Busyness geekfest

How Effort Metrics and Utilization Constrict the Flow of Value

“PRODUCTIVITY” IS KILLING US

Adam.Yuret@gmail.com@AdamYuret

Please Turn Your Smartphones ON! #Geekfest

@AdamYuret Adam.Yuret@gmail.com

Who Is This Guy?!

Husband, Dad, Humanistic Lean Flow-‐Based Systems-‐Thinking Consultant at Context driven Agility (CDA)

Consulting, Sailor

My Two Favorite People

My Other Interest

Learning

Why Are We Here?

Discuss how the relentless pursuit of productivity is constraining our ability to effectively deliver value to our customers and businesses. !Discuss some alternatives to this approach of optimizing for busyness.

Oh Right, at This Session

But First, an Apology

Resource Efficiency Nightmare: 0% Utilization

Waste@AdamYuret Adam.Yuret@gmail.com

~100% Resource Efficiency

“Resource” Efficiency Nightmare 0% Utilization

That Guy Woke Up and Said…

What Can Happen When “Agile” Turns Up?

What Are Legalistic Frameworks?

● Prescriptive: Follow these rules and Agile hyper-‐productivity will be your reward.

● Castigate when the rules are not followed.

● Take pride in following those rules.

● Measure success based on compliance to the rules.

● Blame failure on lack of strict adherence to the rules.

Some Agile Adoption Antipatterns

Focus on Compliance to the Framework Over Value

!!!●What did you do yesterday? !

●What will you do today? !

● Any impediments?

Status reporting stand-‐up meetings

Splitting Teams & Creating Dependencies

Limit WIP/Visualize Flow of Value

Excessive Work in Progress (WIP) is the enemy of flow. By setting limits to work in progress we can enable greater flow.

Limit Work In Progress

If We Measure Busyness, We’ll Create More Busyness.

Little’s Law

Traditional management thinking treats all demand as equal. There is work to be done and people who do the work. Failure Demand is demand that originates from a failure to have done something right in the first place. Not all productivity is desirable.

What is Failure Demand?

Typical Example of Failure Demand

!Agile team produces growing velocity but, as they speed features out the door, bugs are introduced. When bugs come into the backlog they’re assigned velocity points. It is theoretically possible, therefore, to have a team producing zero value while increasing velocity fixing bugs.

Product Development Example

Pitfalls of Ignoring Failure Demand

Protecting Silos From Failure Demand Creates More…

● In order to keep developers typing at maximum utilization, we create teams to absorb the failure demand caused by developers typing at maximum utilization. These teams often have unlimited WIP and must consume an unending stream of demand. This also hides the problems from the people creating them.

“Dumpster Teams”

Value Demand

Quantify Value

Make Strategic Intents Visible

Clear Priorities Are Essential To Distributed Decision-‐Making

Stephen Bungay: Directed Opportunism

The Organization is Not a Machine, But an Organism, a Set of Human Relationships.

In Order to Have High Autonomy, High Alignment is Needed. To have High Alignment, Strategic Clarity is Needed.

Study This Guy’s Work

Principles of Product Development Flow

Utilization & Queuing Theory

Rules Are Waste

Create Slack

!●Variability Buffer !

● Learning !

● Innovation

Three Types of Slack

Slack as Variability Buffer

Flow Trumps Waste !

Value Trumps Flow

Lean Decision Filter

Flow Trumps WasteWhat Does That Mean?

Value Trumps FlowLean Decision Filter

!In general, reliability is the ability of a person or system to perform and maintain its functions in routine circumstances as well as in hostile or unexpected circumstances. In the case of emergency services, reliability looks at actual incident history data to measure historical performance in accordance with adopted performance measures.

!A unit unavailable for response provides no service to the community. The unit may be out of service for a multitude of reasons including; another emergency response, training, maintenance, etc. If a unit is not available 80% of the time, it is not reasonable to expect the unit to perform at the 80th percentile.

!…. Poor availability negatively influences response times.

Unit Hour Utilization

Slack For Learning

Read a Book

Capability Balancing

Lean Coffee

Slack For Innovation

!● Failure Demand ● Silos:“Dumpster Teams” ●Overloaded Bottlenecks ●Deadline-‐Driven Development ● Exponential Delays

What Happens Without Slack?

A Brief Digression Into Burndowns

Limit WIP, Eliminate Task-‐Tracking

Team Testimonials“Limiting our work in progress so we focused on completion was a big deal for us. It felt better to have 1 story than 5 tasks in progress.” –Lead Developer !“Development was very helpful with testing, volunteering to clear impediments and helping us test during the sprint.” –Lead Tester !“The team is excited and helping each other out during stand-‐up and working together in the War Room” –PM/SM

Focus On Value

A System Is Not The Sum of It’s Parts

THANK YOU!

@AdamYuret Sayat.me/ayuret Adam.Yuret@gmail.com

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