high rise vertical circulation and service

Study onVertical Circulation & Service……………..

Vertical circulation:Vertical circulation, as usually applied in architecture, is the movement of people and goods between interior spaces in buildings and to entrances and exits. Safe, convenient, rapid circulation is essential for all buildings under both normal and emergency conditions.

Element of Vertical circulation:1. RAMP.2. STAIR.3. ESCALATOR.4. ELEVATOR.

Service:Simply state that service is defined as those part of a building that consists of the service lift, fire stair,Toilet, M&E service riser duct .

Element of Service :1. TOILET2. FIRE STAIR.3. SERVICE/FIRE ELEVATOR4. RISER DUCT

Elements of service :

1. TOILET

2. PLUMBING

3. DUCTING

4. SERVICE/FIRE LIFT

5. FIRE STAIR

PLAN: SEARS TOWER

The core of a multistory building that integrates functions and service needs for established occupants. Such areas are normally composed of toilet facilities, elevator banks, janitors’ closet, utilities, mechanical facilities, smoke shafts and stair. Core also known as facade envelope is a spatial element for load-bearing high-rise building system

Types of core:

1. central core

2. Split core

3. End core

4. Atrium core

Structure of Core:

a. If the building structure been R.C.C,the core structure should be shear wall. In this case core structure may not be steel structure.

b. If the building structure been steel , the core structure should be steel structure. In this case core structure may be R.C.C structure.

c. If the building structure been Composite ,the core structure should be shear wall. In this case core structure may not be steel structure.

Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:(ELEVATOR)

ARRANGEMENT TWO-CAR GROUPING

•Side-by-side arrangement is best•Passenger face both cars& can react immediately•AVOID separation of elevators•EXCESSIVE separation destroy advantages of group operation

THREE-CAR GROUPING

•3 cars in a row is PREFERRABLE•2 cars opposite 1 is acceptable •PROBLEM: location of elevator call button

ARRANGEMENT FOUR-CAR GROUPING

•commonly in large, busier buildings•2-opposite-2 arrangement is the most efficient

SIX-CAR GROUPING

•found in large office buildings, public buildings & hospitals•provide quantity & quality•3-opposite-3 position is PREFERRED •dimension of the LOBBY must not be less than 3m or 3.6m if function as a passageway

ARRANGEMENT EIGHT-CAR GROUPING

•the largest PRACTICAL group•4-opposite-4 arrangement

EXPRESS ELEVATOR :• fastest elevator• interval stoppage: specific floor• interval time: 33 ft/s(World Trade Centre) 54 ft/s (Taipei 101)

LOCAL ELEVATOR :• normal speedy elevator• interval stoppage: each floor• interval time: up to 10 ft/s

ELEVATOR

1.Central Core

Elevator position preferable in centre &Horizontal circulation is easier

ELEVATOR

2.Split Core

Individual elevator layout position according to using purpose &

Horizontal circulation is noteasier

ELEVATOR

3.End Core

Horizontal circulation is noteasier

ELEVATOR

4.Atrium Core

Horizontal circulationis easier

STAIR & FIRE EXIT

1.Central Core

Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(STAIR & FIRE EXIT)

Easily escape for central position & mechanical lighting

2.Split Core

STAIR & FIRE EXIT

More easily escape for split position

3.End Core

STAIR & FIRE EXIT

Easily escape for end position

4.Atrium Core

STAIR & FIRE EXIT

Mechanical lighting

SERVICE ELEVATOR

1.Central Core

FIRE ELEVATOR

Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(SERVICE & FIRE ELEVATOR)

2.Split Core

SERVICE ELEVATOR

FIRE ELEVATOR

3.End Core

SERVICE ELEVATORFIRE ELEVATOR

4.Atrium Core

SERVICE ELEVATOR

• Toilet layout should be in service core• Toilet block should be near of riser duct• Block position is located in a place so that

people can use it without access in lift lobby

Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(TOILET)

