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Eco-certification: Can it deliver in the tropics?
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Eco-certification: Can it deliver in the tropics?
Photo: Wendy Miles
Topics
Eco-services of jungle rubber
Eco-certification promises and problems
Changes that could help
This is jungle rubber
Trees (Tata 2006)
Simpson’s Index: 0.72 Monoculture rubber: 0.07
Mammals 37 species, 9 endangered Monoculture rubber: 2 species
Birds 167 species, 28 endangered
, 10 CITESMonoculture rubber: 3 species
Photo: W
endy Miles
Diversity is becoming simplified
(van Noordwijk 1997)
1. Certification Authority Publishes Standards Published
2. Producer Compliance to
Standards Audited
3. Chain of Custody Certified
5. Consumers Purchase Product Offering ES
4. Ecolabel Attached to Marketed Product
Eco-certification: How does it work?
(van Noordwijk 1997)
Jungle rubber production has opportunity costs
(Budidarsono undated)
Improving on the promises
Shorten the biodiversity value chain with contracts
Contracts should:Guaranteed price premiums
Base payments on eco system performance
Allow an accounting chain of custody
Separating the biodiversity and material value chains
Separating the biodiversity and material value chains
Pay for achievement in biodiversity conservation
Allows more pay for better habitat, not for more commodity
Using science-based and local knowledge can create acceptance and improvement feedback loop
Offers incentive for site specific research
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Cases of System in Transition
Potential of Eco-Certification to Mitigate Biodiversity ThreatCompeting crop practice One crop practice,
competing land useCertified intensive use to support high value extensive use
Level Plot Plot Landscape
ExamplesWood, Rubber, Coffee,Cacao
Intensive rubber/extensiveNepenthes
Key features needed for eco-certification scheme to ensure conservation & developmentIndicatorsPrice premium
IndicatorsPrice premium
Conservation agreementIndicatorsPrice premium
Facilitated by existing conservation schemesYes No No
Reducing transaction costs: accounting chain of custody
Thank you
Tipping the scales for more eco-services
Net Income: Total revenue – total cost
Tipping the scales
Quantity produced
Transaction costs
Price received
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