Security & Preservation of Rare Materials: Planning an Environmental Building Model

Security & Preservation of Security & Preservation of Rare MaterialsRare Materials

Planning an Environmental Building Planning an Environmental Building ModelModel

ALA Annual ConferenceALA Annual ConferenceLibrary Administration and Management AssociationLibrary Administration and Management Association

Saturday, June 28, 2008Saturday, June 28, 2008

Speakers:Speakers:

Caryn J. Carr – Director, State Library of PennsylvaniaCaryn J. Carr – Director, State Library of PennsylvaniaDr. Larry Nesbit – Chair, Rare Books Room CommitteeDr. Larry Nesbit – Chair, Rare Books Room Committee

Cornelius Rusnov – Project ArchitectCornelius Rusnov – Project ArchitectDr. William Joyce –Dr. William Joyce – Head of Special Collections, Pennsylvania State Head of Special Collections, Pennsylvania State

UniversityUniversity

MissionMissionState Library of PennsylvaniaState Library of Pennsylvania

The State Library is established by statute to serve all branches of state government and to serve as a major research library

with an emphasis on resources for, by and about Pennsylvania.

Also Also

Federal Documents Depository Library Federal Documents Depository Library (Celebrating 150 Years of service)(Celebrating 150 Years of service)

Most comprehensive Pennsylvania Most comprehensive Pennsylvania newspaper collectionnewspaper collection

Deep genealogy and local history Deep genealogy and local history collectioncollection

The State Library Building The State Library Building Harrisburg, PennsylvaniaHarrisburg, Pennsylvania

The State Library of The State Library of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania

Main Reading Room

Law/Government Documents

Foyer, Forum Building

Nuremberg Chronicles - Nuremberg Chronicles - 14931493

Untitled Ephrata Cloister Untitled Ephrata Cloister Music Manuscript - 1754Music Manuscript - 1754

Prints from “American Ornithology” by Alexander

Wilson - 1865

Ben Franklin’s Kite & Key Experiment

19 October 1752 – Pennsylvania Gazette

State Library of State Library of Pennsylvania Traces its Pennsylvania Traces its

Founding to 1745Founding to 1745

Independence Hall

Assembly Collection

“The Library that Launched a Revolution”

Statutes at Large - 1735

“Protection of this priceless collection is vital to our Commonwealth’s heritage.”

Mathew J. Ryan, Speaker of the House August 1981

Rare Books CollectionRare Books CollectionFormer FacilitiesFormer Facilities

Timeline for Rare Books Room Timeline for Rare Books Room RenovationRenovation

1998 – Tour of Rare Books Room 1998 – Tour of Rare Books Room 1999 – Appointment of initial committee1999 – Appointment of initial committee 2001 – Full Committee established2001 – Full Committee established 2002 – Design began2002 – Design began 2003 – Construction on new facilities 2003 – Construction on new facilities

beganbegan 2004 – Groundbreaking2004 – Groundbreaking 2006 – Ribbon Cutting2006 – Ribbon Cutting

Original Original Rare Books Room Rare Books Room

CommitteeCommittee

Governor’s Advisory Council - Susan Governor’s Advisory Council - Susan ZugZug

Capitol Preservation CommitteeCapitol Preservation Committee Commissioner for LibrariesCommissioner for Libraries State Library DirectorState Library Director

Dr. Larry Nesbit, ChairDr. Larry Nesbit, Chair

Full Committee

Lt. GovernorLt. Governor President Pro President Pro

Tempore of SenateTempore of Senate Speaker of the Speaker of the

HouseHouseo Representative ZugRepresentative Zug

Capitol Preservation Capitol Preservation CommitteeCommittee

Gov. Adv. CouncilGov. Adv. Council

Lt. GovernorLt. Governor President Pro President Pro

Tempore of SenateTempore of Senate Speaker of the Speaker of the

HouseHouseo Representative ZugRepresentative Zug

Capitol Preservation Capitol Preservation CommitteeCommittee

Gov. Adv. CouncilGov. Adv. Council

House of Rep. ArchivistHouse of Rep. Archivist Dept. of Gen. ServicesDept. of Gen. Services

o Deputy SecretaryDeputy Secretaryo ArchitectArchitecto Project ManagerProject Manager

