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11
GM recently reached a significant milestone: 500 million
vehicles built globally under our brands Chevrolet, Cadillac,
Opel, Wuling and others.
Within that exclusive 500-million production milestone are
dozens of innovations that have improved our customers’
lives and changed the face of the automotive industry.
GM recognizes this milestone as an opportunity to
recognize and thank the hundreds of millions of customers
who got us here, and celebrate the milestones and special
moments our customers have experienced in our vehicles.
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1. 500 Million cars would circle the globe approximately 68.5 times.
2. 500 Million cars would stretch to the moon and back approximately 3.5 times.
3. General Motors Company has manufacturing operations in 30 countries and sells vehicles in 140 countries in the world.
4. In 2014, GM sold 9.93 million new vehicles worldwide.
5. Since 2009, General Motors’ capital investments in the U.S. have totaled more than $16.5 billion.
6. 84% of global manufacturing waste is recycled: We recycle more waste than any other automaker.
FAST FACTS
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General Motors vehicle assembly, metal stamping, and/or powertrain operations *
North America• United States
• Canada
• Mexico
South America• Brazil
• Argentina
• Chile
• Columbia
• Venezuela
• Ecuador
Africa• Egypt
• Kenya
• South Africa
Asia• China
• South Korea
• India
• Thailand
• Vietnam
• Kazakhstan
• Australia (Manufacturing ceases 2017)
Europe• Germany
• United Kingdom
• Russia
• Poland
• Hungary
• Turkey
• Austria
• France
• Spain
• Ukraine
• Uzbekistan
* Includes wholly owned, joint ventures and third-party operations
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Our Largest Union Relationships
International Union, United Automobile,
Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers
of America (UAW)
• USA
The Union of Metal Mechanical Workers
• Brazil
The Korean Metal Workers Union (KMWU)
• Korea
Confederación de Trabajadores de México (CTM)
• Mexico
Unifor
• Canada
IG Metall
• Germany/Europe
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2013, 2014 and 2015 EPA ENERGY STAR® Partner of the Year-Sustained Excellence
• More than any other company
• Avoided $195 million in energy costs
EPA’s highest level of recognition for corporate energy management
70 Plants Met EPA Challenge for Industry
Equal to emissions from 244,000 homes
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122 Landfill-Free Facilities
No other manufacturer has as many facilities contributing zero waste to landfill
89 MANUFACTURINGOPERATIONS
NON-MANUFACTURINGOPERATIONS33
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1964: 100 Million in Worldwide Production
1978: 200 Million in Worldwide Production
1991: 300 Million in Worldwide Production
2003: 400 Million in Worldwide Production
PRODUCTION MILESTONES of GENERAL MOTORS BRANDED VEHICLES
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1912: First Electric Self-Starter
Eight years before the Nineteenth Amendment allowed American women to vote, Charles “Boss” Kettering made it possible for them to drive without first turning a heavy crank. The self-starter is still widely considered the most significant automotive innovation of the 20th century.
1912: Cadillac Invents First Electric Starter
1111
1915: Cadillac Introduces First Production V8 Engine
To appease motorists with a lead foot, Cadillac raised the bar for performance with the industry’s first V-type, water-cooled, eight-cylinder engine. The 314-cubic-inch engine produced 70 horsepower at 2,400 rpm and was the industry’s first major step toward high-speed, high-compression engines. The V-8 was standard on all 1915 Cadillac models.
1915: Cadillac Introduces First Production V8 Engine
1212
1915: Cadillac Introduces First Tilt-Beam Headlights
Cadillac’s introduction of tilt-beam headlamps, operated by a handle on the dash, was a major advance in night-time visibility and, like the self-starter, set the standard for others to follow.
1915: Cadillac Introduces First Tilt-Beam Headlights
1313
1924: First Proving Ground
Until there were dedicated proving grounds, automakers tested their vehicles on public roads – with the rest of humanity. GM opened the industry’s first proving ground facility in Milford, Michigan, in the U.S.
1924: GM Builds First Auto Test Track
1414
1928: Cadillac Unveils The Synchromesh Transmission
Cadillac’s “clashless” syncromesh transmission was the biggest advance to date in eliminating the chafing noise and friction of shifting gears and laid the foundation for the fully automatic transmission.
1928: Cadillac Unveils The Synchromesh Transmission
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Acquisitions
1931, Holden Added to Global Footprint
1929, Adam Opel Corporation Joins the GM Family
1925, Vauxhall Joins the Growing Global Family
16
1933: GM Invents The Two-Stroke Diesel Engine
Under “Boss” Kettering’s direction, GM Research developed a revolutionary two-stroke diesel engine that was smaller, lighter, far more powerful and more efficient than the traditional diesel. Within a few years, it was being applied to railroad locomotives, heavy commercial trucks, boats, and off-road equipment.
