New workflows for “gold-standard” taxonomy

What is a monograph?

• mono – single

• graph – writing

• One place where all the sum total of knowledge of a topic is presented

• “a single document that forms a complete text in itself”

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Reg

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Wit

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Physa

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Phylogeny after Weese & Bohs, 2007

Americas

Eurasia

Australia

Africa

Global

100% support

Data Model for taxonomic information using TDWG and other standards

EcologyData: TDWG OBS; SEEK; LTER & ...

Taxon Concepts Data: TDWG TNC

Names (including Synonyms)

Data: [Linnaean Core]

Specimens

Data: TDWG ABCD

TDWG Darwin Core

TDWG Image / MorphobankTDWG OBS

Identification

Taxon Level

LiteratureData: emerging TDWG Lit standard

taXMLit; taxonX; other single use standards;Relationship to MorphBank?

Iden

tific

atio

n, In

form

s &

Incl

udes

Incl

uded

in

Distribution &Geospatial Data: TDWG IMG

TDWG GIG, OGC & other external

standards

Barcodes & Sequences Data: various standards

Morphology, other dataData: various standards (or none) Pro

vide

s Adds to

CollectionsData: NCD

Common to All:

vouchers & material for analyses

Included in

Incl

uded

in

Informed by

Informed by

Implies

Charac-tersData:

TDWG SDDTDWG IMGMorphbank

Phylogenetic & other

analyses(various

standards)

Other taxonlevel

general-izations

Data:TDWG ISIGTDWG SPMPollinators

Defines

Info

rmed

by

Informed by

Info

rmed

by

Info

rmed

by

Info

rmed

by

Included in

Incl

uded

in Informedby

Incl

uded

in· Data

Source· Time· Agents

(people)· GUIDs

Included in Informed by

Interoperable links to library standards

Weitzman & Lyal, 2007

From print...Knapp, S. 2002. Solanum section Geminata (G. Don) Walpers (Solanaceae). Flora Neotropica Monograph. 84: 1-405.

Accepted name, synonyms and notes

Taxon name and status

Latin name

Authority

Protologue citation

Type collection (duplicates)

Nomenclature notes

Validity

Legitimacy

Taxonomic status

Synonym of

Synonym category

to bits...

to bits...

Taxon name

Authority*

[Protologue citation]*

[Synonym of]*

Species description

Accepted taxon name*

Author*

Editor*

Publication*

Bibliography

Citations

Species description*

Bibliography*

Collection events

Collectors*

Collection location*

Duplicate specimens

Collection event*

Type for species*

Herbaria*

Determination

Taxon name*

Duplicate specimen*

Determined by*

Distribution

Species description*

Locality*

Herbaria

Multimedia

Multimedia author(s)*

Common names

Person(s) Geography(s)

Species names list [+status]

to bits...

Species concept Collections or

specimens list

Multimedia list

Bibliographylist

Map

Bibliographyviewer

Collection details &

specimens

Multimedia viewer

http://vbrant.eu/

Elements we need to do….

• Nomenclature (what names are accepted, which are synonyms)

• Typification

• Description (synthesis of morphology)

• Identification of specimens to illustrate concept

• ??

© NHM

Other “essential” elements…

• Specimens in database (or cited)

• Distributions (maps)

• Illustrations (types, drawings, photos?)

• Molecular data

• Phylogenetics

• Protologues

1750

1800

1850

1900

1950

2000

5

10

15

20

UNDISCOVERED

1.8

18

Known species(millions)

L. Kristalka – University of Kansas

1750

1800

1850

1900

1950

2000

5

10

15

20

?

Something has tohappen here

1.8

18

Known species(millions)

L. Kristalka – University of Kansas

Thanks to…..Solanum PBI people

NHM, Utah, Wisconsin, NYBG

SYNTHESYS – European Community FP6

National Science Foundation