Department of Ed.Department of Ed.o Deputy Sec. For LibrariesDeputy Sec. For Librarieso State Library DirectorState Library Directoro Office of Comm. LibrariesOffice of Comm. Librarieso ArchivistArchivist

Ribbon Cutting Ceremony

Partners & PoliticsPartners & Politics

AdvocatesAdvocateso Representative Peter ZugRepresentative Peter Zugo Capitol Preservation CommitteeCapitol Preservation Committeeo President Pro Tempore of SenatePresident Pro Tempore of Senateo Speaker of the House of RepresentativesSpeaker of the House of Representativeso Lieutenant GovernorLieutenant Governor

The privilege of priorityThe privilege of priority

Developing political savvyDeveloping political savvy

Sunday Patriot NewsAugust 15, 2004

The Patriot NewsAugust 17, 2004

The Patriot NewsJune 9, 2008

‘… ‘… it is the duty of every good citizen to use all it is the duty of every good citizen to use all opportunities,opportunities, which occur to him, for preserving documents relating which occur to him, for preserving documents relating to theto the history of our country.’history of our country.’

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

Pennsylvania Rare Collections Pennsylvania Rare Collections LibraryLibrary

Project GoalProject Goal

To preserve Pennsylvania’s rare preserve Pennsylvania’s rare collections through the use of collections through the use of

preventative conservation principles. preventative conservation principles.

OutcomeOutcome

Collections are safeguarded within a Collections are safeguarded within a benign preservation-based benign preservation-based

environment.environment.

HarrisburgHarrisburg

The Influence of LocationThe Influence of Location

RCL – Rare Books Vault

RCL – Reading Room

Exhibit HallTransitional Area

Architectural Context – Forum Building

Exterior of the buildingExterior of the building No controlNo control

Interior of the building Interior of the building Very little controlVery little control

EnvironmentEnvironment

Building EnvironmentsBuilding Environments1.1. Exterior of the BuildingExterior of the Building2.2. Interior of the BuildingInterior of the Building

Rare Collections Library EnvironmentsRare Collections Library Environments3.3. Exhibit HallExhibit Hall4.4. Reading Room & Archivist’s Reading Room & Archivist’s

OfficeOffice5.5. Rare Books VaultRare Books Vault6.6. Work Area & Wood Pulp/LeatherWork Area & Wood Pulp/Leather7.7. Rare Newspaper RepositoryRare Newspaper Repository8.8. Heritage Collection Heritage Collection ((future constructionfuture construction))

9.9. Law Library Law Library ((future constructionfuture construction))

Nine Different EnvironmentsNine Different Environments

Project Scope (Complex)

1.1. ArchitecturalArchitectural2.2. HVACHVAC3.3. LightingLighting4.4. Fire Detection Fire Detection 5.5. Fire Suppression Fire Suppression 6.6. Security Security 7.7. Housing Housing

Seven Different Design StandardsSeven Different Design Standardsfor Each Separate Environmentfor Each Separate Environment

Project Scope (Complexity Continues)

Particulate FiltrationParticulate Filtration Microbial FiltrationMicrobial Filtration Molecular Gas-phase FiltrationMolecular Gas-phase Filtration TemperatureTemperature Relative Humidity/Dew PointRelative Humidity/Dew Point Ultra-violet Rays Ultra-violet Rays Infra-red Rays Infra-red Rays

Air Quality & ConditioningAir Quality & Conditioning

Environmental StandardsEnvironmental Standards

Solving Complex Issues

DRY BULB TEMPERATUR (C)M

OIS

TU

RE C

ON

TEN

T

Psychometrics

(Allowing for seasonal drift) Areas Completed

o Exhibit Hall 68-70º F, 20-45% R/H

o Reading Room/Archivist Office 66º F, 25-40% R/H

o Rare Books Vault 50-58º F, 25-45% R/H

o Work Area & Wood Pulp/Leather 55º F, 20-45% R/H

o Rare Newspaper Repository 50º F, 15% R/H

Future Construction o Transitional Area 55º F, 35% R/Ho Law Library 70–72º F, 25–45% R/H

