Caucasians (14.8%, CI: 13.3 16.5) and non-Caucasians (14.3%, CI: 8.0 20.6) in attempts
to access mental health services. Table 30 presents these data by demographic groups.
Table 30
Have you attempted to access mental healthservices in the last year?
Yes
Age18-35 years 21.5% (n = 107)36-53 years 18.7% (n = 120)
54 years and over 6.9% (n = 50)
RaceCaucasian 14.8% (n = 260)
African American 19.7% (n =11)Other 9.2% (n = 6)
SexMale 12.5% (n = 112)
Female 17.0% (n = 165)
Household income$0-$34,999 21.4% (n = 178)
$35k-$74,999 10.4% (n = 56)$75k and above 8.8% (n = 38)
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Those who attempted to access mental health services were asked what types of services
they tried to access and if they found them to be helpful. The majority identified
psychiatric services (including medications) as the service they most often sought (see
Figure 40 and Table 31). The majority of participants found these mental health services to
be helpful (see Figure 41 and Table 32).
Figure 40
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
PsychiatricServices
Counseling Individual/familycounseling
Case management
63.656.4
42.6
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