1933: GM Invents The Two-Stroke Diesel Engine
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1934: GM Develops First Independent Wheel Suspension
GM Engineering developed the first independent wheel suspension system, lessening the impact when any of a car’s four wheels hit a bump or hole and making the car safer as well as more comfortable. Popularly known as “knee-action” suspension because of the way each wheel was connected to the axle, it was introduced in all 1934 model year GM cars in the North American market.
1934: GM Develops First Independent Wheel Suspension
18
1934: First Barrier Impact and Rollover Tests
In an effort to understand how to reduce crash-related fatalities and injuries to the motoring public, GM conducted the industry’s first barrier impact tests and the industry’s first rollover tests at its Milford, Michigan, proving ground in the U.S. The tests quickly became standard across the industry and were adopted by government safety agencies.
1934: GM Conducts First Rollover Test
19
1937: GM First Automaker To Recognize Right To Represent
Workers at two GM plants in Flint, MI, began a sit-down strike the last week of December. The strike ended on 1937-February-11, with General Motors recognizing the International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America (UAW) as having the right to represent workers who were union members.
1937: GM First Automaker To Recognize Right To Represent
20
1938: GM Introduces First Column-Mounted Gearshift
Pontiac introduced the industry’s first column-mounted gearshift, with the lever to change gears placed under the steering wheel rather than on the floor. The result made gear-shifting simpler and less distracting for many drivers and made more room for a third passenger in the front seat.
1938: GM Introduces First Column-Mounted Gearshift
21
1940: First Fully Automatic Transmission
GM introduced the industry’s first fully automatic transmission, called the Hydra-Matic, on the 1940 Oldsmobile. It was soon adopted by the entire industry.
1940: GM Introduces First Automatic Transmission
22
1945: Cancer Fighters
In the 1940s, two famously brilliant General Motors executives, Alfred P. Sloan and Charles F. Kettering, joined forces to establish the Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI), which has since become one of the nation's leading biomedical research institutions. In 1960, a new corporate entity — Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center — was formed to coordinate and guide the overall policy for Memorial Hospital and the Sloan Kettering Institute.
1945: Sloan Kettering Institute Established
23
1952: First Mechanical Open-Heart Surgery Heart Pump
Heart disease was once a death sentence. GM researchers developed and donated a mechanical heart pump that enabled the world’s first open-heart surgery – right in Detroit. Today it’s in the hands of the GM Heritage Center.
1952: GM Builds First Mechanical Pump For Open-Heart Surgery
24
1955: First Small-Block V-8
Power to the people: Chevrolet introduced its famous small-block V-8 engine on its 1955 model year cars and trucks, bringing performance to the masses. Sixty-one years later, the small-block is still renowned for its performance and durability.
1955: Chevrolet Introduces Small Block V8
25
1962: GM Introduces First Production Turbocharged Engine
While turbochargers had long been applied to internal combustion engines in many different applications to boost their power, General Motors became the first automaker to offer a turbocharged engine on a production car when it launched the Oldsmobile Cutlass Turbo Jetfire.
1962: GM Introduces First Production Turbocharged Engine
26
1963: GM Builds First Vehicle Emissions Control Device
GM researchers identified engine blow-by gas as a major source of hydrocarbon emissions and developed the Positive Crankcase Ventilation valve, commonly known as the PCV valve, to cap the leak. Made standard on all GM cars sold in the U.S. beginning in 1963, it was the industry’s first vehicle emissions control device.
1963: GM Builds First Vehicle Emissions Control Device
27
1964: European GM Design Center is opened in Rüsselsheim
1964: European GM Design Center opened in Rüsselsheim
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1966: Opening of the Opel Test Center inDudenhofen, Germany
1966: Opel Test Center in Dudenhofen Opens
29
1967: GM Introduces First Energy-Absorbing Steering Column
GM introduced the industry’s first energy-absorbing steering column, another safety milestone which helped reduce the force of impact if a driver was in a severe frontal collision.
1967: GM Introduces First Energy-Absorbing Steering Column
30
1969: First Manned Lunar Mission Technology
In the 1960s, the world was engrossed in the space race. Through its AC Electronics division, GM developed and manufactured the inertial guidance and navigation systems for the entire Apollo moon program (including Apollo 11, the first manned landing, in 1969).
1969: GM Develops Apollo Moon Program Guidance System
31
1971: First Use of Unleaded Gasoline
GM was the first automaker to offer cars that run on unleaded gasoline, a major breakthrough in reducing vehicle exhaust emissions. Lungs all over the world rejoiced.
1971: GM First To Build Cars Running On Unleaded Gasoline
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GM was responsible for all mobility systems and components of the Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV) that Apollo 15 astronauts first drove on the moon in 1971.
