It’s all about passion

Ionut Alexandru Budisteanu

Freshmen student at University of Bucharest

The computer has changed the entire

mankind.

In the last 30 years the computer and electronics have entered in all fields

of science.

IT Direction

• 1990-2000 Office period

• 2000-2010 Internet period

• 2010-2015 Mobile applications period

• 2015-2025 Artificial Intelligence period

• 2025-? Robotic Period.

IT zone enables the creation of opportunities

that become needs.

e.g.: mobile phone, facebook

In the future we will witness the entrance of Artificial Intelligence in

Lifestyle devices like: TV, auto, home

appliances, etc…

Companies with Big growth potential of

millions dollars in IT and electronics can be made

with an investment of up to $ 10,000

In just 15 years, Romania became the 6th country in

the world with most programmers per capita

Where to find Romania in the IT field?

Romanian engineer has two choices:

to go to work abroad or

to restore mobile phones in Romania ?

In the West it's easier to create a job than to find

one vacant.

The software products with millions of users are

in a small number.

The software products with a small number of users are

in a number of millions.

Development Mechanism of IT companies

• Over 2,000,000 electronic components with free support and turnkey applications.

• Can be purchased online in 3 days.

• Tens of thousands of products that can be made.

• Efficient laboratories up to $ 10,000

• Equipment that creates PCBs by $ 10,000

• Pick & Place machine $20,000 cost - manufacture of small series of products.

• No. of people reduced to max 10.

• 500 products/day can be made (PCB assembly)

• The high rate of profit.

An inventor until invents something new has to

reinvent the wheel a few times

There is always a natural way from simple to complex.

You can not impose overnight "Let's do teleportation".

I am programming for more than 9 years.

I had done 40 different projects.

I had been to more than 130 national and 18 international

contests about computer science.

My biggest challenge is the building of a

driverless car that uses Artificial Intelligence.

A short simulation video

Current self-driving car problems

• The current autonomous car problem is caused by

using a very expensive 3D Lidar ($ 75,000), with a

very high resolution. The 3D LIDAR is used to

recognize the environment and create a high

resolution 3D map. By using it, the car will take the

decision to avoid obstacles.

HDL-32E - VelodyneLidar, 75,000$

Low-cost self-driving car

Traffic lanes recognition

Traffic signs detection based on

color filtration and Artificial

Neural Networks

The algorithm is parallel and it was developed using a multi-threading solution. The software generates a thread for each core. The images are taken from a top-view webcam and are inserted in a synchronous queue. Then, each CPU core, after finishing the last task, verifies whether there is anything in that synchronous queue, and if yes it will take the new task from the queue. The operations with the queue were done using critical sections

GPS Software and Traffic signs detection

The 1st version of 3D Lidar – 18k

pixels, 200$ demo version

The 3D Lidar on the car

Cameras

3D Radar

• The data is sent via RS232 serial port and the

following software is able to read it and to send the

3D Data to the supervisor software.

The 3D Lidar on the car

3D Map software

Electronic partsof the 3D Lidar

There are only 6 electronic parts:

• Base microcontroller, driving stepper – LIDAR, interface for RS232

• LIDAR microcontroller – fast convertor analogical digital SPI, wireless transmitter

• Convert the ToF(Time of Flight) into an analogical signal.

• Clock generator – 4 kHz, 0.001%, length of duration ~ 40 ns

• Pulsed laser generator, 35A/40-60 ns

• APD photodiode, comparator and high speed A stable

Base microcontroller, driving stepper

– LIDAR, interface for RS232 This diagram shows the computer interface and stepper motor control. The electronic circuit diagram contains a receiver that collects data from the rotating LIDAR. The transmission is via a 2-GHz transceiver.

Convert the ToF(Time of Fly)

into an analogic signal.The electronic circuit calculates the time difference between the pulse and reception of the reflected signal from the target. For this I used a D flip-flop. The resulting signal is integrated with a high-frequency integrator, then is applied to a sample and hold circuit created from a switch CD4067 and a repeater. The circuit returns a voltage proportional to the pulse duration.

Clock generator – 4

kHz, 0.001%, length of duration ~

40 nsLaser pulse transmission method is called Pulsed Laser and involves the use of large currents in the tens of amperes of short duration, 40-60 nanoseconds, with a maximum repetition rate of 3 kHz. Ensuring optical power level of 70 Wats. Energy is very high but because the pulse duration is very short, the reflected signal is much higher than the ambient light. The latest version uses an infrared laser OSRAM SPL 90-3, optical power 75 Watts, 35 Amperes.

Monostable widens

pulse which was very

short.

Timer

Pulsed laser

OSRAM SPL 90-3

Master software

Home made laboratory

Home made laboratory

Gordon E. Moore award $75,000

Will be in the future self-driving cars?

• The question should be rephrased in

“when will be”.

To do:• With the award money from Intel I will buy a

low-cost pick and place machine. If my

prototype will be functional and I will get the expected performance of my design will try to buy a professional shooter with great capacity.

• These machines will enable me to create industrial electronic board for a mass-production.