TOILET

1.Central Core

2.Split Core

TOILET

3.End Core

TOILET

4.Atrium Core

TOILET

Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(RISER DUCT)

• Duct layout should be near of toilet block for cost effective ducting• Duct shaft should be included maintenance door

RISER DUCT

1.Central Core

2.Split Core

RISER DUCT

3.End Core

RISER DUCT

4.Atrium Core

RISER DUCT

Ventilating is the process of replacing air in any space to provide high indoor air quality ( to control temperature, replenish oxygen, or remove moisture, odors, smoke, heat, dust, airborne bacteria and carbon dioxide). Ventilation is used to remove unpleasant smells and excessive moisture, introduce outside air, to keep interior building air circulating, and to prevent stagnation of the interior air.

Types of ventilation:1. Natural ventilation: occurs when the air in a space is

changed with outdoor air without the use of mechanical systems, such as a fan. Most often natural ventilation is assured through operable windows. Open windows or vents are not a good choice for ventilating a basement or other below ground structure. Allowing outside air into a cooler below ground space will cause problems with humidity and condensation.

2. Mechanical ventilation: an air handling unit or direct injection to a space by a fan. A local exhaust fan can enhance infiltration or natural ventilation, thus increasing the ventilation air flow rate.

3. Mixed Mode Ventilation: both mechanical and natural ventilation processes.

Natural ventilation

Mechanical ventilation

Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(VENTILATION)

Preferable ventilation: Mechanical.

Preferable ventilation: Natural.

Preferable ventilation: Natural & Mechanical

1.Central Core

4.Atrium Core3.End Core

2.Split Core

Mechanical Ventilation

Natural Ventilation

Natural Ventilation & Mechanical Ventilation

Case study – National :

Babylonia, Dhaka

Shanta western tower, Dhaka

Babylonia:Project name: Babylonia Architect: Mustapha Khalid PalashLocation: Bir Uttam Mir Shawkat Sarak, TejgoanLand area: 40 katha, 28818 sq.ftOccupancy type: commercialBuilding stories: 12 stories +3 basementNo of floor: 15Size of spaces: 4363-14566 sq.ftNo of lift: 5Car parking :128+

Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:Core Type: End Core

1.Lift Lobby2.Stair3.Fire Exit4.Toilet Block5.Commercial space

Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:

1.ELEVATOR

FIRE EXIT

Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of SERVICE:

FIRE & SERVICE ELEVATOR

TOILET

RISER DUCT

End Core : Natural Ventilation

Shanta western tower, Dhaka

Project name: Shanta western towerArchitect: Mustapha Khalid PalashLocation: Bir Uttam Mir Shawkat Sarak, TejgoanOccupancy type: commercialBuilding stories: 14 stories + 3 basementNo of floor: 17No of lift: 7Car parking :333+

Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:Core Type: Central Core

1.Lift Lobby2.Fire Exit3.Toilet Block4.Commercial space

WEST PARTSOUTH PART

NORTH PARTEAST PART

1.ELEVATOR

WEST PARTSOUTH PART

NORTH PARTEAST PART

FIRE EXIT

WEST PARTSOUTH PART

NORTH PARTEAST PART

FIRE & SERVICE ELEVATOR

WEST PARTSOUTH PART

NORTH PARTEAST PART

TOILET

WEST PARTSOUTH PART

NORTH PARTEAST PART

RISER DUCT

WEST PARTSOUTH PART

NORTH PARTEAST PART

Central Core:Mechanical Ventilation

WEST PARTSOUTH PART

NORTH PARTEAST PART

References : Books:1. Service core.2. Eco-sky scraper.3. Tall Building structure

Website:4. www.skyscrapercity.com5. www.skyscraperpage.com6. www.wekipedia.com7. www.wekiarchitectura.com

Group : 05

ST ID:116005 116009 116030

Thank You

high rise vertical circulation and service

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