Air ParametersRare Collections Library

No Ultraviolet. No Infra-red.No Ultraviolet. No Infra-red.Correct Intensity & Color for Collection(s)Correct Intensity & Color for Collection(s)

Lighting

ThermographyThermography

SCHEMATIC PLANSCHEMATIC PLAN

Transitional Rare Books Area

Exhibit Hall

Archivist’s Office

Reading RoomRare Books Vault

Transitional Rare Books Area

Work Area

Rare Newspaper Repository

GROUND FLOORGROUND FLOOREast Wing, FORUM BUEast Wing, FORUM BUILDING

LOWER LEVELLOWER LEVELEast Wing, FORUM BUEast Wing, FORUM BUILDING

Exhibit Hall – Ground Floor

Exhibit Hall – Ground Floor

Entrance to Reading Room from Exhibit Hall

Research/Reading Room – Ground Floor

Archivist Work Area

Rare Books Vault – Ground Floor

Post ConstructionRare Books Vault – Collection Relocation

Work Area – Lower Level

Protection

Disaster Preparedness Disaster Response

o Fire Detectiono Fire Suppression

Securityo Siteo Collection

Fire Alarm System

Fully addressable

Zoned

Integrated into building & complex systems

Pre-alarm, storage areas(EWSD) early warning smoke detection

EWSD Fire Detection

STAGE 4STAGE 1 STAGE 2 STAGE 3

VISIBLEVISIBLESMOKESMOKE

INTENSEINTENSEHEATHEAT

FLAMINGFLAMINGFIREFIRE

INCIPIENT STAGEINCIPIENT STAGENO VISIBLE SMOKENO VISIBLE SMOKE

TIMETIME

SM

OK

E D

EN

SIT

YS

MO

KE

D E

NS

ITY

FLAMEFLAME

IONION

BEAMBEAM

FIRE 1FIRE 1ALERTALERT ACTIONACTION

VESDALaser PLUS 88

FIRE 2FIRE 2

PHOTOPHOTO

SPRINKLERSPRINKLER

Suppression

Public Areas – Water Misting System Exhibit Hall Reading Room Archivist’s Office

Private Areas – Clean Agent System Rare Books Vault Rare Newspaper Repository Work Area

Public Area Suppression

Water Mist Fire Suppression System

Totally safe for humans Natural and non-toxic Effective protection without the

damage of traditional deluge water-based systems

Private Area Suppression

(3M Novec 1230) Fire Suppression System

Effective protection without the damage of water-based systems

Deemed safe for humans, non-toxic at concentration used

Deemed safe for the collections Extinguishes fire during the incipient stage

of combustion

Water Mist Fire Suppression

Security

Fully integrated into Capitol Security Systemo Cameraso Biometric Access

Arrangement of Spaces Selection of Construction Materials Staff

THE PENNSYLVANIA STUDYTHE PENNSYLVANIA STUDYLIEUTENANT GOVERNOR CATHERINE BAKER-KNOLL, HONORARY CHAIRLIEUTENANT GOVERNOR CATHERINE BAKER-KNOLL, HONORARY CHAIR

CENTRAL REGION

Ephrata Cloister 632 West Main Street Ephrata PA 17522

Kittochtinny Historical Society Franklin Co. official historical society75 East King Street Chambersburg PA 17201

Mansfield University, North Hall Library5 Swan Street Mansfield PA 16933

PA Archives 350 North Street Harrisburg PA 17120

Pattee and Paterno LibrariesPenn State University Park Campus510 Paterno Library University Park PA 16802

Southern York Public LibraryP.O. Box 239 80 Constitution Avenue Shrewsbury PA 17361

State Library607 South DriveHarrisburg PA 17120

Millersville UniversityPO Box 10021 South George StreetMillersville PA 17551

WESTERN REGION

Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh4400 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213

