18 th & 19 th Century Artistic Innovations

18TH & 19TH CENTURY ARTISTIC INNOVATIONS

CHANGES IN WESTERN SOCIETY

• Industrial Revolution in England• Political rebellion• U.S. Revolutionary War• French Revolution• Traditional systems where power was held by the

aristocracy or members of the Church were destroyed

• Shift from agrarian culture to industrial progress• Increased global trade and colonialism• The Enlightenment – moved from understandings

based on myth, religion, or tradition to scientific questioning and reasoning.

CHANGES IN ART

• Art is a cultural product and reflects the society of its time.• Moved from Rococo to Romanticism to

Neoclassicism to Realism to Impressionism • New technology – iron in architecture,

photography, paint in collapsible metal tubes

IRON BRIDGE

• Iron = most important material exploited during the Industrial Revolution in England.

• The Iron Bridge by Abraham Darby III and Thomas Pritchard is an icon of the age. One of the few to survive today.

SILK

• Developed by the Chinese• Silk is a central

aspect to Chinese culture and economics• Production was

controlled by the ruling class• Annual silkworm

sacrifice and reeling of cocoons – imperial ceremony presided over by the empress.

• Primary use in art has been as a textile

EMPEROR’S TWELVE-SYMBOL ROBE

• Produced during Qing Dynasty• 12 Symbols: sun,

moon, constellation, mountain, dragons, bird, cups, water weed, millet, fire, ax, & symmetrical “fu” symbol.• AKA Dragon Robe –

symbol of authority

PHOTOGRAPHY

• Cameras evolved from the use of the camera obscura – tracing image projected• Joseph Niepce

produced the oldest surviving photograph in 1826(or 1827).

• Photography was widely considered a “science” not an “art” in the mid-1800’s.

OPHELIA, STUDY NO. 2

• Julia Margaret Cameron• Strove to elevate

photography as an art by combining the “real and ideal.”

• Many of her works were based on literature.

• Meant to exemplify Ophelia from Shakespeare’s Hamlet.

IMPRESSIONISM

• Artistic movement that originated in France in the late 1800s.• Artists were

concerned with painting the world around them (realism).• Painted scenes as a

“glancing view.”

COLLAPSIBLE METAL TUBES

• Prior to 19th Century painters mixed their own paint• Ready-made paint stored in pig bladders then

syringes• Metal Tubes made painting “transportable”

(1841)

LA GARE SAINT-LAZARE

• Monet• Subject: train

station renovated under the Haussmannization program in Paris• Monet painted 12

different views of this station – they show a variety of light and steam effects

AND … ONE MORE STORY

Choose 1 of the selected pieces of artwork and compose a short story inspired by it. Keep in mind the history behind the piece.

20TH CENTURY ARTISTIC INNOVATIONS

YOUR TASK

• With a partner, you will create a poster on one of the selected pieces of art found in the USAD resource packet.• You must include a picture of the piece, background,

innovation seen in the piece, biography of the artist, and analysis of the piece.• You may choose from:• Carson, Pirie, Scott Building• Still-Life with Chair Caning by Picasso• Number 1, 1950 (Lavender Mist) by Jackson Pollock• Marilyn Diptych by Andy Warhol• Miki No Inori by Mariko Mori