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My thoughts on cloud computing and higher education as they intersect with institutional, state and federal policies.
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Cloud Computing:Institutional, State and National
Policies
Cloud Computing:Institutional, State and National
Policies
David Barber
3/3/2011
David Barber
3/3/2011
Summary: Cloud ComputingSummary: Cloud Computing
• A sourcing strategy requiring effective policy development at the institutional level.• Limitations and uncertainties lead to campus policies of selective adoption• A policy of demand aggregation at the “state” or “above the campus” level can lead to satisfactory cloud services• Federal government can promote cloud standards and needs to address legal issues
• A sourcing strategy requiring effective policy development at the institutional level.• Limitations and uncertainties lead to campus policies of selective adoption• A policy of demand aggregation at the “state” or “above the campus” level can lead to satisfactory cloud services• Federal government can promote cloud standards and needs to address legal issues
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DefinitionsDefinitions
Cloud – According to NIST:… a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources …
Policy – According to Dictionary.com:… a course of action adopted and pursued by a government
Policy isn’t just what we prohibit or require it is also how budgets are allocated and used
Cloud – According to NIST:… a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources …
Policy – According to Dictionary.com:… a course of action adopted and pursued by a government
Policy isn’t just what we prohibit or require it is also how budgets are allocated and used
04/10/23 3
Institutional PoliciesInstitutional Policies
• Cloud computing is a sourcing strategy
• Every policy applies that would apply to an on campus service
• Cloud forces awareness and recognition of policies– If policies were implicit or undefined before,
they become explicit requirements needed to judge service providers
• Cloud computing is a sourcing strategy
• Every policy applies that would apply to an on campus service
• Cloud forces awareness and recognition of policies– If policies were implicit or undefined before,
they become explicit requirements needed to judge service providers
04/10/23 4
Institutional Policies (2)Institutional Policies (2)
• Ohio State Universities list of policies:• Ohio State Universities list of policies:
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Institutional Policies (3)Institutional Policies (3)
• Campus expenditures are campus policies
• Campuses are increasingly adopting cloud computing– Adoption is selective and depends both on the
application and the provider• 60% outsourcing of student e-mail according to the
Campus Computing Project but 15% outsourcing of faculty e-mail
• Campus expenditures are campus policies
• Campuses are increasingly adopting cloud computing– Adoption is selective and depends both on the
application and the provider• 60% outsourcing of student e-mail according to the
Campus Computing Project but 15% outsourcing of faculty e-mail
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State PoliciesState Policies
• Really “above the campus” collaboration
• States differ considerably in organization of multiple higher education institutions
• States have long had a policy of promoting collaboration:– Examples: networks and library consortia
• Really “above the campus” collaboration
• States differ considerably in organization of multiple higher education institutions
• States have long had a policy of promoting collaboration:– Examples: networks and library consortia
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State Policies (2)State Policies (2)
• With deficits state funding will be limited:– California - $28B– Illinois - $13B– New Jersey - $11B
• Institutions want to trade cuts for autonomy• States are talking about outcomes• Demand aggregation will depend on campuses
• With deficits state funding will be limited:– California - $28B– Illinois - $13B– New Jersey - $11B
• Institutions want to trade cuts for autonomy• States are talking about outcomes• Demand aggregation will depend on campuses
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State Policies (3)State Policies (3)
• Opportunities for Collaboration – 2010 NASCIO State CIO Survey
• Opportunities for Collaboration – 2010 NASCIO State CIO Survey
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National PoliciesNational Policies
• Currently …– Gridlock & impending cuts to key programs
• NSF, NIST and more
– A reasonable conclusion:Bill St. Arnaud’s blog, Feb. 26, 2011:
One of the big challenges facing UCAN, as well as universities and R&E networks is the huge indebtedness and near bankruptcy of most governments. The glory days of large dollops of funding from government for R&E networking or basic research are over.
• Currently …– Gridlock & impending cuts to key programs
• NSF, NIST and more
– A reasonable conclusion:Bill St. Arnaud’s blog, Feb. 26, 2011:
One of the big challenges facing UCAN, as well as universities and R&E networks is the huge indebtedness and near bankruptcy of most governments. The glory days of large dollops of funding from government for R&E networking or basic research are over.
04/10/23 10
National Policies (2)National Policies (2)
• Problems, but with opportunities …– Federal government spends $80B/yr on IT– Federal CIO has set policy of supporting
cloud computing and targeted 25% of IT budget for cloud
– Cloud supported by IT industry groups:
• Problems, but with opportunities …– Federal government spends $80B/yr on IT– Federal CIO has set policy of supporting
cloud computing and targeted 25% of IT budget for cloud
– Cloud supported by IT industry groups:
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National Policies (3)National Policies (3)
• Issues on the horizon– Electronic Communications Privacy Act of
1986• Central to privacy in the cloud• World has changed since 1986• Will be fault lines between privacy advocates (e.g.
the Digital Due Process Coalition) and law enforcement
• Issues on the horizon– Electronic Communications Privacy Act of
1986• Central to privacy in the cloud• World has changed since 1986• Will be fault lines between privacy advocates (e.g.
the Digital Due Process Coalition) and law enforcement
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Summary: Cloud ComputingSummary: Cloud Computing
• A sourcing strategy requiring effective policy development at the institutional level.• Limitations and uncertainties lead to campus policies of selective adoption• A policy of demand aggregation at the “state” or “above the campus” level can lead to satisfactory cloud services• Federal government can promote cloud standards and needs to address legal issues
• A sourcing strategy requiring effective policy development at the institutional level.• Limitations and uncertainties lead to campus policies of selective adoption• A policy of demand aggregation at the “state” or “above the campus” level can lead to satisfactory cloud services• Federal government can promote cloud standards and needs to address legal issues
04/10/23 13
Questions?Questions?
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