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Waco 2050 Plan A Vision for the Heart of the City July 2009

Stakeholder Meeting Csss092909

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Page 1: Stakeholder Meeting Csss092909

Waco 2050 Plan A Vision for the Heart of the City

July 2009

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Walkable

thoroughfares

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The best way to move 35 people?

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Auto Oriented Street Design

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Pedestrian Unfriendly

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Pedestrian Unfriendly

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People even “Pay Money to Walk”

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LA is always extreme

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Overview

New ways to look at street design•

Focus of Context Sensitive Solutions (CSS)

What makes streets walkable?

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Town Center

EmploymentDistrict Residential

Neighborhood

Main Street Commercial Street

Mixed Use Street

ResidentialStreet

Regional Center

Commercial Corridor

Industrial St

“One Size Does Not Fit All”

Context Sensitive Solutions

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Institutionalizing Nationally

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How does this apply ?

Regional Transportation Plans•

Comprehensive Plans

Area and Master Plans•

Performance Based MPO Selection Criteria

Thoroughfare Plan Updates

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Conventional Thinking

Disregard context of street

Applied blindly without designer discretion

Discourage flexibility

Fear of tort liability

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Conventional CSS ApproachContext:

UrbanRural

Context: SuburbanGeneral urbanUrban centerUrban core

Design criteria primarily based on:

Functional classDesign speedForecast travel demandLevel of service

Design criteria primarily based on:

Community objectivesFunctional class Thoroughfare typeAdjacent land use

CSS vs.Conventional

Thinking

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Context Sensitive Solutions in Designing Major Urban

Thoroughfares

for

Walkable

Focus of CSS

Major urban thoroughfares in walkable

areas

“Major”: •

arterials and collectors

“Urban/Downtowns”: •

Walkable

suburbs, town and city centers, neighborhoods

mix of interactive land uses•

Viable, attractive choices–

Walking–

Biking –

TransitPhoto: Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill LLP

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Focus of CSS

Balance –

Safety

Mobility–

Community objectives

Environment

Multimodal •

Involve public, stakeholders

Interdisciplinary teams•

Flexibility in design

Incorporate aesthetics Source: Minnesota Department of Transportation

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CSS: In Pactice

Simulation by Steve Price, Urban- Advantage

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E. 14th Street and Davis Street, San Leandro

Simulation by Steve Price, Urban- Advantage

CSS: In Pactice

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Simulation by Steve Price, Urban- Advantage

CSS: In Pactice

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CSS Design Framework

Context zones:–

Suburbs -

downtowns

Street classification:–

Functional class

Arterial•

Collector

Thoroughfare type•

Boulevard

Avenue•

Street

Compatibility

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Context Zones

Source: Duany Plater-Zyberk and Company

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Thoroughfare Types

Three classifications:–

Boulevard

Avenue–

Street

Basis for:–

Physical configuration

Design criteria

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Boulevard

Divided arterial (4+ lanes)•

Target speed (45 mph or less)

Through and local traffic•

Serve longer trips

Access management•

Major transit corridor

Primary freight route•

Emergency response route

Limited curb parking

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Multi-way Boulevard

Characterized by: –

Central roadway for through traffic

Parallel roadways access abutting property, parking, and pedestrian and bicycle facilities

Parallel roadways separated from the through lanes by curbed islands

Require significant right-of-way•

Special treatment of intersections

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Avenue

Arterial or collector (4 lanes max)•

Target speed (30 to 35 mph)

Land access•

Primary ped

and bike route

Local transit route•

Freight -

local deliveries

Optional raised landscaped median•

Curb parking

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Context Sensitive Solutions in Designing Major Urban

Thoroughfares

for

Walkable

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Context Sensitive Solutions in Designing Major Urban

Thoroughfares

for

Walkable

Street

Collector or local •

2 lanes

Target speed (25mph) •

Land access primary function

Designed to: –

Connect residential neighborhoods

Connect neighborhoods with commercial districts–

Connect local streets to arterials

May be commercial main street •

Emphasizes curb parking

Freight restricted to local deliveries

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Photographs from Michael King and Reid Ewing

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Roadside Design

Roadside zones:–

Edge Zone

Furnishings Zone–

Throughway Zone (ADA)

Frontage Zone

Function and dimensions vary by context zone and adjacent land use

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Roadside Design

Roadside zones•

Public places

Placement of roadside facilities

Public art•

Sidewalk width and function

Pedestrian buffers•

Sidewalk/driveway/alley crossings

Street furniture•

Utilities

Landscaping/street trees

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The Urban Roadside –

Uses and Activities

Movement of pedestrians•

Access to buildings/property

Utilities/appurtenances•

Transit stops

Landscaping•

Urban design/public art

Sidewalk cafes•

Business functions

Civic spaces (plazas, seating)

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Context Sensitive Solutions in Designing Major Urban

Thoroughfares

for

Walkable

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Intersection Design

General principles

Intersection sight distance

Managing modal conflicts

General intersection layout

Curb return radii

Channelized right turns

Modern roundabouts

Crosswalks

Curb extensions

Bicycle lane treatment

Bus stops at intersections

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What Makes People Walk?

Practical Destinations

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What Makes People Walk?

Pleasant & Interesting Environment…a Human Scale

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What Makes People Walk?

In most conventional suburban development, streets separate uses, discouraging walking and forcing even local trips onto arterial roads.

Walkable

neighborhoods have

streets that connect uses, with arterials reserved for through traffic.

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Walkable

Networks-Why Do Networks Work?

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Intersection Control

2 2

2

2

2

4

66

4

Same Total Lanes

More Capacity

• VMT

• Turns

• Clearance Time

• Signal Phase

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New Traffic Engineering MOEs

Traditional

Level of Service (auto)•

Delay reduction (speed)

Highest functional classification (capacity)

Parking capacity (individual parcel)

Place-Based

Level of Service (multi- modal)

Delay management (speed appropriate)

Most context sensitive functional classification (multi-modal and internal capacity)

Parking capacity (park once district/multiple parcels)

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Networks Made of Walkable

Streets

Street Level Urban RedesignA redesign can do many things to improve the function, appearance and safety of a roadway. It can be accomplished by:

Removing lanes from a multi-lane roadway4 lane to 3 lane conversionsCreate parking and/or bike lanes out of existing lanesWidening sidewalks to encourage pedestrian activity