04 September 201504 September 201504 September 2015 1 Drive Safe Driving Safely ‘’LTS GZ’’

19 April 20231

Drive Safe

Driving Safely ‘’LTS GZ’’

Tires Main Functions

Tires perform four important functions with the assistance of the air contained within them:

Support the vehicle chassis off the ground.

Help absorb shocks from the road surface.

Help transmit traction and braking forces to the road surface.

Finally, they help change and maintain the direction of travel.

Tires are the single most important item you Tires are the single most important item you will buy for your vehicle. They significantly will buy for your vehicle. They significantly affect the safety and the handling of your affect the safety and the handling of your vehicle. vehicle.

19 April 20233

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES

•Date of manufacturing• Maximum inflating pressure• Traction• Tread wear• Maximum load capacity per tire• Speed Rating• Temperature resistance• Tire size

Tire Tips

19 April 20235

Yes TIRES Do expire

Did you know that tires expire 4 years after the date of manufacture and this date is stamped on the side of the tire?

19 April 20236

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES

It is very easy to find out what the expiration date is on a tire, if you check on the side of it, you will have a 4 digit number stamped on it, this number indicates the week and the year it was manufactured, the expiration date will be 4 years later.

It is very easy to find out what the expiration date is on a tire, if you check on the side of it, you will have a 4 digit number stamped on it, this number indicates the week and the year it was manufactured, the expiration date will be 4 years later.

TIRE AGE - Tires carry a three or four digit age code on the sidewall.

3 Digit code indicating the month and year of manuf. For example 129 means the tyre was manufactured in December 1999.

4 Digit code identifies the week and year of manuf. The first two figures identify the week, the second two figures represent the year. For example, “1702" represents the 17th week of 2002

19 April 20237

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES

This number indicates that the tire was manufactured on the 7th week of 2007 or which is the same February 2007, that would place the expiration date on February 2011

This number indicates that the tire was manufactured on the 7th week of 2007 or which is the same February 2007, that would place the expiration date on February 2011

0 7 0 70 7 0 77th week of the year “February”7th week of the year “February” Year of manufacture 2007Year of manufacture 2007

19 April 20238

TRACTION

Traction is a tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement. A higher graded tire should allow you to stop your vehicle on a wet road in a shorter distance than a tire with lower grade. Traction is graded from highest to lowest as ”AA”, “A”, “B” and “C”

Traction is a tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement. A higher graded tire should allow you to stop your vehicle on a wet road in a shorter distance than a tire with lower grade. Traction is graded from highest to lowest as ”AA”, “A”, “B” and “C”

19 April 20239

TREADWEAR

This number will give you the rate at which the tire wears out, the higher the treadwear the longer it should take for the tire to wear out. Hence, a tire graded at 400 should last twice as long as a tire graded at 200

This number will give you the rate at which the tire wears out, the higher the treadwear the longer it should take for the tire to wear out. Hence, a tire graded at 400 should last twice as long as a tire graded at 200

Useful tire info.

TREAD WEAR – is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested

under controlled condition example, a tire graded150 would wear one and a half (1 1/2) times as well as a tire graded 100.

TRACTION - Grades AA, A, B, C represent the tire's ability to stop on wet pavement. A tire marked C will

have the lowest traction performance. TEMPERATURE – Grade A, B, & C

The temperature grades A, B, and C, representing the tire's resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat.

Example

19 April 202311

TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE

Simbolo

Symbol Area

AHot area

Area Caliente

BNormal Area

Area Normal

CCold Area

Area Fria

The letters will indicate a tire’s resistance to heat. Tires are rated from highest to lowest resistance as A, B or C

The letters will indicate a tire’s resistance to heat. Tires are rated from highest to lowest resistance as A, B or C

19 April 202312

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES

Another important point that we miss many times is proper tire inflation most of the gas stations in Nigeria will calibrate your tires at 40 PSI and if you are going to travel some will even in many cases bring the pressure down to below 40 PSI because they will “heat up on the highway and the pressure will come back up”. DO NOT ALLOW THIS

Another important point that we miss many times is proper tire inflation most of the gas stations in Nigeria will calibrate your tires at 40 PSI and if you are going to travel some will even in many cases bring the pressure down to below 40 PSI because they will “heat up on the highway and the pressure will come back up”. DO NOT ALLOW THIS

19 April 202313

Low Pressure is Dangerous

Lower pressure increases tire heat, infrared photography of tires tested at high speed damaging heat increases as pressure drops.

Lower pressure increases tire heat, infrared photography of tires tested at high speed damaging heat increases as pressure drops.

Low Pressure - statistics

90% of all vehicles have at least one tire under inflated.

A tire will lose 1 pound of air pressure for every 5°C temperature drop.

Tires breathe, releasing about 1 pound of pressure per month.

A tire that is 20% under inflated will reduce tire life by 30% & increase fuel consumption by 7%.

A tire that is 30% under inflated will reduce tire life by 50%.

A very soft tire will generate enough heat to melt and explode at high speeds!

19 April 202315

Overloading the Tire

Another important point to consider is the load we put on our tires, many times we overload our vehicles without paying any attention to the strain this puts on our tires, exceeding the maximum load rating on a tire may also lead to tire failure and could result in an accident.

Another important point to consider is the load we put on our tires, many times we overload our vehicles without paying any attention to the strain this puts on our tires, exceeding the maximum load rating on a tire may also lead to tire failure and could result in an accident.

19 April 202316

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES

Attached table shows the load index and maximum load carrying capacity per tire in pounds and kilograms.