1971: GM Helps Develop Lunar Rover
33
1972: New Standard for Frontal Crash Testing
GM’s Hybrid II family of crash-test dummies was such a durable and repeatable assessment tool that the U.S. government made it the standard for all frontal crash testing for compliance with regulations governing restraint systems. The Hybrid III family would follow in 1997.
1972: GM Crash Dummies Become Industry Standard
34
1974: First Air Bags
GM was the first automaker to offer an air cushion restraint system, later known as the airbag, in its vehicles.GM conducted the first large field test of air bags with a fleet of 1973 Chevrolet Impalas and offered air bags as a regular production option on several vehicles for 1974.
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates airbags saved nearly 40,000 lives in the U.S. alone from 1987-2012.
1974: GM First Automaker To Offer Air Bags
35
1975: GM First To Offer Catalytic Converter
To reduce vehicle emissions and improve vehicle performance in vehicles using unleaded fuel, GM introduced the catalytic converter, a technology it began developing in the 1960s and the most important step in reducing automotive emissions to date. All 1975 model year GM cars sold in the U.S. and Canada were equipped with the catalytic converter, as are all cars sold by all competitors today. GM made its technology available to the rest of the industry at no cost.
1975: GM First To Offer Catalytic Converter
36
1983, Joining with Toyota to Create NUMMI
1983: Joining with Toyota to Create NUMMI
GM and Toyota signed a landmark joint venture agreement creating New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc. (NUMMI), to produce small cars at an assembly plant in Fremont, Ca., that had been previously been operated by GM alone. NUMMI soon became a learning laboratory for both companies.
37
1990, Making an Impact
1990: Making an Impact
GM made headlines across the industry with the debut of its Impact electric-powered concept car, predecessor to the EV1 and the beginning of an industry-wide effort to augment traditional automotive propulsion in order to further reduce emissions and improve fuel efficiency.
38
1992, The First GM Joint Venture in China
1992: The First GM Joint Venture in China
GM joined with China’s Jinbei Automotive Company to establish a joint venture called Jinbei GM Automotive Company Ltd. to produce light commercial vehicles in China. This marked GM’s postwar return to China, where the company had been a major automotive player before World War II.
39
1996: GM OnStar First Vehicle Telematics System
Customers were introduced to unprecedented connectivity, safety and security when GM developed OnStar, the world’s first in-vehicle, hands-free voice communication system. OnStar uses global positioning and satellite telecommunications to link vehicle users to OnStar advisers, who provide a host of services ranging from driving directions to emergency assistance on a 24/7 basis. OnStar is offered across GM’s North American product lineup and on select products in China. It is expected to be offered in Europe in 2015.
1996: GM OnStar First Vehicle Telematics System
40
1998: First Buick off production line in General Motors-SAIC joint venture plant in Shanghai
1998: First Buick off the line in new JVpartnership
The first Buick rolling off the production line in the General Motors-SAIC joint venture plant in Shanghai, marking the Buick brand’s proud return to China.
41
2001: GM OnStar Provides Personal Calling
OnStar offered hands-free Personal Calling, allowing vehicle drivers to place and receive telephone calls and access e-mail, news, and other information while keeping their hands on the wheel and their eyes on the road.
2001: GM OnStar Provides Personal Calling
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2002: GM Daewoo Auto & Technology (Currently GM Korea) Founded
2002: GM Daewoo Auto & Technology Founded
GM Daewoo Auto & Technology (Currently GM Korea) started its operations on October 17, 2002, with GM and its partners Suzuki and SAIC holding a stake of 66.7% with investments of US$400 million.
43
2007: Largest Fuel Cell-Electric Vehicle Demo Fleet
2007: Largest Fuel Cell-Electric Vehicle Demo Fleet
As part of a larger effort to diversify sources of transportation fuel, GM deployed 100 Chevrolet Equinox Fuel Cell vehicles in the U.S. – the largest-ever market test of fuel cell-electric vehicles. Considerable fuel cell research also took place in Germany and Japan.
44
2010: EN-V Personal Mobility Concept
2010: EN-V Personal Mobility Concept
To address congestion and pollution in large, global cities, GM introduced the EN-V electric, networked vehicle at the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai. It is the first urban personal mobility concept that combines battery-electric propulsion, a dedicated short-range communications, sensing, and GPS platform, a small design footprint, and high maneuverability. It embodies a vision of city living that supported the Expo theme of “Better City, Better Life.”
45
2011: First E-REV to Market (Chevrolet Volt)
2011: First E-REV to Market (Chevrolet Volt)
Hello E-rev, goodbye gas station. The 2011 Chevrolet Volt extended-range electric vehicle (E-REV) went on sale in North America in 2010. Its revolutionary Voltecpropulsion system delivers between 25-50 miles (40-80 kilometers) of electric driving (depending on terrain, driving techniques and temperature) with a long-life, 16-kWh lithium-ion battery and 111-kW (149-hp) electric drive unit; and up to 344 miles of extended range with an onboard 1.4-liter engine. E-rev technology also was introduced in Europe and China.
