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Towards RVL: a Declarative Language for Visualizing RDFS/OWL Data HSWI Workshop at WIMS ‘13, June 14th 2013 Jan Polowinski (jan dot polowinski at tu-dresden dot de) HTWK Leipzig / IMN ; TU Dresden / SMT / Softwaretechnology Group

Towards RVL: a Declarative Language for Visualizing RDFS/OWL Data

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Towards RVL: a Declarative Language for Visualizing RDFS/OWL Data

HSWI Workshop at WIMS ‘13, June 14th 2013 Jan Polowinski (jan dot polowinski at tu-dresden dot de)

HTWK Leipzig / IMN ; TU Dresden / SMT / Softwaretechnology Group

Clarification – What do we mean by „Visualizing“?

•  Not: Structuring data into textual documents + Formatting / Styling

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•  But: Visual encoding: Define what data relations correspond to what graphic relations

Sou

rce:

http

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2005

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Overall Goal: Reusable, Shareable Visual Mappings

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Visualization Author Visualization authors can share and reuse „good“ visualization settings and take their settings to other tools!

Aut

hor

of a

dom

ain

onto

logy

(jus

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ishe

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Domain ontology authors can propose visualization settings!

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Outline

•  Principle of RVL

•  Analysis: Requirements of RVL (Summary)

•  Main constructs •  Composition •  Open Issues

•  (Prototype RVL editors)

The Principle of RVL

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Based on RDFS/OWL itself

Summary of the Analysis Preceeding the Design of RVL

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Analysis of •  3 domains: Life sciences, software requirements, publication •  7 ontologies •  Frequently used concepts

Summary of the Analysis Preceeding the Design of RVL

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Analysis of Visualisation Literature .. •  Graphic concepts + relations •  Formalized as ontology:

http://purl.org/viso/graphic/

Summary of the Analysis Preceeding the Design of RVL

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Analysis for ... •  Common graphic

representations •  Identification of 12

Visualisation Cases (VC)

Summary of the Analysis Preceeding the Design of RVL

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Examples for Visualization Cases: •  VC1 - Create a graphic object per resource. •  VC2 - Map to Graphic Attributes. •  VC5 - Define simple interactions. •  VC10 - Draw legends and labeled axes. •  VC11 - Define styles.

Summary of the Analysis Preceeding the Design of RVL

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Deduction of 14 Language Requirements (LR) •  Examples ...

•  LR-2: Multiple Visual Structures

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Examples of Concrete Language Requirements:

WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation

•  LR-2: Multiple Visual Structures •  LR-6: Platform Independence

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Examples of Concrete Language Requirements:

WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation

•  LR-2: Multiple Visual Structures •  LR-6: Platform Independence •  LR-12: Composability of Mappings

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Examples of Concrete Language Requirements:

+

WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation

RVL – Main Constructs UML-Style Class Diagramm (simplified)

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Property Mappings

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RVL – Main Constructs UML-Style Class Diagramm (simplified)

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Value Mappings

•  Simple case: 1-to-1 explicit, manual mapping of discrete values

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common-­‐shapes:  Star  

common-­‐shapes:  Circle  

common-­‐shapes:  Triangle  

ex:EventClass  

ex:Loca9onClass  

ex:PersonClass  

VA

LUE

MA

PP

ING

S

PR

OP

ER

TY

M.

Value Mappings

•  Simple case: 1-to-1 explicit, manual mapping of discrete values

•  Calculated value mappings •  Default: map whole range of

source values to the whole range of target values

•  Source and target values can be refined ...

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PR

OP

ER

TY

M.

Value Mappings

•  Simple case: 1-to-1 explicit, manual mapping of discrete values

•  Calculated value mappings •  Default: map whole range of

source values to the whole range of target values

•  Source and target values can be refined ...

•  Order / Scale of measurement can be re(de)fined ...

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PR

OP

ER

TY

M.

RVL – Main Constructs UML-Style Class Diagramm (simplified)

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Composition of Visual Mappings

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•  Simultaneous Composition •  Mappings all applied independently •  Trivial, except perceptional constraints (!)

