Open Government Data, Linked Data, and the Missing Blocks in

Korea

Jump into Action

Haklae Kim, PhD. , December 2011

Introduction Open Data and

Open Government Data

The Semantic Web

& Linked Data Summary

This Presentation .....

Today

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It is one of the worst earthquakes in the world; An estimated three million

people were affected by the quake.

Haiti Earthquake 2010

Let‟s Start

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Source: http://vimeo.com/9182869

A visualisation of the response to the earthquake by the OpenStreetMap

community.

OpenStreetMap – Project Haiti

Let‟s Start

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Data.gov WikiLeaks

“This led to changes in the constitution and the establishment

of a more open government” – WikiLeaks

Let‟s Start

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.. a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet

The Web as a Global Data Platform

Let‟s Start

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This Presentation .....

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Introduction Open Data and

Open Government Data

The Semantic Web

& Linked Data Summary

What is Data?

Overview

Data is information about things

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Data is something machines can process

Data drives applications (e.g. web sites, mobile services)

Data is relations among things

“Open”

material (data) is open if it can be freely used,

reused and redistributed by anyone

“Government data”

data and information produced or

commissioned by government or

government controlled entities.

Source: Open Knowledge Foundation, 2010

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What is Open (Government) Data?

Overview

• Transparency

• Participation

• Collaboration

“My administration is committed to creating an unprecedented level of

openness in Government.” – Barack Obama “Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies – Transparency and Open Government” Jan 2009

Data.gov – United States

• The first phase of

Data.gov features

downloadable federal

data sets organized by

category and federal

organization.

• Data sets are available

for download in XML,

CSV, and shape file

formats.

Launched on May 21, 2009, Data.gov allows citizens to participate by leveraging federal data sets to build applications, conduct analysis, and perform research.

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Establishment of the Public

Sector Transparency Board

chaired by Francis Maude,

Minister for the Cabinet

Office

The Board will be responsible

for setting open data

standards across the public

sector, publishing further

datasets on the basis of public

demand

Prime Minister, David Cameron, writes to all government departments, 31 May 2010: instructing them to free up more datasets as part of Transparency Agenda

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Data.gov.uk – United Kingdom

http://www.practicalparticipation.co.uk/odi/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Open-Data-Impacts-Timeline-Draft-0.1.png 13

Open Data Catalogues

Public Sector Dataset

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data.gov

datasf.org

data.edmonton.ca

data.gov.uk

data.london.gov.uk

digitaliser.uk

geodata.gov.gr

data.suomi.fi

data.worldbank.org/data-catalog

www.undata-api.org/wiki/datasets

gov.opendata.at

data.reegle.info

openbelgium.be

opengovdata.ru

State / Federal Private

Source: http://tinyurl.com/44rub56

The State of Open Government Data

Public Sector Dataset

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Postcode Newspaper Where Does My Money Go World Events Visualiser EU Public Data

Applications

Case Studies

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Two key rules for opening up data

How to Open up Data?

Quick Guides

Keep it simple

• Start out fast, small and simple

• Start out with a plan to open up just one dataset,

• or even one part of a large dataset is fine

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Engage early

and

engage often

• Engage with actual and potential users and reuses

of the data

• The primary users can deliver data to ultimate users

by transformation, remix, or distribution.

4 Main Steps for Opening Up Data

A quick method

1. Choose dataset(s)

• the dataset(s) you plan to make open

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2. Apply an open license

• Determine what intellectual property rights exist in the data • Apply a suitable „open‟ license that licenses all of these rights and terms of conditions

3. Make the data available

• in bulk and in a useful format or APIs

• post on the web and organize a central catalogue to list your open datasets

4. Make it discoverable

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Introduction Open Data and

Open Government Data

The Semantic Web

& Linked Data Summary

HTTP URI HTML

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Hypertext Transfer Protocol : the foundation of data

communication for the Web

Uniform Resource Identifier : representations of the resource over the Web

HyperText Markup Language : the predominant markup

language for web pages

.. the universe of network-accessible information, an embodiment of human

knowledge using standard protocols

World Wide Web

Overview

.. a reference in a

hypertext document to

another document or

other resource

An essential concept

Link

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Links on the Web

document document

services services

people people

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They are linked, but we do not know why these are linked.

