The Principle of Printed Circuit Boards

Printed Circuit Board (PCB), also known as circuit board, PCB board,

aluminum plate, high-frequency board, ultrathin circuit board, thin

board, printing (copper etching techniques) circuit board is an

important electronic components, is the support of electronic

components, electronic components line connected to the provider. The

traditional circuit boards, the method of printing etching resist, to make

a circuit of the circuit and drawings, so it is called printed circuit board

and printed circuit board. Due to the electronic products will continue

to small and fine, at present most of the circuit board are posted in the

attached etching resistance agent (lamination or coating), after

exposure significantly actress, to etch make circuit board.

1. Structure

Circuit board mainly by pad, hole, mounting holes, wire, components,

connectors, filling, electrical boundary. Common plate layer structure

comprises a single plate (single layer PCB), double plate (double layer

PCB and multilayer board. The main functions of each component are

as follows:

Pad: metal hole for welding components pins.

Vias: metal vias and non metal vias, wherein the metal hole for

connection between each layer components pins.

Mounting hole: used for fixing the circuit board.

Conductor: an electrical network of copper film for connecting

component pins.

Connector: for connecting components between circuit boards.

Filling: the application of copper wire to the ground network can

effectively reduce the impedance.

Electrical boundary: used to determine the size of the board, all of the

components on the circuit board can not exceed the boundary.

2. Principle of Circuit Board

The working principle of the circuit board is: the base plate insulating

material is separated from the conductive copper foil surface layer,

makes the current along the pre design good line in various

components in flow to complete such as acting, amplification,

attenuation, modulation, demodulation, coding function.

On the basic of the PCB, parts in the side, wire is concentrated on the

other side. Because the conductor appeared only in one side, so the

PCB is called a single panel. Multilayer board, multilayer wire must be

proper circuit connection and the bridge between the circuit called a

guide hole (via) between the two layers. The basic design process of

circuit board can be divided into the following four steps:

(1) Circuit schematic design --- circuit schematic design is mainly used

DXP Protel schematic editor to draw schematic.

(2) Generated web forms-- web report is to show links between the

circuit principle and components in each report, it is bridge and the link

to connect the circuit principle diagram design and circuit board design,

through the circuit principle diagram of the network statements can

quickly find the connections between components, so as to provide

convenience for the back of the PCB design.

(3) Printed circuit board design, printed circuit board design is

normally referred to as PCB design, it is the circuit principle diagram is

transformed into the final form, this part of the design is circuit

principle diagram design have great difficulty, we can with Protel DXP

powerful design function in the completion of this part of the design.

4) Generate table of printed circuit board. After the completion of the

printed circuit board design, the need to generate various reports, such

as generating pin statements, circuit board information report, network

status reports and finally print out printed circuit board.

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