•  Context Composition •  Mapping only applies for a specific context •  Created by another mapping

WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation

Context Composition of Visual Mappings

Mapping to „Color“

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Mapping to „Linking“

Mapping to „Linking“ + Mapping to „Color“ on the „Connector“

+

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RVL – Main Constructs UML-Style Class Diagramm (simplified)

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Complete Example – Composed Mapping

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Complete Example – Composed Mapping

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Complete Example – Composed Mapping

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Complete Example – Composed Mapping

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Complete Example – Composed Mapping

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Complete Example – Composed Mapping

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Complete Example – Composed Mapping

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Complete Example – Composed Mapping

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Complete Example – Composed Mapping

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Which Visualisation Cases are Covered? Most, except:

•  Interaction Ideas exist

•  Complex „Standard“ Graphics •  Example: How to describe a TreeMap and the associated

algorithms? •  Reference a concept „TreeMap“? •  Keep flexibility of composition Current focus

•  Integration of Formatting and Styling

Fresnel + CSS

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Summary

•  We introduced a novel Language for visualizing RDFS/OWL data •  Rich capabilities to describe visual encodings •  Itself based on Semantic web standards

à Mappings have URIs •  Defaults allow for quickly handling common situations

•  Design driven by concrete mapping situations •  Many mapping situations already covered •  Multitude of domains suggests some universality

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Future Work

•  Further evaluate RVL Tooling

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Two Prototypes for RVL Editing ...

WIMS '13, Madrid, 28.06.13 RVL: A Language for RDFS/OWL Visualisation 37/30

TopBraid Composer-based Prototype

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OntoWiki-based Prototype

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Future Work

•  Further evaluate RVL Tooling

•  Cover remaining visualisation cases

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Thank you for your attention!

http://purl.org/rvl/

jan dot polowinski at tu-dresden dot de

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PLEASE DISCUSS HERE OR

OFFLINE:

Schema of RVL

Relation to Fresnel

Advanced mapping compositions

BACKUP SLIDES à

Acknowledgements

•  This research has been co-funded by the European Social Fond / Free State of Saxony, contract no. 80937064 and 1330674013 (eScience – network).

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BACKUP SLIDES à

BACKUP SLIDES

Cal

cula

ted

Val

ue

Map

pin

gs

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Graphic Attributes and Graphic-Object-to-Object-Relations

à Formalised as VISO Ontology http://purl.org/viso/

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Graphic Attributes (GA) •  Lightness, Shape, Size, Named Colors

Graphic-Object-to-Object-Relations (GOTOR) •  Linking Undirected •  Relative Position •  Separation by a Separator

How to visualise beyond node-link diagrams?

CiTO – Citation Link Types

•  citedAsRelatedBy

•  citedAsSourceDocumentBy •  creditedBy •  confirmedBy •  supports

•  discussedBy •  disputedBy •  updates •  correctedBy

•  critiquedBy •  disagreedBy •  makesRediculary

•  sharesAuthorsWith

TU Dresden, 11.05.2011 Präsentationsname XYZ Folie 27 von XYZ

B"0#-!)E.;(F(

B"0#-!)E.;(G(

B"0#-!)E.;(H(

B"0#-!)E.;(D(B"0#-!)E.;(

C(

B"0#-!)E.;(=(

A builds on B … B"0#-!)E.;(=(

!

B"0#-!)E.;(=(I'-*!"**&*(DJ(

B"0#-!)E.;(D(

B"0#-!)E.;(C(I!.;K%+*(=L(!%-EM"&*(DJ(

=(

=( =(

=(

low relative distance

can be seen as an area connector

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FrBr Core II

•  hasExemplar (similar to “has instance” ! other meta!level) ! Containment

•  isSummarizationOf ! Containment

•  isAbridgementOf ! Linking by Connector, Lens Shape

•  hasPart ! Containment

TU Dresden, 11.05.2011 Präsentationsname XYZ Folie 25 von XYZ

C#)**( D../(=(

D../(=(

Use interaction

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sharesAuthorWith - Interaction

TU Dresden, 11.05.2011 Präsentationsname XYZ Folie 28 von XYZ

B"0#-!)E.;(D(

N!1+-'$(B.#.O-;*/-(P.1);;&*(

B"0#-!)E.;(D(

D)!1(B.#.O-;*/-(P.1);;&*(

B"0#-!)E.;(D(

>.-Q$(B.#.O-;*/-(B"0#-!)E.;(D(

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B"0#-!)E.;(D(

D)!1(B.#.O-;*/-(R)++&%(

B"0#-!)E.;(D(

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Hovering single author Selecting multiple authors

RVL – Main Constructs

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RVL Schema

•  What is a valid Mapping in RVL? •  SPIN Constraints used to describe Attributes, Defaults, ... •  Cardinality CS •  Type CS

•  What is an effective mapping? •  Consistent handling of constraints which are based on VISO/facts is possible

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