MySQL Cluster

Priyanka Sangam(priyanka.sangam@oracle.com)

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Agenda

• Introduction to MySQL Cluster• Working with Cluster tables• Cluster Nodes• Architecture• Auto-sharding• Failover

Introduction to MySQL Cluster

• Distributed transactional database• In-memory storage• Auto-sharding• Shared-nothing architecture• Automatic failover and recovery• Runs on commodity hardware• SQL + NoSQL interfaces

mysql> create table t1(id int primary key, value varchar(10))engine=ndb;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.80 sec)

mysql> show create table t1;+­­­­­­­+­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­+| Table | Create Table                              |                                    +­­­­­­­+­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­+| t1    | CREATE TABLE `t1` (  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,  `value` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE=ndbcluster DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1          |+­­­­­­­+­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 values(1, "one"), (2,"two");Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t1;+­­­­+­­­­­­­+| id | value |+­­­­+­­­­­­­+|  1 | one   ||  2 | two   |+­­­­+­­­­­­­+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Working with Cluster Tables

Cluster Nodes•Data Nodes

•Store cluster data•Data partitioned + replicated across many data nodes•ndbd (single-threaded) or ndbmtd (multi-threaded)

•SQL Nodes•Access cluster data by querying data nodes•SQL + NoSQL•mysqld

•Management Nodes•Manage other nodes•Config, startup, shutdown, backup etc.•ndb_mgmd

Architecture

ndb_mgmmysql@host1:~$ ndb_mgm ­e showConnected to Management Server at: localhost:1186Cluster Configuration­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­[ndbd(NDB)]     2 node(s)id=2    @127.0.0.1  (mysql­5.5.36 ndb­7.2.16, Nodegroup: 0, *)id=4    @127.0.0.1  (mysql­5.5.36 ndb­7.2.16, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)id=1    @127.0.0.1  (mysql­5.5.36 ndb­7.2.16)

[mysqld(API)]   4 node(s)id=3    @127.0.0.1  (mysql­5.5.36 ndb­7.2.16)id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from any host)id=7 (not connected, accepting connect from any host)id=9 (not connected, accepting connect from any host)

Auto-sharding – partitioning a table

Auto-sharding – fragments

Auto-sharding - nodegroups

Failover• << Initial state >>

• Node1: Primary F1, Secondary F2, Nodegroup 0• Node2: Primary F2, Secondary F1, Nodegroup 0

• Node3: Primary F3, Secondary F4, Nodegroup 1• Node4: Primary F4, Secondary F3, Nodegroup 1

• << Node1 fails >>

• Node2: Primary F1, Primary F2

• Node3: Primary F3, Secondary F4, Nodegroup 1

• Node4: Primary F4, Secondary F3, Nodegroup 1

• << Node2 fails >>

• Cluster failure due to missing nodegroup

• Node3. Node4 shut down

References

• Introduction to MySQL Cluster:

http://www.slideshare.net/andrewjamesmorgan/mysql-cluster-introduction

• Cluster Reference Manual: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-cluster-excerpt/5.1/en/index.html