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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion Implementing the ATM based Voting Services - The RESTful Way Kausal Malladi Srivatsan Sridharan International Institute of Information Technology - Bangalore August 24, 2013

Implementing the ATM based Voting Services - The RESTful Way

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Deck used by Kausal for his presentation at the Student Research Symposium (SRS '13) co-located with 2013 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI – 2013) on 24th August, 2013 in Mysore, India

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Page 1: Implementing the ATM based Voting Services - The RESTful Way

Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

Implementing the ATM based Voting Services -The RESTful Way

Kausal MalladiSrivatsan Sridharan

International Institute of Information Technology - Bangalore

August 24, 2013

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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

About Me

An M.Tech. student from IIIT Bangalore specializing inComputer Science

Systems Engineer at Infosys Limited for 2 years

A B.Tech. graduate specialized in Information Technologyfrom JNTU, Hyderabad

InterestsTheoretical Computer Science

Machine Learning

Information Retrieval

Web Services

HobbiesOccasional Blogging

Music

Cricket

My website - http://www.kausalmalladi.tk2/19 IIIT Bangalore / SRS ’13 (colocated with ICACCI 2013)

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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

Agenda

1 Motivation

2 Proposed Model

3 ImplementationWhy, the RESTful way?

4 Conclusion

3/19 IIIT Bangalore / SRS ’13 (colocated with ICACCI 2013)

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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

Motivation

Design a robust e-voting system

Using most of the existing infrastructure (ATMs)

Minimize costs to governments

Highly scalable

Real-time Performance

Security and Voting guidelines to be adhered to!

4/19 IIIT Bangalore / SRS ’13 (colocated with ICACCI 2013)

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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

Why using ATMs?

Highly scalable infrastructure already setup

Good on-going research, to include Non-Financial Services

Few modifications to business logic and database schema ofBanks can result in incorporating several Non-FinancialServices

Issues to be addressed:

Increased load on Bank Servers

Heavy traffic flow all the way

Adherence to Banking and Voting process related issues

Security!

User Interface

5/19 IIIT Bangalore / SRS ’13 (colocated with ICACCI 2013)

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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

Features

Registration of Right to Vote

ATM Card registration for Voting

Robust e-Voting system

6/19 IIIT Bangalore / SRS ’13 (colocated with ICACCI 2013)

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Functional Flow

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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

Architecture

Available Options

Simple extension to existing Architecture

Web Services

Simple extension isn’t effective!

Existing Architecture not easily known

Not an easy task

Huge loads on servers

Architecture is not same across all Banks

Web Services chosen because they can be plugged inanywhere without much difficulty!

8/19 IIIT Bangalore / SRS ’13 (colocated with ICACCI 2013)

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High Level Sequence Diagram

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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

Why REST over SOAP/WSDL?

REST is cleaner than SOAP

Safe encapsulation of Legacy systems

REST isn’t any obscure, its the way Web works aided withsome rules!

Plain Text Data exchange

Not many standards to follow other than basic HTTPmethods!

10/19 IIIT Bangalore / SRS ’13 (colocated with ICACCI 2013)

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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

Advantages of using REST style

Scalable Components

Simple interfaces

Independently deployable

Secure

Easy real-time deployment

Real-time performance

Multiple data formats

Lesser loads on servers

11/19 IIIT Bangalore / SRS ’13 (colocated with ICACCI 2013)

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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

Scalability

REST encourages using good practices for Scalability

Each Web Service can be deployed on a separate server

Ensures the services aren’t affected by performancebottlenecks

Very close to real-time deployment

Easier Functional Scalability

More Non-Functional Services can be added to the ATMTerminals

12/19 IIIT Bangalore / SRS ’13 (colocated with ICACCI 2013)

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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

Security

Security a serious issue!

ATMs in private networks of Banks

All messages transferred via SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)

Messages required to be transferred directly between theElection Authority and the Client are encrypted using a sharedkey (2048 bit) between ATM Terminal Client and ElectionAuthority

Bank merely forwards the messages to Election Authority butwill NOT be able to read it!

13/19 IIIT Bangalore / SRS ’13 (colocated with ICACCI 2013)

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Real-time Deployment

Web Services can be deployed on different servers asinterfaces are well-defined

Supports deployment on distributed servers

Real-time performance because no much interaction latency

Banks already have well set-up infrastructure and setting up arobust infrastructure for Election Authority can handle hugerequests, which is a typical scenario of an e-Voting system

14/19 IIIT Bangalore / SRS ’13 (colocated with ICACCI 2013)

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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

Multiple Data Formats

Parsing XML is a costlier process

SOAP/WSDL allows only XML for interactions

XML, JSON, HTML, Plain Text are allowed in REST

Parsing one data format to other not required, as the Webservices can agree on a single data format as simple as PlainText for simplicity

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Agenda Motivation Proposed Model Implementation Conclusion

Load on Servers

In an application where large number of requests are to beserved, storing state information can lead to performancebottlenecks

e-Voting is a system where almost 100000 clients may performsome operation plus the normal financial transactions on ATMterminals are also to be satisfied

In REST, the servers are not required to maintain state ofclients

Messages contain necessary information required for a WebService, including but not limited to state of the client

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Winding it up...

ATM based e-Voting system is robust

RESTful implementation ensures easier deployment

Saves money, long term investment in rural areas

Improves infrastructure and literacy rates

Hopefully changes the state of Indian politics!

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Acknowledgement

Prof. L T Jayprakash - Associate Professor, IIIT-B

Assistance all the way!

Freedom in architecting the system, to be deployable in areal-world scenario

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Thank [email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

19/19 IIIT Bangalore / SRS ’13 (colocated with ICACCI 2013)