Raymond M. Blasco MD Memorial Library 160 East Front Street Erie PA 16507

EASTERN REGION

Albright Public Library 500 Vine Street Scranton PA 18509

Free Library of Philadelphia1901 Vine Street Philadelphia PA 19103

The Library Company 1314 Locust Street Philadelphia PA 19107

National Canal Museum 30 Centre Square Easton PA 18042

FIFTEEN IN-STATE SITESFIFTEEN IN-STATE SITES

THE PENNSYLVANIA STUDYTHE PENNSYLVANIA STUDY

5555

• Temp & R/H Studies……………………….15 sites

• VOC Studies…………………………..........15 sites

• Light Studies………………………………….15 sites

• Particulate Studies……………………………….RCL

• Pollutant Studies.…………………………………RCL

• Microbial Studies..…………………...............RCL• Energy Usage & Savings

Studies……………RCL• Fire Suppression

Studies……………………….RCL• Long-term Paper Aging Studies………..15 sites

• Short-term Paper Aging Studies.........15 sites

AREAS OF RESEARCH FOCUS:AREAS OF RESEARCH FOCUS:

CELLULOSE DEGRADATION IN AN ACETIC ACID ENVIRONMENT

A.-L. Dupont and J. TétreaultA.-L. Dupont and J. TétreaultStudies in Conservation, 2000Studies in Conservation, 2000

MIGRATION OF VOLATILE COMPOUNDS FROM PAPER STACKS DURING

ACCELERATED AGEING, PART II: VARIABLE TEMPERATURE STUDIES

SPONTANEOUS FORMATION OF ACIDS IN THE NATURAL AGING OF PAPER

A. Bulow, P. Begin, H. Carter, and T BurnsA. Bulow, P. Begin, H. Carter, and T BurnsRestaurator, 2000Restaurator, 2000

C. Shahani and G. HarrisonC. Shahani and G. HarrisonIIC Congress, 2002IIC Congress, 2002

AUTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF CELLULOSE PAPER IN SEALED

VESSELSP. Calvini, A. Gorassina, and A.L. MerlaniP. Calvini, A. Gorassina, and A.L. MerlaniRestaurator, 2007Restaurator, 2007

5757

ASTM 100 YEAR STUDYASTM 100 YEAR STUDY1998 - 20081998 - 2008

surrogate test books are composed of 15 different papers

5858

SURROGATE TEST BOOKS/TEXT SURROGATE TEST BOOKS/TEXT BLOCKSBLOCKS

• Ten commercial papersTen commercial papers• Ten accelerated aged commercial Ten accelerated aged commercial

paperspapers• 100 year(+) old paper100 year(+) old paper• 50 year(+) old paper50 year(+) old paper

• Custom formulated papersCustom formulated papers• Hand sheetsHand sheets

Air Pollutant Base Line Readings – 12/12/05Air Pollutant Base Line Readings – 12/12/05

Design Parameters

Identification of volatile organic compounds emitted by a naturally aged book using SPME/GC/MS

Agnes Lattuati-Derieux, Sylvette Bonnassies-Termes, Bertrand Lavedrine

Journal of Chromatography A, 1026 (2004) 9-18

Acetic AcidTolueneButyric AcidFurfuralBenzaldehydePhenolNonanalDecanalVanillinHexadecaneHeptadecaneOctadecane

Acetic Acid 4.0 ppb Formaldehyde 4.0 ppb SO2 1.0 ppb NO2 2.6 ppb

Ozone 2.0 ppb

Specifications For Air Pollutants In Storage And Exhibit Areas

Air Pollutant Standards

2X air exchange

rate

½ pollutant concentratio

n

?

Efficacy of intermittent ventilation for providing acceptable indoor air quality.

(Dr. M.H. Sherman Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

Energy Usage & Savings Studies:Energy Usage & Savings Studies:

power needed to drive fan ~ (fan speed)

3

higher air exchange rate

much higher electrical cost

Energy Usage & Savings Studies:Energy Usage & Savings Studies:

Fan Law

..

Preserving our Past for the FuturePreserving our Past for the Future