111 CHEM 344 Organic Chemistry Lab June 18 th 2008 Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds Lecture 3...

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111

CHEM 344Organic Chemistry Lab

June 18th 2008

Spectroscopy of Organic CompoundsLecture 3 –Infrared and Mass Spec

Nick Hill

3

OCPh

H

1703 cm-1

OCEt

HO

1716 cm-1

OCEt

HO

O CEt

OH

2800 - 2600 cm-1

C NPr

2260 cm-1

M + e [M] + 2 e

Molecular Fragments

Molecule

Molecular Ion

EI

Mass Spectrum of methanol CH3OH

32

31

29

15

[CH2OH]+

[CHO]+

[CH3]+

[CH3OH]+.

[M]

Cation stability more important than radical stability

Molecular Ion

A + B

Cation

Radical X

XA + B

Cation

Radical

C8H18MW = 114

8571

57

43

29

114

C6H13+

C5H11+

C4H9+

C3H7+

C2H5+

Mass Spectrum of octane

Mass Spectrum of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane

57

43

Me Me

MeMe

Me

MW=114C8H18Me

Me

Me

C

Me

Me H

Mass Spectrum of 1-butanol

56

OH

MW=74C4H10O

31

43

29

CH2=OH

via loss of H2OCH3CH2

Resonance stabilized

OH

MW = 88C5H12O

Mass Spectrum of 2-methyl-2-butanol

59

55

73

70

4331CH2=OH

OH

OH OH

m/ z = 59

- CH2CH3

- H2O

m/ z = 70

OH OH

m/ z = 73

- CH3

Me

m/ z = 55

- CH3

Mass Spectrum of 2-octanone

OC8H16OMW = 128

113

43

58

O

O

via -cleavage

via -cleavage

O

O

+

CH3+O

m/z = 43

m/z = 113

Molecular ion m/z = 128

-cleavage at a C=O group

Mass Spectrum of 2-octanone

OC8H16OMW = 128

113

43 OH

58

O

O

via -cleavage

via -cleavageMcLafferty rearragement

OH

m/z = 58

+OH

m/z = 128

McLafferty rearrangement of a ketone

1-pentene

O

OH

H OH

OH+

m/z = 60m/z = 88

McLafferty rearrangement of a carboxylic acid

ethene

Mass Spectrum of Benzamide

10577

44

O

O

NH2

O

NH2

C7H7NOMW=121 121

19

Mass Spectrum of Toluene

CH3

MW=92C7H8

92

91Loss of H Benzyl cation???

Tropylium cation m/z = 91

CH3

HH

H

H

HH

H-H

Toluene radical cation m/z = 92

m/z = 91 common to all alkyl benzenes

Mass Spectrum of 3-methyl-1-butanamine

NH2

MW=87C5H13N

30

CH2=NH2

via-cleavage

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