ICWES15 - Painting the Picture - An Update on Women in Engineering Statistics in Australia....

Painting the PictureA Statistical Update on Women in Engineering in

Australia

Melissa Marinelli and Martina Calais15th International Conference for Women Engineers

and ScientistsAdelaide, July 2011

• Why? - Motivation and Aims• How? – Our Approach• What? - Key Statistics: Summary &

Significance• Next Steps

Overview

Motivation - Involvement in Women in Engineering activities• How effective are the efforts and is progress being made?• Regular publication of gendered statistics allows analysis of

trends

Aim – A foundation for a regular update of data• Painted the picture of women’s participation in:

• Engineering studies in Australia• Engineering workforce in Australia

• Be a foundation for a regular update of gendered statistical data

Why? – Motivation and Aims

• The Engineering Profession: A Statistical Overview 7th ed (Kaspura, 2010)

• The Engineering Profession in Australia, A Profile from the 2006 Population Census (Kaspura, 2010)

Data Source

• Data extracted from sources, segmented for gender

• Engineering Studies – 2001 to 2008• Workforce – 2006 snapshot

• Engineering Labour Force• Comparison group

Method

How? - Research Approach

Participation in

Engineering

Studies

Women with

Engineering

Qualifications

What? – Key Statistics

Commencements

Enrolments

Completions

1. Engineering Studies

2001 TO 2008

1. Engineering Studies

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 200810.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

18.0

20.0

22.0

24.0

% Female Completions (all courses)

% Female - All Completions % Female of all Domestic Completions % Female of all Overseas Completions

Year

%

Engineering Labour Force -

Gender (%)Engineerin

g Qualificatio

ns – Employment Status Engineerin

g Qualificatio

ns – Employment Status by Age

2. Women with Engineering Qualifications

2006 SNAPSHOT

2. Women with Engineering Qualifications

Employment full time68%

Employment part time9%

Employed, away4%

Unemployed, looking FT2%

Unemployed, looking PT1%

Not in the labour force17%

Engineering Labour Force, Males

Em-ploy-

ment full time49%

Employment part time18%

Employed, away4%

Unemployed, looking FT2%

Unemployed, looking PT2%

Not in the labour force26%

Engineering Labour Force, Females

Gender Pay Gap – FT and PT

Engineering Labour Force

Distribution

• Economic Sector

• Industry Sector

Engineering Labour

Force Distributio

n

• Occupation Type

3. Engineering Workforce – Issues

2006 SNAPSHOT

3. Engineering Labour Force – Pay Gap

Negati

ve Inc

ome

Nil Inco

me1 -

149

150 - 2

49

250 - 3

99

400 - 5

99

600 - 7

99

800 - 9

99

1000 -

1299

1300 -

1599

1600 -

1999

2000 o

r more

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

Weekly Income – Full-time Employees

Male Female

3. Engineering Labour Force – Segregation

AgricultureMining

ManufacturingElectricity, Gas, Water, Waste

ConstructionWholesale Trade

Retail TradeAccomodation & FoodTransport and Postal

Information and TelecommunicationsFinancial & Insurance

Rental, Hiring & Real EstateProfessional & Technical Services

Administrative & SupportPublic Administration & Safety

Education & TrainingHealth Care & Social

Arts & RecreationOther Services

Inadequately DescribedNot Stated

TOTAL

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%8%7%9%7%

5%10%

18%19%

6%8%

16%10%9%13%

8%16%

26%13%

8%8%

14%10%

92%93%91%93%

95%90%

82%81%

94%92%

84%90%91%

87%92%

84%74%

87%92%92%

86%90%

Engineering Labour Force - Employment by Industry Sector (%, Gender)

Females Males

3. Engineering Labour Force – Segregation

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

94% 90% 94%80% 77% 81%

95%86% 92% 84%

6% 10% 6%20% 23% 19%

5%14% 8% 16%

Engineering Labour Force - Occupation Type

Male Female

HIGHLIGHTS Slight growth in women in engineering studies

Gender difference in uptake of FT and PT workGender Pay Gap and Labour Force Gender

Segregation IMPLICATIONS Focus needed on

overseas students Opportunity to increase availability of PT work

Address Pay Gap!NEXT STEPS Develop statistics for publication on web

Update following 2011 censusConsider impact on EA and workplace activities

Conclusion and Next Steps

Thank you

Extra

1. Engineering Studies

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

84.1 84.4 85.1 85.1 84.9 84.3 84.0 82.7

15.9 15.6 14.9 14.9 15.1 15.7 16.0 17.3

Engineering Course Commencements - % by Gender

Male Female

1. Engineering Studies

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 200810.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

18.0

20.0

22.0

24.0

26.0

28.0

30.0Female Commencements - % (all courses)

% Female - All Commencements % Female of all Domestic Commencements

% Female of all Overseas Commencements

1. Engineering Studies

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

84.1 84.0 84.2 84.3 84.5 84.5 84.5 84.2

15.9 16.0 15.8 15.7 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.8

Engineering Course Enrollments - % by Gender

Male Female

1. Engineering Studies

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

82.9 83.1 82.9 83.3 82.9 83.5 83.1 82.4

17.1 16.9 17.1 16.7 17.1 16.5 16.9 17.6

Engineering Course Completions - % by Gender

Male Female

3. Engineering Labour Force – Inequities

Negati

ve Inc

ome

Nil Inco

me1 -

149

150 - 2

49

250 - 3

99

400 - 5

99

600 - 7

99

800 - 9

99

1000 -

1299

1300 -

1599

1600 -

1999

2000 o

r more

-5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

Weekly Income – Part-time Employees

Male Female