1 Audio Video Production History of American Broadcasting Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012....

1

Audio Video Production

History of American

Broadcasting

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

Broadcasting: A Young Media

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

2

Newsp

aper

s in U

SA

1700’s 1837 1876 1920 1948

Telegra

ph

Telephone

Televis

ion in

homes

First

com

merci

ally

license

d radio st

ation

InPittsburgh

PA

Television Development

3Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

1920’s

• Many companies experimenting with and developing TV.

1926

• Philo T. Farnsworth (American) experimented with electronic TV—stream of electrons.

1928

• Vladimir Zworykin develop/refines iconoscope tube.

Television Development

4Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

1928 1st TV Drama broadcast

1931 Regularly scheduled TV begins

1935 Electronic TV is demonstrated to the

press

Television Development

5Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

1936

1939

Germany: televises Olympics.Britain: few hours of regular programming a day.

The TV is presented at the New York World’s Fair.

Television Development

6Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

1941

15 hours of programming each week.

1945

FCC authorizes

TV broadcast.

1942

150 applications

for TV stations

Color Television

7Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

• Experimentation with color during WWII

1932-

1945

• Non-compatible mechanical color system is presented.1946

• FCC refuses color request.1947

• 50 TV stations on air, 124 authorized.• FCC establishes a four year freeze on

new TV licenses.1948

Color Television

8Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

• Korean War slows color TV progress.• FCC announces mechanical color system.• Negative response from stations and the public.

1950

• National Television System Committee (NTSC) explores color.

1951

Cable Television

9Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

1950• Communi

ty Antenna Television

1952

• Coaxial cable is installed in large cities, reducing ghosting.

Color Television

10Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

1952

FCC lifts TV freeze

FCC approves UHF

Old TV’s don’t get UHF

Ruling: all new TV’s must have both VHF and UHF

1953

FCC approves NTSC compatible electronic color

system

Korean War ends

Video Recorders

11Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

1956Videotaping is demonstrated

1963 A home VTR costs $995

Television

12Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

1950’s1950’sLive dramatic series.

19521952Rampant growth in TV, from 108 in ‘52…

1960’s1960’sLarge variety of TV programs.

19601960…to 522 stations. 90% of homes have TVs.

Television

13Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

1966

• All 3 networks have color.

1967

• Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 authorizes the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.

Television

14Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

1980

1% of homes have

VCRs.

Camcorder is sold to

consumers

1984 Stereo AM & TV.

FCC begins

deregulation.

Cable Television

15Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

• FCC ends ban on cable TV in large cities.

• Beginning of “Pay TV” for cable.

1972

• Two-way cable in Columbus, Ohio.

1977

Cable Television

16Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

1980 •Cable news stations begin

1981 •Music videos on cable

1987 •50% of homes with TV have cable

1998 •Digital compression used in cable

2004 •More than 30% (around 22.9 million) of U.S. cable receive digital cable service

Digital Television

17Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

1997

• DVD introduced.• FCC rules: all U.S. SDTV stations must be DTV by 2006, now

2009.

1999

• Stations begin broadcasting Digital TV and wide screen HDTV.

2004

• More than 1000 US TV stations broadcast digital signal.• 3 million HDTV sets in homes.• All manufactured sets 36” and larger must have a digital tuner.

Digital Television

18Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

20061000+ U.S. digital TV stations on the

air.

Consumers buy HDTV sets in significant numbers.

What about the future?

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 

19