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Writing up your work
Research Skills
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Ted Talk: Hans RoslingStats that reshape your worldhttp://youtu.be/hVimVzgtD6w
+Title
Straightforward and informative (not more than 15 words).
Enough to explain your study without going into too much detail.
Examples: Too little detail: Fast food purchases Too much detail: Differences in the fast food
purchasing habits of men and women in the last month in Brighton
Just right: Differences in the fast food purchasing habits of men and women
+Abstract
Must have: Explanation of research area Aims Main results and interpretations Implications of your results for science and/or
society
+Introduction
Quick explanation of research area
Summary of relevant past research
Purpose of study
Brief description of methods
Hypotheses
+Methods
Subsections: Participants: Who? Materials: What? Design: How? Procedure: How?
+Results
What are the main findings?
For example: Female participants ate fewer
hamburgers on average than males (Table 1).
Note: If you give numbers in tables, there is no need to repeat them in text. If you present information in a figure, give exact numbers in text as well.
+Tables: quantitative
Table 1: The mean number of fast food purchases made by males and females in last month.
+Tables: qualitative
Table 2: Frequency of internet usage among men and women.
+Figures: quantitative
Figure 1: The mean number of fast food purchases made by males and females in last month. Error bars show ± 1 S.E.M.
+Figures: qualitative
Figure 2: Frequency of internet usage among men and women.
+Discussion
Summary of purpose and results
Comparison to previous research
Possible faults
Wider implications (back up your assertions)
Future directions
Conclusions
+References
List of all references cited in the lab report.
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The world in a tiny drop of waterhttp://www.microbehunter.com/2012/12/16/using-the-microscope-slide-adjustment-focussing/
Microscopy
+Microscopy
Microscopes are used to view things that are too small to see without help. Dissecting microscope –
view entire 3-D objects under low power.
Compound light microscope – examine very small or thinly sliced objects under higher magnification.
+Microscopy
Stains that bind to cellular structures are used to help increase the contrast and allow you to see the structures more clearly.
+Using the Microscopes
Always use 2 hands to handle the scopes!
Be VERY CAREFUL when moving the microscopes.
Never remove any part of the microscope.
+Using the Microscopes
ALWAYS adjust the nosepiece so that the LOWEST OBJECTIVE LENS is in place when removing a slide and when putting the microscope away!
NEVER, EVER use the COARSE FOCUS when you are working with high power!
+Using the Microscopes
Always start with the lowest power lens – this gives you the widest field of view.
Find what you are looking for, CENTER and FOCUS as well as you can.
Then, change to the next objective lens.
Return to low power before removing the slide.
+Rules
Lowest power objective lens in position at beginning and end.
Use only lens paper for cleaning lenses.
Do not tilt the microscope when you are using a wet mount.
Keep stage clean & dry.
DO NOT REMOVE PARTS!!!!
Turn light all the way down, then turn off before unplugging.
Replace cover when finished.
Report any problems.
+Total Magnification
Compound Light Microscopes have 2 magnifying lenses. Objective lens – 4X, 10X, 20X, 40X Ocular lens (in the eyepiece) – 10X
Total magnification – multiply the objective lens (4, 10, 20, or 40) by the ocular lens (10).
+Field of View
Field of view – the circular area that is visible when you look into the microscope. Measure the diameter, estimate lengths of
objects that take up part of the field of view.
Depth of field – play with the focus while viewing the slide with colored threads.
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