… facilitates machines to understand the semantics, or meaning, of information on the

World Wide Web

The Semantic Web

Overview

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… the relationships between things and the properties of things (like size, weight, age

and price)

Links on the Semantic Web

Overview

All data including documents, services, people ...

DATA DATA links

The Semantic Web is not about links between web pages.

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A vocabulary onion, building on FOAF, SKOS, SIOC, SIOC

Types, DC

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Disconnected sites on the Social Web / Web 2.0 can be linked using

Semantic Web vocabularies

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Web of Data

HTTP URI

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Hypertext Transfer Protocol : the foundation of data

communication for the Web

Uniform Resource Identifier : representations of the resource over the Web

Resource Description Framework : the standard markup language

for the Semantic Web

RDF

… refers to a set of best practices for publishing and connecting structured data on the

Web using URIs, HTTP and RDF.

Linked Data

Definition

… Linked Data provides the means to reach the goal of the Semantic Web – “the

emergence of a Web of Data”

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Growth of Interlinks

Overview

2007-05-01 2007-10-08 2007-11-10 2008-02-28 2008-03-31

2008-09-18 2009-03-05 2009-03-27 2009-07-14 2010-09-22

30 October, 2011

295 interlinked datasets, approximately 31 billions triples

DBpedia

Structured Wikipedia

BBC

Best Buy UK Gov

Multimedia Content

Commercial Product Government Data

Linked Data Ingredients

Quick Guides

1. Things have names (a person, a city, a company)

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2. Let these names start with http://

3. Represent data (relations among things) as a labeled graph

• then we can get more data about things using standard protocol • others can directly point to things in my dataset (and vice-versa)

• do it by using a standard format (RDF)

Linked Data and Open Government Data

Why

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Applications

Case Studies

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DBPedia BBC New York Times thedatahub

Linked Government Data

Case Studies

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UK Data-Gov Wiki Code for America Data Market

Difficult

Loss of licensing revenue

Loss of control

Legal challenges

Unwelcomed exposure

Procedural changes

Privacy

National security

Complexity

Investment

Quality and Authenticity

Corruption, falsification of data

Customer service

Requires

Authority, Public Administration Readiness, and Civic Interest

and Readiness

Reality Check

Concerned and Hurdles

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Rebuild Fireout

“We won‟t get there tomorrow, but maybe the day after” –

Rufus Pollock

How to Start

Low-hanging fruit, Less conversational data and quick wins.

Expand, with

more…..

Data

Services

Efficiency

Costs saving

Transparency

Participation

Inclusion

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Korea e-Government The Missing Blocks

According to the UN's 2010 e-Government Readiness Index, Korea is No. 1 e-government

infrastructure.

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- On-Nara Business Processing System

- Online Civil Service (G4C)

- Government Information Sharing System

- Online Public Participation

- Transparent e-Procurement Service

- Efficient e-Customs Service

- Easy and integrated Home Tax Service

- Information Network village

Best Practices

2010 UN Global E-Government Survey

http://www.korea.go.kr/new_eng/main/index.do

공유자원포털- Data.go.kr

The Missing Blocks

.. Good starting point, but simple and effective process should be needed.

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This Presentation .....

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Introduction Open Data and

Open Government Data

The Semantic Web

& Linked Data Summary

5 Stars

plan for open government data

Put your data on the Web

Make it available as machine readable

Use open, standard formats

Use a open data format – URLs, descriptions

Link your data to other people‟s data

★★

★

★★★

★★★★

★★★★★

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“Hope is not the best action”

Open Government Data is cost-effective tool for governments to improve

service to citizens, civil society and business.

Government data with Linked Data technologies will interconnect different

datasets across local governments, organizations, or nations with social

communities.

Participation, participation, and participation. We need to design our

future.

Open Data, Government Data, and the Semantic Web

Summary

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Listen

Communicate

Participate

Concluding Remarks

Summary

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For more information

contact Haklae Kim via

haklae.kim@gmail.com

Twitter: haklaekim

Or read up on the

sonagi blog at:

http://blogweb.co.kr