By Kevin Tenerelli

Reasons for War Race War – Haitian War for Independence (1791-

1803) between white planters and mixed blood, until pure blacks ultimately dominated, 1791, affranchis wanted liberties the same as given by the French Revolution

Ideology of Independence – Criollos (pure Spanish blood born in New World) didn’t have political opportunities, most of which given to Spanish people born in spain

-Mestizos, Indians, and Blacks were treated even worse and were heavily taxed

-Other wars also influenced this such as the American Revolution (1775-1783) and the French Revolution (1789-1799)

Separation Versus Union – New geographical territories were mountainous and had assorted geographical barriers that made it difficult to be unionized.

-Argentina dealt with breaking apart for around 6 decades (1816-1861)

Boundary disputes – boundaries were poorly defined and made it difficult for Spanish Kings to control because of their inadequate knowledge of the geography

- Spanish South America colonies were reorganized in 1776 which made it particularly confusing

Wars of Territorial Conquest – once independence was won a constant battle with the Native Americans continued, even in the inhospitable regions from which the Indians inhabited

-Wars for territorial conquest were the United States confrontations with Mexico (1835-1848) and British expansion in Central America (1821-1856)

Caudilloism – “desire to rule in order to satisfy one’s ambitions”

-during 19th century 100’s of “caudillos” existed

Resources – War of the Pacific (1879-1883) between Chile against Peru and Bolivia was for nitrate firms

Intraclass Wars – conservatives favored a monarchy, and liberals wanted a republic

-French intervention in Mexico (1861-1867) in support of Mexican Conservatives and the Brazilian Civil War of 1893-1894

-Centralism versus Federalism ideologies clashed