46
2011: Industry’s First Front Center Air Bag
2011 General Motors introduces the industry’s first front center air bag
This air bag deploys from the right side of the driver’s seat in a serious, far side-impact crash. When only the driver is involved in a passenger-side crash, the air bag provides additional restraint. When there is a front-seat passenger, the air bag can help prevent serious injuries or fatalities by keeping the driver’s and passenger’s heads from knocking together.
47
2012: Opening of GM China Advanced Technical Center (Phase II)
2012: Opening of GM China AdvancedTechnical Center Phase II
The GM China Advanced TechnicalCenter, China’s most comprehensive andAdvanced automotive developmentcenter, opened in Shanghai. It includesresearch and development, advanceddesign, vehicle engineering and OnStarlaboratories.
Phase I was completed in 2011.
48
2014: First Automaker with Female CEO
2014: First Automaker with Female CEO
Mary Barra is named CEO, making GM the first automaker with a female CEO.
49
2014: First Vehicle WiFi Hot Spot Capability
2014: First Vehicle WiFi Hot Spot Capability
To help customers stay in touch in an increasingly connected world, OnStar was first to bring available WiFi hotspot capability into GM vehicles, along with 4G LTE that provides a reliable, high-speed access to information, entertainment, and more. The largest deployment in the automotive industry to date.
50
2015 Long-Range Electric Vehicle Concept
Customers said: Build it and we will come. A month after introducing the Bolt EV Concept at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit, GM announced it will build the hatchback at its Orion (Mich.) Assembly Plant. It will have an all-electric range of about 200 miles on a single charge. When it goes on sale in 2017 it will be the industry’s first affordable, long-range EV – at about 30,000, and be sold in all 50 states. Bolt will have a choice of driving modes — so drivers can decide how sparingly they want to use the battery's charge to stretch their electric range — and the car will have a fast-charging system.
2015: Chevrolet Commits To Build Long-Range Electric Vehicle
52
1925, The Birth of GM do Brasil
GM do Brasil went into operation with a new plant in Sao Caetano that not only assembled vehicles but also built bus bodies and automotive components.
53
1926, Global Expansion Accelerates
GM continued its global expansion in 1926 with the creation of new subsidiaries and facilities in Asia and South America, beginning with General Motors Australia Pty. Limited. Plants were opened in Melbourne, Perth, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide, Australia . . .
54
1926, Global Expansion Accelerates
… General Motors New Zealand, Ltd., with assembly operations at Petone…
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... and a new assembly plant opened by GM Japan in Osaka . . .
1926, Global Expansion Accelerates
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. . . General Motors South Africa Pty. Limited (GMSA), a wholly owned subsidiary based in Port Elizabeth, South Africa . . ..
1926, Global Expansion Accelerates
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1927, Global Expansion Accelerates
. . . followed in 1927 with General Motors Java (now Indonesia).
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1928, GM Begins Building in India
General Motors India was established with a new assembly plant on the outskirts of Bombay (now Mumbai), where it was soon assembling Chevrolet cars, trucks, and buses. GM continued assembling and selling vehicles in India until 1954, when all foreign manufacturers were forced out of the country. GM re-entered the Indian market in 1995.
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1929, GM Establishes its First Headquarters in China
With other bases already established in strategic locations across Asia, GM China established a new headquarters in Shanghai. By now, the Buick brand was well established as the most popular large car in China. Dr. Sun Yat Sen, often called the George Washington of modern China, was photographed riding in a Buick.
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1945, A New Beginning in Peru
With the war ending and plans in the works to resume production worldwide, GM opened GM del Peru, its newest business unit in Latin America, with a plant in Lima dedicated to assembling trucks and commercial vehicles.
65
1948, Venezuela Comes On Line
GM began building vehicles in Venezuela with the establishment of General Motors Interamerica Corporation and the completion of a new plant in Caracas: the first auto plant ever built in Venezuela.
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1975, Kenya Joins the Family
General Motors Kenya was established as a joint venture to build and assemble select GM vehicles for that country and other African markets.
67
1990, Entering Hungary
GM formed a joint venture with Hungarian automaker RABA, a state-owned enterprise, in 1990 and began building engines and assembling vehicles in Hungary two years later.
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1997, Rosario, Argentina Facility Opens
In 2011, Rosario was declared landfill-free and in 2013, it became the first GM plant in the Americas to obtain 50001 certification from the International Organization for Standardization.
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2000: GM’s New Assembly Plant Opens in Thailand
GM’s new assembly plant in Rayong, Thailand, was modeled after the advanced plant in Eisenach, Germany. GM CEO Jack Smith, at far right, toured the new facility with Thai dignitaries.
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