1) Introducing the Periodic Table - Mater Academy …...2015/11/16  · 1) Introducing the Periodic...

1) Introducing the Periodic Table• Increasing atomic number• Dmitri Mendeleev• Atomic number, atomic mass, element name, element symbol, oxidation

number

2) Organization of the Periodic Table• Groups, periods, staircase, metals, non-metals, metalloids

3) Metals, Non-metals and Metalloids• Characteristics and examples

4) Chemical Families on the Periodic Table• Alkali metals• Alkaline earth metals• Halogen• Noble gasses• Transition metals• Lanthanides• Actinides

CONCEPTS EXPLORED IN THIS LESSON

by a man named ________________who was a Russian chemist and inventor.

• It was developed in _____

according to their _______________________and their ____________________________.

It is a chart that organizes ________Periodic Table:

INTRODUCING THE PERIODIC TABLE

When was the Periodic Table developed and who created it?

increasing atomic numberschemical and physical

properties

Dmitri Mendeleev1869

elements

but his periodic table _________ and left room for the ___________________________.

• In his time, there were only ___________ discovered,

Maybe there are more

elements?

INTRODUCING THE PERIODIC TABLE

predicted future discoveriesof elements

60 elements

2+

• Each element on the periodic table is represented within an ___________ which contains the following basic information.

atomic number

atomic mass

element symbol

element name

(A whole number with no decimals.)

(It is larger than atomic number and always has decimals.)

(Only the first letter is capitalized.)

a) Draw the element box for the element that has an atomic mass of 107.87.

b) Draw the element box for the element that has the element symbol Pt.

oxidation number (It has a + or – sign.)

INTRODUCING THE PERIODIC TABLE

element box

2+4+1+

• The periodic table is arranged in columns and rows.

ORGANIZATION OF THE PERIODIC TABLE

How many groups are

there on the periodic table?

Each column on the periodic table is called a ______.

There are ___ groups on the periodic table.

group

18

• The periodic table is arranged in columns and rows.

ORGANIZATION OF THE PERIODIC TABLE

How many periods are there on the

periodic table?

Each row on the periodic table is called a ________.

There are __ periods on the periodic table.

period

7

Each column on the periodic table is called a ______.

There are ___ groups on the periodic table.

group

18

This zigzag is also called the ________.• There is a _____ that separates the periodic table into two sides.

Can you find the zigzag on the

periodic table?

ORGANIZATION OF THE PERIODIC TABLE

staircase

zigzag

Darken the staircase on

your periodic table.

ORGANIZATION OF THE PERIODIC TABLE

which is a __________found on the ___ side.

This zigzag is also called the ________.• There is a _____ that separates the periodic table into two sides.

To the ___ of the staircase you will find all the ______.

Label these sections on your periodic table.

To the ____ of the staircase you will find all the __________ ,

metals

non-metals

except for the element ________ ,

staircase

metalsnon-metals

hydrogen

zigzag

Shade in hydrogen on your periodic

table and label it a non-metal.

non-metal

non-metals

left right

left

• Directly to either side of the staircase you will find elements called _________ . There are __ of these elements.

ORGANIZATION OF THE PERIODIC TABLE

metalloids 8

metalloids Shade in the metalloids on your periodic

table and label them.

except for ________ which is a _____ .

Metals: • All metals are _____ at room temperature

• Many metals are _______, ______ in color, ______ , _________ , __________ and some are ________.

malleableductile

METALS, NON-METALS & METALLOIDS

solids

mercury liquidlustrous silvery

conductivemagnetic

They are ____________ , __________ , ______ when solid, ______________ and ____________.

These ones are: ______ , __________ , _____ , ________ and _____.

and five non-metals which are _____ .

except for ________which is a _____ ,

Non-Metals:

• Most non-metals are _____ ,

• Non-metal elements are either ________ or have ____________.

METALS, NON-METALS & METALLOIDS

colorless various colorsnot malleable not ductile brittle

poor conductors nonmagnetic

gases bromineliquid

carbonsolids phosphorussulfur selenium iodine

They are ___ electrical conductors. They are mostly _______ in appearance but they are

______.

Metalloids:• Metalloids are ________ at room temperature.

• They have some properties of ____ metals and non-metals.

METALS, NON-METALS & METALLOIDS

all solids

both

metallicbrittle fair

Is a group (column) that contains elements with similar _________ .Chemical Family:

properties

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

Group 1: Alkali Metals

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLEIs a group (column) that contains elements with

similar _________ .Chemical Family:

properties

Group 1: Alkali Metals• This group of elements are all

____ and _____-colored _____ .

• They are the _____ reactive of all the metals because…

NaLi K

they only have ____ valence electron.

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

soft silver solids

mostone

by __________ their valence electron

ClNa

Sodium Atom Chlorine Atom

They each very readily _____ with other elements

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

Group 1: Alkali Metals

bondtransferring

• This group of elements are all ____ and _____-colored _____ .

