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Rita Salvatore
STAKEHOLDERS’ PARTICIPATION IN SSCM
ITW – Master in Tourism 14th May 2012
Rita Salvatore
PART 1 - Theoretical premises
a) SSCM and issues to manage by T.O.b) Socio-cultural issues
c) importance of participationd) A European case
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a philosophy of management that involves the management and the integration of a set of selected
processes from end user through original suppliers, that provide products, services and information that add
value for customer and for other stakeholders through the collaborative efforts of supply chain members
(Ho DC, Au KF, Newton E., 2002, “Empirical research on supply chain management: a critical review and recommendations”, International Journal of Production Research, 40:17)
Definition of SSCM
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The role of T.O. = intermediaries
Suppliers + destination management
Tourists (demand side)
Sustainability + companies’ responsibility
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EnvironmentalTransport
Use of resourcesBiodiversity
EconomicalWealth distributionWell-being of local
communitiesSupport to local
economies
Socio-culturalCultural identityLocal knowledgeRespect for local people’ rights
Issues to manage
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Socio-cultural issues (1)
Socio-culturalCultural identityLocal knowledgeRespect for local people’ rights
Immaterial dimensions of sustainability + “authenticity” of destination pull factors in tourists’ choice
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Top-down identificationThe process is managed by professionals/experts. The value of a place/building/object is an intrinsic one (i.e. UNESCO and world heritage commission)
Active identification
Local communities establish the value of a place/building/object in terms of its historical, traditional, cultural implications within the local social system the cultural good is turned into social heritage
Cultural goods and their identification
Active identification
Cognitive level
Emotional levelConative level
Actions oriented towards future
Actors recognise cultural goods as part of their own
world.
Cultural goods in terms of loyalty identification with
them
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Socio-cultural issues and SSCM
Handbook on integrating sustainability into T.O. supply chain system (2003)
• Land and indigenous rights
• Consultation and participatory decision-making with the local population and affected stakeholders
• Contribution to community development
• Economic linkages with local communities
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Why participation?
It raises awareness
It reduces conflict
It helps communication
It provides technical support
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Countries PartnersNetherlandsUKSpainAustriaSwedenDenmark
Total budget1.871.949 €
E.U contribution50%
PROJECT OUTPUTSa) Capacity building support in sustainable tourism techniques dedicated to suppliers to
improve environmental and social performance www.travelife.eu b) Dissemination about sustainable tourism products www.greentravelmarket.infoc) Creation of a “travelife” classification system for tourism suppliers demonstrating
sustainability approaches www.its4travel.com. (travellife ecobranding launched by large T.O. such as Virgin and TUI Travelife Sustainabiity System)
d) Publication of several “supplier sustainability handbook”
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PART 2 – Some tools for participation
a) EASW +international cases
b) Open Space Technology
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EASWwww.cordis.lu/easw/src/news.htm
awareness project
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EASWwww.cordis.lu/easw/src/news.htm
HOW?
WHO?
Personal responsibility
Social responsibility
Innovative solutions
Traditional solutions
Source: G. De Luzenberger
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KOS – 1997 “TOURISM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT”
28 PARTICIPANTS among:1) Local authorities2) Civil society3) Members of
environmental groups4) Tourist Operators
Together with Rodhes had a strong tourist development and one of the largest per capita income in Greece
Aim of the workshop: establish future policies for low-impact tourism forms, guided by the concept to consider the “island as a whole”
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PARTICIPANTS:1) Administrators2) Civil society3) Companies4) Professionals
DISCUSSION THEMES:5) The quality of social life6) Services on the territory7) Local economies8) Role of tourism in
sustainable development
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Introduction of participants
Development of scenarios by the different groups of interest
Plenary session selection of shared scenarios common scenario
Workshop groups divided per theme of interest proposals of objectives
Plenary session 5 final proposals
Open Space TechnologyHarrison Owen (1997)
www.openspaceworld.com
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MAIN CHARACTERISTICS1) Easiness2) Informality3) Self/collective management
BASIC CONDITIONS TO START A O.S.T.1) All participants really matter the
theme2) The theme is a complex one3) The participants can express differente
points of view4) The problem needs a solution urgently
PRINCIPLES(Freedom & responsibility)
1) Whoever comes is the right person2) Wherever it is is the right place3) Whatever happens is the only thing that could have happened4) When it is over it is over
One only ruleTHE LAW OF THE 2 FEETIf you find yourself being neither learning nor contributing you are responsible to move to another place where your participation is more meaningful
