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Group Members:Chung Man Sze, Connie (52218730)
Lam Tsz Chung, Jay (52217200)Li Yuen Man, Shurun (52168003)
Lung Yan Tung, Olivia (52224459)
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Background 5 elements of policy design Civil Engagement Process Decision making models
› Incrementalism (muddling-through)
Models of policy process› Stages Model
Policy implementation› Top-down approach
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In 1997, Financial turmoil Economic downturn Wage reduction
› called for establishment of statutory minimum wage (SMW)
On 11 Oct 2006, CE announced the launching of Wage Protection
Movement (WPM)工資保障運動
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Wage Protection Movement (WPM)工資保障運動
Cleaning workers & security guards Voluntary participation
Unsatisfactory result only 52% of the relevant workers was benefited
In 2008-2009 Policy Address, CE announced across-the-board SMW
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1997 2011
Oct 2006
15th Oct 2008
10th Jul 2009
15th Jul 2010
17th Jul 2010
10th Nov 2010
1st May 2011
Statutory minimum wage will come into
force
Second reading passed
Stopped WPM & appointed Provisional Minimum Wage Commission (臨時最低工資委員會 )
The Minimum Wage Bill passed
First reading of Minimum Wage Bill(最低工資條例草案 )
Wage Protection Movement (WPM)工資保障運動
Announced the minimum wage rate will be set on HK$28 per
hour
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Aims Forestall excessively low
wages Minimize the loss of low-
paid jobs while Sustaining Hong Kong’s
economic growth and competitiveness
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Statutory minimum wage (SMW)According to Minimum Wage Ordinance (Cap.608)
Applies to all employees (Full-time, part-time, casual, disable employees and employed under a continuous contract)
Exceptions: persons to whom the Employment Ordinance does not apply; live-in domestic workers; student interns
Paid wages not less than the minimum wage multiplying the total number of hours (HK$28 per hour )
Travelling time in connection with employment In attendance at a place of employment during meal
break
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Supporters Government Deputations The Hong Kong Joint Council for People with
Disabilities Low-income workers The Mental Health Association Chamber of Commerce e.g. The Chinese Manufacturers’
Association of Hong Kong(香港中華廠商聯合會 ), The Hong Kong Chamber of Commerce(香港總商會 )
Councilors e.g. Wong Kwok-hing
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Reasons of supporters
Protect workers’ wages Maintain workers’ dignity Maintain social stability Enhance domestic demand effectively Eliminate unscrupulous companies Alleviate the problem of poverty
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Opponent Employers’ group of foreign
domestic helpers Rehabilitation Alliance Hong
Kong (香港復康聯盟 ) The Hong Kong Council of
Social Service (香港社會服務聯會 )
Civic Alliance for minimum wage(民間爭取最低工資聯盟 )
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Reasons of Opponent Increase the cost of
employers Affect the competiveness
of enterprises Impair the efficient
allocation of labor by market forces
Reduction of employment opportunities among less-competitive workers
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The goals of the policy •Provide adequate income protection for elementary workers, •better protect the livelihood of low income workers•Alleviate the problem of poverty
The causal model •Problem: works’ income below the average rate•Response: establish a minimum wage
The tools of the policy •Minimum Wage System (coercive)
The targets of the policy •All employees
Implementation of the policy
•Deliberation: Panel on Manpower •(Provisional) Minimum Wage Commission•Discuss on the maximum working hours, minimum wages, calculation method with the organizations 12
Time What PMWC have do?
December 2009 to February 2010
First round Consultation Meetings- Attended by major trade unions, majoremployers' associations, employee associations,, labour policy concern groups, think tanks/policyresearch institutes and SME associations(中小企組織 ).
18 March 2010 to 26 April 2010
Invitation of views on the initial SMW rate- invite the public to give written submissions by sending appeal letters to stakeholders and some 7 600 Incorporated Owners/ Mutual AidCommittees/Owners’ Committees and posting advertisements on newspapers, radio, MTR cabins, bus compartments and the PMWC’s webpage
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Time What PMWC have do?
16 & 20 April 2010 Second round consultation meetings- Similar to First round Consultation Meetings
27 April to 3 May 2010
Continuation of invitation of views on the initial SMW rate- The deadline for written submissions was extended from 26 April to 3 May in response to requests of stakeholders. The extension was made known to the public by sending appeal letters to stakeholders and some 7 600 Incorporated Owners/Mutual Aid Committees/Owners’ Committees and posting advertisements on newspapers, radio, MTR cabins, bus compartments and the PMWC’s webpage since mid-April.
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Time What PMWC have do?
13 to 14 May 2010 Third round Consultation Meetings- Attended by 5 employer/employee associations of LPS, 3 major trade unions, 1 think tanks/policy research institute, 1 labour policy concern group and 1 major employers' association.
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Incremantalism(midding- through)
An alternative to the rationalist model Policy making is more about the political or
feasible than about rational or desirable; goals and values intertwined
Trial and error and fragmental analysis Marginal (incremental) change from status-quo
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永遠 21
WPM
First reading of Minimum Wage Bill(最低工資條例草案 )
Since the labour unions and the workers do not satisfy to result, WPM is not effective in protecting the workers’ right
Noise from Public of setting regulations for protecting workers’ right
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Why Using Incrementalism?
Micro: 2006 – 2011 From WPM minimum wage legislation
Incremental changeVoluntarily coercive WPM is a testing period
More about feasible than desirable
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Issue emergence• works’ income below the average rate• Unreasonable income
Alternative Selection
•Maximum time•Minimum wage•Calculation method
Evaluation Implementation May 2011
Enactment•October 2006 announced•July 2010 passed
Agenda Setting
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Policy ImplementationTop-down approach
The goals and strategies adopted and subsequent structured by the implementers of policy
Adopted by Chief Executive Passed to Panel on Manpower to deliberate (Provisional) Minimum Wage Commission
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Birkland, T. (2001).An Introduction to the Policy Process. NY: M.E. Sharpe.
Labour Department.(2011).Reference Guidelines on Statutory Minimum Wage for Employers and Employees. Retrieved March 28, 2011, from http://www.labour.gov.hk/eng/news/pdf/SMW_Guidelines.pdf.
Provisional Minimum Wage Commission. (2010). Report of the Provisional Minimum Wage Commission. Retrieved March 28, 2011, from http://www.labour.gov.hk/eng/rbo/PMWC_Report.pdf.
Legco paper. CB(2)290/08-09(05) Legco paper. CB(2)290/08-09(04)
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