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Adaptation to climate Change The experience of Practical Action Mohamed M. Fidiel April 2010

Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

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Page 1: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

Adaptation to climate Change

The experience of Practical Action

Mohamed M. Fidiel

April 2010

Page 2: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

Practical Action's Vision is of a sustainable world

free of poverty and injustice in which technology is

used for the benefit of all.

Practical Action Vision

Practical Action Mission

“To use technology to challenge poverty by:

• building the capabilities of poor people,

• improving their access to technical options and

knowledge, and

• working with them to influence social, economic and

institutional systems for innovation and the use of

technology”.

Page 3: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

• Practical Action operates under four strategic

objectives:

– Vulnerability reduction :

• Coping with the risk if natural and complex hazards,

including climate change

• Natural Resource Management

• Food security

– Markets and livelihoods

• Actors, access, diversification of products/services,

– Infrastructure services

• WATSAN, energy, shelter, transport - livelihoods

– New Technologies

Strategic fit

Page 4: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

What do we mean by adaptation?

• Adaptation is action taken to cope with a

changing climate.

• It include strategies and practical steps

taken at community level or by individuals

• Practical Action’s adaptation efforts involve:

– Indigenous knowledge and practices

– People’s own coping strategies

– Technologies and skills transferred and adapted

Page 5: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

A glance at the context in Sudan?

– Drought is responsible for the

decrease of land productivity

– Intensive agriculture, mainly

millet cultivation

– Land use methods incompatible

with the given natural conditions

are the major causes of

destruction of agricultural

resources in the Sahel.

Sandstorm in Khartoum 2007

Mekheit – Famine food

Page 6: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

A glance at the context in Sudan?– Overstocking of pastures,

regardless of their actual carrying capacity

– Permanent grazing in areas only suitable for seasonal use hinder the natural rehabilitation of grasses and shrubs.

– The extension of rain-fed farming far beyond the agronomic dry boundary is one of the most important causes of desertification in the Sahelian zone of Sudan.

– Excessive felling of trees for buildings and fuel wood.

Page 7: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

A glance at the context in Sudan?

– During the drought years

1969 – 1973, 60% of the

Zaghawa settlements (475 of

804) were deserted (RIFAI &

AHMED 1974)

– 60% of the people moved to

live in other parts of Darfur

and in urban towns in central

Sudan (Khartoum)

– The line of isohyets 200mm

moved southward between

1950- 1973

Page 8: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

Practical Action Climate Change Programme

• Run a programme of work that helps poor people to

adapt and which helps us develop models of

excellence in adaptation.

• Use our experience and knowledge to promote best

practice seeking to influence other development

practitioners, donors and decision-makers to ensure

that all development work is „climate proofed‟.

• Persuade decision makers and donors to urgently

adopt more ambitious targets for mitigation and give

more support to help poor women and men to adapt.

• Reduce the carbon footprint of our own organization

and its work.

Page 9: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

Practical Action Climate Change Programme

1. Enhance our knowledge and understanding of the

actual and likely effects of climate change upon the

people we are working with, the impact upon their

lives and livelihoods

2. Understanding of what our programme will contribute

to enabling people to adapt to climate change

3. What our work will do to reduce greenhouse gas

emissions

4. Identifying which issues Practical Action will engage

on nationally and what will be contributed to the

organisation‟s global policy agenda

Page 10: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

Some Adaptation interventions

Page 11: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

Terraces – To retain as much of the rain that does fall in the

target area or upstream

– Communities are trained to decide on slopes and construct the terraces

– It generates helps farmers grow crops even if rains fall away from farm areas but drained by wadis from upstream

– It continue producing diversified crops for 6 months after the rainy season

Page 12: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

Dams

1. It helps spread water in a wide area to be cultivated recession farming after the rainy season

2. It enhances sub-surface aquifer for domestic water supply

3. It enhances the vegetation cover

4.Food from edible crops grown, income from selling cash crops, subsurface water, jobs as casual workers; fodder from wild weeds, etc

5.Built 5 dams (approximately 10,000 feddans flooded

Page 13: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

Dams

Technically:1. In addition to spillways,

building sluice gates to allow for washing the silt that deposit upstream.

2.Dig a trench below the earth embankment to minimize possibilities of washing the embankment

3.Pitching of the embankment to protect it from washing.

Page 14: Sudan - experience of climate change - practical action

Enhancing the vegetation cover

• Established 6 community

nurseries with a capacity of 80,000

seedlings

• Rehabilitated El Fashir central

nursery

• Trained communities in managing

the nurseries

• Grown over 800,000 seedlings

with focus on endangered the

Baobab tree