• They are the _____ reactive of all the metals because…they only have ____ valence electron.

soft silver solids

mostone

called a_________.

ClNa

Sodium Atom Chlorine AtomSodium Ion Chlorine Ion

NaCl

table salt

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

to each become a stable ___,

Group 1: Alkali Metals

ion meaning they have a ___ outer orbital.full

The bond between the ions creates a ____substance

by __________ their valence electronThey each very readily _____ with other elementsbond

transferring

• This group of elements are all ____ and _____-colored _____ .

• They are the _____ reactive of all the metals because…they only have ____ valence electron.

soft silver solids

mostone

compound

new

Group 1: Alkali Metals

• Elements get _____ reactive as you go _____ the group.

• They are all reactive with _____.

To prevent contact with ___________ in the air, they are stored in _________.

________ is the most reactive.

water mineral oil

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

water

mineral oilwater vapor

moredown

Francium ...and it’s…

Group 1:Group 2:

Alkali MetalsAlkaline Earth Metals

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLEIs a group (column) that contains elements with

similar _________ .Chemical Family:

properties

Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals

• These elements are also all _____-colored _____ .

• They are also reactive with _____ but ____ so than group 1 elements.

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

silver solids

water less

Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals

CaMgBe

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

• These elements are also all _____-colored _____ .

• They are also reactive with _____ but ____ so than group 1 elements.

They each have ___ valence electrons.

silver solids

water less

two

• These elements are also all _____-colored _____ .

• They are also reactive with _____ but ____ so than group 1 elements.

They each have ___ valence electrons.

silver solids

water less

two

Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals

Similar to group 1 elements, they readily bond with other elements.

• Elements get _____ reactive as you go _____ the group.

_______ is the most reactive.

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

However, in this case they transfer their ____ valence electrons to become stable ions with full outer orbitals.

two

more down

Radium

...and it’s also…

Group 1:Group 2:

Groups 17:Alkali Metals HalogensAlkaline Earth Metals

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLEIs a group (column) that contains elements with

similar _________ .Chemical Family:

properties

and are found in all _____ states.• This group of elements are all __________

gas

liquid

solid

• They are the _____ reactive of the non-metalsbecause they have _____ valence electrons.

1 electron short of a full outer orbital.

ClF

They readily combine with other elements to ________ valence electron from them to become stable ions (with full outer shells).

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

non-metalsthree

mostseven

take one

Groups 17: Halogens

ClNa

Sodium Ion Chlorine Ion

Recall:

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

and are found in all _____ states.• This group of elements are all __________

gas

liquid

solid

• They are the _____ reactive of the non-metalsbecause they have _____ valence electrons.

1 electron short of a full outer orbital.

They readily combine with other elements to ________ valence electron from them to become stable ions (with full outer shells).

non-metalsthree

mostseven

take one

Groups 17: Halogens

Groups 17: Halogens

gas

liquid

solid

• Halogens become more reactive as you move ___ the group.

_______ is the most reactive.

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

up

Fluorine

Group 1:Group 2:

Alkali MetalsAlkaline Earth Metals

Groups 18: Noble Gases

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

Groups 17: Halogens

Is a group (column) that contains elements with similar _________ .Chemical Family:

properties

Groups 18: Noble Gases

• These non-metal elements are ___________ gases.

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

non-reactive

Groups 18: Noble Gases

• They ______ bond with other elements

because they have ___ outer orbitals.

NeHe Ar

• Since they don’t react with other elements, they ______ form __________.

Noble gases are also described as __________.

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

fulldo not

do not compounds

inert gases

Group 1:Group 2:

Groups 17:Alkali Metals HalogensAlkaline Earth Metals

Groups 18: Noble Gases

Transition MetalsGroups 3-12:

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLEIs a group (column) that contains elements with

similar _________ .Chemical Family:

properties

which is a _____ at room temperature and pressure.

Groups 3-12: Transition Metals• These groups contain metals that have the usual properties of

metals. • These metals are all found in the solid state except for _______

(Lustrous, malleable, ductile, electrically conductive, etc.)

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

mercuryliquid

iron skillet

Groups 3-12: Transition Metals

• The transition metals contain some of the most commonly known metals.

platinumring

silver gobletcopper pipes

copper penny

gold necklacemercury

thermometertungsten light bulb

titanium aircraft

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLEGuess the metal each of these is made from.

Group 1:Group 2:

Groups 17:Alkali Metals HalogensAlkaline Earth Metals

Groups 18: Noble Gases

Transition MetalsGroups 3-12:

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLEIs a group (column) that contains elements with

similar _________ .Chemical Family:

properties

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

They will spontaneously ________in the air.

Lanthanides: Elements 57-71• They are all ______ that have been

misleadingly labeled“ _______________” in the past.

Actinides: Elements 89-103• They are ______ that are __________.

CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

metals

rare earth metals

metals radioactivecombust

• Use three different colors or markers. Complete this table by shading metals, metalloids, and nonmetals different colors