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Created by: Philip Williams
Modified Date: July 2015
OpenStack Day India 2015
Storage Infrastructure Choices for OpenStack Clouds
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Requirements
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• Durability– How much failure can I experience before data loss?
• Availability– How much failure can I experience before data unavailable?– For how long?
• Scalability– Capacity Today? Tomorrow? Next Year?– Hot/Cold Ratios
•Performance– Realistic expectations apply!
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What exactly are you storing?
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• Purpose and Value– Mission Critical, cannot run the business?– Second Class Services, just inconvenient?– Dog Pictures?– Computationally expensive to reproduce?– Already Compressed or Encrypted?
•Access Patterns– Random, Highly Transactional?– Sequential, Streaming?– Mostly Reads?– Mostly Writes?
•Does your data age?– How much of your dataset is “hot” or “cold”?
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Scale-Out Object Storage
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• Objects replicated between nodes• Proxy Layer for load-balancing• Proven at scale, easy to grow
• Can’t mount file systems or block volumes• What if my application doesn’t “speak” Object?• Eventual Consistency
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LVM / iSCSI
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• Server(s) with local disks carved up by LVM– Disk redundancy built in using RAID or Volume Mirroring
• Block Vols presented over Ethernet (iSCSI)
• No node failure protection– Server fails, volumes fail
• Least Redundancy• Potential for Hot Spots• Lowest Cost*• Easy to Scale
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Dual Controller Storage Arrays
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• Typically Termed “Mid-Range” ~50-1000 Disks• Block Vols presented via iSCSI and FC Protocols
• Controller and Disk Redundancy• Support for aggregated Disk Pools• Support for auto-tiering of data• Snapshot/Clone Capabilities• Typically 5 9’s Availability
• Limited Scalability• Good Performance*
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Multi-Controller Storage Arrays
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• Typically Termed “High End” ~200 to 3000 Disks• Block Vols presented via iSCSI and FC Protocols
• Meshed Controller Subsystems• Support for large aggregated disk pools• Support for auto-tiering of data• Snapshot/Clone Capabilities• Redundant Everything
– 6 9’s and greater availability
• Better Scalability• Higher Performance*
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All Flash Arrays
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• Block Vols presented via iSCSI and FC Protocols
• Controller and Disk Redundancy• Inline Dedupe and Compression• Meshed Controller Subsystems• Snapshot/Clone Capabilities• Typically 5 9’s Availability
• Lower Scalability• Highest Performance*
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Scale-Out / Server SAN
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• Block Vols presented via iSCSI and Proprietary Protocols• Typically Commodity Hardware
– x86, 10GbE (sometimes InfiniBand)• Many nodes, 10’s to 100’s• Redundancy achieved by spreading data across nodes
– Sub-Object Replication– Erasure Coding
• Greatest Scaling• Good Performance*
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Storage Networking
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• How do I reach my persistently stored data?
– Ethernet?– Fibre Channel?– InfiniBand?
• Any and all Fabrics must be redundant
• Use FC exclusively for Storage, but what about other services?
• Use Ethernet and share with other services?
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Fibre Channel
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Storage Networking
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• Converged Ethernet– Public– Private– Management– Object Storage– File Storage– Block Storage
• One network to maintain• One set of skills required• K.I.S.S
Thank You
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