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Exotic Disease Response TrainingIntroduction to Surveillance
Introduction to Surveillance 2
Session OutcomeAt the end of this session, you should be able to:• describe what Surveillance is• name the roles in the Surveillance Group• describe, at a high level, what those roles do, and• explain where Surveillance fits into the Exotic Disease
Response process
Introduction to Surveillance 3
During this session we will cover:
Training Agenda
1. What is Surveillance?2. Exotic Disease Response Roles – Surveillance Group3. What tasks they perform4. Where Surveillance fits in the Exotic Disease
Response process5. New Principles and Concepts
Introduction to Surveillance 4
• A system or measurement technique to gain knowledge about a population by collection, analysis, and interpretation of data with a view to the early detection of cases of disease or changes in the health status of the population. The goal of surveillance is directed action in the treatment or prevention of the condition. (Cameron 1999)
What is Surveillance?
Introduction to Surveillance 5
• A deliberate attempt to gain knowledge about a population by collection and interpretation of data with a view to the early detection of cases of disease or changes in the health status of the population. It is essentially an interventionist exercise compared to monitoring which is passive.(Kennedy 1990)
What is Surveillance?
Introduction to Surveillance 6
• The continuous investigation of a given population to detect the occurrence of disease for control purposes, which may involve testing a part of the population.(OIE 2003, Chapter 1.3.6)
What is Surveillance?
Introduction to Surveillance 7
What is Surveillance?
A systematic programme of inspection and examination of animals or things to
determine the presence or absence of an emergency disease or organism
Introduction to Surveillance 8
• Surveillance = ‘Find it’• Organism Management = ‘Kill it’
Surveillance v Organism ManagementOrganism Management – Activities to prevent an unwanted organism infecting new hosts.
Examples: host depopulation and disposal, vaccination, and decontamination of infected places.
Introduction to Surveillance 9
• Set by Biosecurity New Zealand• Defines the course of action for the Surveillance
Group to attain specified objectives• Dependent on the nature of the response (control vs.
eradication)• Likely to change as the response progresses
Surveillance Policy and Objectives
Introduction to Surveillance 10
• Surveillance Policy includes the following:– Initial diagnosis– Surveillance of at-risk places– Report case management– Zone surveillance– Other surveillance activity
Surveillance Policy - content
Introduction to Surveillance 11
SurveillanceManager
Public Report Coordinator
GISCoordinator
Field VisitCoordinator
AdministrationCoordinator
InvestigationsCoordinator
TracingCoordinator
Field TeamLeader
FieldVet
SampleReception
TeamLeader
AdminTeam
Leader
AdminOfficer
GISOfficer
Call CentreTeam
Leader
ReportEvaluation
Team Leader
Call CentreOperator
ReportEvaluation
Officer
TracingTeam
Leader
TracingOfficer
FieldInvestigator
Vet
TracingEvaluation
Officer
Surveillance Response roles…
Introduction to Surveillance 12
• Receive and record calls from the public• Evaluate if surveillance is required
Surveillance Group – Public Report
Introduction to Surveillance 13
• Prioritises and coordinates visits• Field Vet collects information, conducts
visual observations for clinical signs, and collects samples
• Suspect animals examined• Decision about immediate report of
clinical disease• Documents all visit activities and submits
samples
Surveillance Group – Field Team
Introduction to Surveillance 14
• Investigations Coordinator decides whether status of a place should be updated to IP/SP, coordinates investigation
• Field Investigator Vet investigates suspected case of unwanted organism, documents activities and submits samples
• Tracing Evaluation Officer evaluates tracing results
Surveillance Group – Investigations
Introduction to Surveillance 15
• Investigates and records all movements that may have spread a disease to or from an infected place
• Includes movement of animals, animal products, people, vehicles, machinery…
Surveillance Group – Tracing
Introduction to Surveillance 16
• Provides visit documents for field/investigation teams
• Records results from each of the other areas
• Receive samples and packages to lab
Surveillance Group – Administration
Introduction to Surveillance 17
• Property casing• Updates the maps used during response• Provide information for trap deployment
Surveillance Group – GIS
Introduction to Surveillance 18
Exotic Disease Response Process
Introduction to Surveillance 19
• Surveillance and Organism Management• Scalability:
– Organisational chart and roles– Role location not prescribed
• Inclusion of Tracing• Sample reception role and process• Specified roles for Administration• IRS and the Knowledge Base:
– Maps, visit documents, etc• Escalation process for decision making
New Principles and Concepts
Introduction to Surveillance 20
During this session we covered:
Session Summary
1. What is Surveillance?2. Exotic Disease Response Roles – Surveillance Group3. What tasks they perform4. Where Surveillance fits in the Exotic Disease
Response process5. New Principles and Concepts
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