Attached table shows the load index and maximum load carrying capacity per tire in pounds and kilograms.

Speed Index

km/hr Load Index

Load per Tyre (kg)

D 65 75 375 E 70 76 400 F 80 77 412 G 90 78 425 J 100 79 437 K 110 80 450 L 120 81 462 M 130 82 474 N 140 83 487 P 150 84 500 Q 160 85 515 R 170 86 530 S 180 87 545 T 190 88 560 U 200 89 580 H 210 91 615 V 240 92 630 W 270 93 650 Y 300 94 670

ZR 240+ 95 690 96 710 97 730

A guide to understanding the markings on your tires.

Check the side wall of your tires and you will find a number similar to this example: 215/65 R 15 89H

Tire Width The first number (215) represents the tire width. The tire width in the above example is 215 mm. Height Ratio The next number (65) represents the tire height aspect ratio. The height ratio of 65, means that the tire section height is 65% of the 215 mm width (ie 139.75 mm high). This double-digit figure is often referred to as the "tire series" (eg "65 series tires"). Tire Construction The next expression (R) the construction of the tire. means radial ply

Rim Diameter The next number (15) represents the rim diameter expressed in inches In the above example the rim diameter is 15 inches.

Load Index The next number (89) is the Load Index and represents the maximum load the tire is designed to carry the Load Index of 89 indicates a load carrying capacity of 580 kg per tire.

Speed Index The last letter (H) is the Speed Index and represents the maximum speed the tire should be used at Speed Index of "H" indicates the tire is designed to run at up to 210 km/hr.

Tire Care Wheel Alignment – Alignment generally refers to the

adjustment of a vehicle's front and rear suspension parts. Poor wheel alignment causes

Difficult vehicle handlingAccelerate tires wear.

When to check Wheel AlignmentYou notice different handling of your vehicleYou have hit something (kerb, pot holes etc)You see a wear pattern developing on the

shoulders  of the tires. Wheel Balance – out of balance wheels causes reduce in drive

control. check whenever you feel vibration to the steering.

Tire Care

ROTATION – Regular rotation of tires help prolong your tire life by achieving uniform wear. (2 Wheel Drive) It is recommended to rotate your tire every 10000 – 12000 km. or

as recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.

Tire Care

ROTATION – Regular rotation of tires help prolong your tire life by achieving uniform wear. (4 wheel Drive) It is recommended to rotate your tire every 10000 – 12000 km. or

as recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.

Tire Care

TREAD – Advanced and unusual tread wear can reduce the ability of tread to grip the road. Visually inspect your tire for uneven wear change as

necessary.

When to change your tires

When the Tread is worn down to 1.6mm

You see cord or fabric showing through the tire's rubber.

The tread or sidewall is cracked, cut deep enough to show cord or fabric.

The tire has a bulge or split.

The tire has a puncture, cut or other damage that can't be repaired well because of the size or location of the damage.

When it is more than. 4yrs old

19 April 202324

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES

Most of us operate motor vehicles on a daily basis and hardly ever pay any attention to one of the most vital parts of the vehicle which are our tires.

Most of us operate motor vehicles on a daily basis and hardly ever pay any attention to one of the most vital parts of the vehicle which are our tires.

19 April 202325

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES

Unfortunately very few of us change this bad habit until it is too late.Unfortunately very few of us change this bad habit until it is too late.

19 April 202326

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES

If we use expired tires these are likely to burst and result in a very serious or even a fatal accident, it would be a good practice for us to check our tires and make sure they have not passed their expiration date

If we use expired tires these are likely to burst and result in a very serious or even a fatal accident, it would be a good practice for us to check our tires and make sure they have not passed their expiration date

19 April 202327

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES

On the side of the tire, you will also find the maximum allowable inflating pressure for that specific tire, some tires have a maximum pressure of 32 PSI some are rated at 44PSI and some even at 50 PSI. Check your specific tire to see what the maximum pressure is for your tires, it is an acceptable practice to have your tires a few pounds below maximum allowable pressure but not too much.

On the side of the tire, you will also find the maximum allowable inflating pressure for that specific tire, some tires have a maximum pressure of 32 PSI some are rated at 44PSI and some even at 50 PSI. Check your specific tire to see what the maximum pressure is for your tires, it is an acceptable practice to have your tires a few pounds below maximum allowable pressure but not too much.

19 April 202328

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES

Many of us have bought tires in the past and when they ask us the size of the tires we just read it from the old tire and give them to the person at the tire shop but, what do those numbers mean?

Many of us have bought tires in the past and when they ask us the size of the tires we just read it from the old tire and give them to the person at the tire shop but, what do those numbers mean?

19 April 202329

Think Safety

Unfortunately the majority of people purchase tires based on price instead of PURPOSEPURPOSE. As in most cases, you get what you pay for. So think about how much would you pay for your LIFELIFE, or your Family'sFamily's.

19 April 202331

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES

Different tires are designed for different pressures you will find your maximum tire inflation pressure on a small number next to the rim on the side of the tire, never exceed this pressure

Different tires are designed for different pressures you will find your maximum tire inflation pressure on a small number next to the rim on the side of the tire, never exceed this pressure

MAX PRESS ACCEPTABLE32 PSI 28 PSI44 PSI 35 PSI50 PSI 44 PSI

MAX PRESS ACCEPTABLE32 PSI 28 PSI44 PSI 35 PSI50 PSI 44 PSI

(44 psi) MAX PRESS(44 psi) MAX PRESS