Beijing’s Declaration and Platform for Action agenda: Progress in Europe and Central Asia

Beijing’s Declaration and Platform for Action agenda: the Progress in Europe and Central Asia Region

Since 1995

March 2014

Education and Training of Women Share of Women amongst Illiterate adults

Education and Training of WomenSome progress can be noted in women’s access to education.

Education and Training of Women

Women and Poverty

In the region women still earn less than men in similar jobs.

*Indicator definition: Gender pay gap is the difference between men’s and women’s average earnings from employment, shown as a percentage of men’s average earnings.

Women and HealthLife-expectancy of both men and women has been gradually rising.

However, women out-live men by almost 10 years on average.

Women and Health More women have now better access to reproductive health services.

Women and Health More women have access to professional medical care when giving birth.

Women and Health Number of women infected by HIV has been rising.

Violence against Women

Violence against women remains a serious challenge in the region

National statistics on violence against women that would allow for meaningful regional comparisons in the time-frame chosen are scarce

In this region violence often remains unreported due to fear of stigma, unawareness of legal rights or distrust in the police and legal system.

Gender perspective is only a recent addition to conflict resolution and management and has not been widely implemented yet.

Gender disaggregated data on armed conflicts that would allow for meaningful regional comparisons in the time-frame chosen are scarce

6 countries in the region have national action plan for the implementation of .UN Security Council Resolution 1325 (UNSCR 1325).: Georgia, Kyrgyz Republic, Lithuania , Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Serbia

UNSCR 1325 is the first legal documents that specifically addresses the impact of war on women, and women's contributions to conflict resolution and sustainable peace.

Women and Armed Conflicts

There are still fewer economically active women than men.

Women and the Economy

Women and the Economy

Women in Power and Decision-makingEnsuring women’s equal participation in political life on the highest legislative and

executive levels remains a challenge.

Women in Power and Decision-makingEnsuring women’s equal participation in political life on the highest legislative and

executive levels remains a challenge.

Institutional Mechanisms for Advancement of Women

National machineries for advancement of women have been strengthened.

National Machinery for Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment are in place in 21 countries of region : Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Georgia , Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuania, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Tajikistan, The FYR of Macedonia, Turkey, Ukraine Uzbekistan

Human Rights of Women There is little data available on human rights and women in the region. Progress can be

systematically monitored only on the level of legislation and compliance with international agreements.

1979 1995 2000 2005 Present

AlbaniaArmenia

Azerbaijan Belarus

Bosnia and HerzegovinaCroatiaCyprusGeorgia

KyrgyzstanLithuania

PolandRepublic of Moldova

RomaniaTajikistan

The FYR MacedoniaUkraine

TajikistanTurkmenistan

Uzbekistan Kazakhstan SerbiaTurkey Montenegro

Ratification , Accession, Signature of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)

Source: UN Treaty Collection

Human Rights of Women All countries of the region have either accessed of ratified Convention on the Elimination

of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW),

1979 1995 2000 2005 Present

Albania

Armenia

Belarus

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Croatia

Cyprus

Georgia

Lithuania

Poland

Republic of Moldova

Romania

Tajikistan

The FYR Macedonia

Ukraine

Azerbaijan

Kazakhstan

Kyrgyzstan

UzbekistanSerbia

Montenegro

Source: UN Treaty Collection

National statistics on women and media that would allow for meaningful regional comparisons in the time-frame chosen are scarce.

Data that is available suggests that women’s participation in media production varies to a large extent from country to country and there is little consistent progress to be seen.

Women and the Media

Female Journalists (% of total for both sexes)

 Country 1995 2000 2005 2010

Croatia .. 35.5.. 41.9

Cyprus 31.3 43.6.. ..

Georgia 80.7 80.5.. ..

Lithuania 50.. .. ..

Turkey .. .. 30.1..

Source: UNECE Statistical Database, compiled from national official sources.

There is little systematically collected data available on women and environment.

Nonetheless, efforts has been made to understand the inter-linkages between gender and environment. Gender-sensitive indicators have been suggested amongst others by the FAO and the UNSTATS.

Women and the Environment

Adolescent fertility rate have notably lowered, but data from 2010 suggests that the trend could be turning up.

The Girl-child

The Girl-childMost countries have brought their legal minimum age of marriage into accordance with international laws

S ub-re gion Country S ubgroup 20 0 0 2 0 0 5 2 01 0 Lates tF e m a le 1 7 17 17 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 7 17 17 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 8 18 18 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 8 18 18 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 6 16 16 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18

F e m a le 1 7 17 17 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 8 18 18 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 8 18 18 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 7 17 18 18M a le 1 7 17 18 18F e m a le 1 7 17 17 17M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 6 16 18 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 8 18 18 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 8 18 18 18M a le 2 1 21 21 18F e m a le 1 8 18 18 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 8 18 18 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 8 18 18 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 8 18 18 18M a le 1 8 18 18 18F e m a le 1 5 17 17 17M a le 1 7 17 17 17

W e ste rn Ba lka ns a nd

Turke y

Ce ntra l & Ea ste rn Europe

M inimum Le gal Age of M arriage without Cons e nt

Ca uca sus & CIS

Armenia

Azerbaijan

Ce ntra l Asia

Kazak hs tan

Georg ia

Tajik is tan

Romania

B elarus

Poland

R e pu bl i c o f M o l do va

Uk raine

Croatia

Kyrg yzs tan

Turk ey

Uzbek is tan

S erbia

Lithuania

Cyprus

B IH

The Girl-childSkewed sex-ratios at birth in South Caucasus and in parts of Western Balkan imply an

increase in prenatal sex selection and an intensification of son preference.

Country 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010Albania 1.06 1.065 1.07 1.078Armenia 1.077 1.151 1.173 1.151Azerbaijan 1.075 1.13 1.17 1.166Georgia 1.065 1.111 1.11 1.11Montenegro 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08Source: UN DESA Population Divison. World Population Prospects.

Sex ratio at Birth*

*Definition: Number of male live births per one female live birth.

Beijing Declaration and Platform for ActionSub-regions

Caucasus and CIS

AzerbaijanArmeniaBelarusGeorgiaRepublic of MoldovaUkraine

Central and Eastern Europe

Lithuania

Poland

Romania

Western Balkans and Turkey

AlbaniaBosnia and HerzegovinaCroatia

Cyprus

Kosovo*

The FYR Macedonia

Montenegro

Serbia

Turkey

Central Asia

Kazakhstan

Kyrgyzstan

Tajikistan

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

* Hereafter referred to in the context of the UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999)

For more information please visit : www. undp.orgSee the full report here :