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Physical Activity and Leisure Management Ltd
POOL PLANT OPERATIONSINFORMATION UPDATE SEMINAR
(on-line option)
1Carlton Associates Ltd (c) 2013
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Physical Activity and Leisure Management Ltd
Module 3Current Trends in Filtration and Mechanical Services
2Carlton Associates Ltd (c) 2013
3
3Carlton Associates Ltd (c) 2013
This module explores alternative Filter Media;
automated backwashing and recommended settling periods
after backwashing.
In this Module we will be focusing on:
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• What is Happening to our Mechanical Systems
• Link Between Backwashing, Filter Efficiency and Cryptosporidiosis
• Coagulation
• Backwashing Regimes
• Use of Ultraviolet Radiation
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What’s happening to our mechanical systems?
Not very exciting, as these are not always in areas that are seen by the swimmers.
Without good management of mechanical systems, there wouldn’t be such good quality of customer provision.
So, do we carry out preventative work, or do we wait for something to happen?
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This can’t be right ………….. can it??
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ANTI-VORTEX OUTLET GRILLES
……… are now a requirement, if there is a risk of vacuum formation.
Courtesy of Sterling Hydrotech Ltd
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“MUDBALLING” INSIDE A FILTER
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Replacement Filter Media
Imploded Glass Media
Leighton Buzzard
Sand Media
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THE LINK BETWEEN BACKWASHING; FILTER EFFICIENCY AND CRYPTOSPORIDIOSISUnless Ultra-Violet Light or Ozone are
used, the presence of the Cryptosporidium Oocyst, can only be trapped within the filter media, and then usually only if a coagulant is being used.
If the processes used are inefficient, then the risk of cryptosporidium in the pool is increased.
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Coagulation: A filter type WITHOUT the addition of a coagulant has the ability to filter particles down to a particular size; approximately 8 microns.
As a rule of thumb:• Salt 100 microns• Talcum powder 8 microns• Cryptosporidium oocysts 5 microns• Bacteria 1–5 microns
A filter type WITH the addition of a coagulant can bind together these microscopic particles, and form, them into a size that CAN be held within the filter bed.
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BACKWASHING REGIMES
The process of backwashing fluidises the filter bed, as the compressed media is broken up by reversing the flow of water.
Filtration is most efficient and effective when the filter media is compressed.
It can take up to 4 hours for the filter media to regain its compression, and therefore its efficiency, This process is referred to as RIPENING.
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BACKWASHING REGIMES
Consequently, during the ripening period, the filter media is less efficient than it should be, and this could place the swimmers at risk of infection, if particles are being removed .
Backwashing should therefore be carried out when there is at least 4 hours of non-use programmed after the process is complete.
For many swimming pools, this will mean that backwashing should be carried out at the end of the operational day..
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ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
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Swimming Pool
BalanceTank
StrainersCirculating
Pump
ChemicalMeasurement
CoagulantDosing
Medium Rate Sand Filter
HeatExchanger
Stabiliser Injection
Point
Disinfectant Injection
Point
Ultra Violet Light Unit
ULTRA VIOLET LIGHT IN SWIMMING POOLS
How does it work? Pool water is still filtered, but is then pass through a
sealed stainless steel unit that houses the UV lamp.
The UV rays react with all bacteria, as well as chemicals that have been introduced into the pool water.
Therefore the outlet water is free from chemicals and bacteria, making it taste-free, smell-free, and very attractive to look at.
However, there is now a need to introduce low quantities of a hypochlorite disinfectant to react with pollution in the pool, before it is passed through the UV system. The Free Chlorine level would normally be between 0.5mg/l and 0.8mg/l
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Carlton Associates Ltd (c) 2013
That is the end of Module 3
What you need to do now:
1. Return to the course page
2. Download the module update notes and save them on your computer
3. Read through the notes
4. Print out the notes and insert them in your manual
Carlton Associates Ltd (c) 2013
End of Module 3 Presentation