Mader's Concepts in Biology, First Edition

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Sylvia S. Mader

Chapter 10

Question 1

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a model organism for studying genetics?

A. small size

B. short generation time

C. produces many offspring

D. large genome

E. easy to grow and care for

Question 2

If you wanted to replicate the work of Frederick Griffith, which of the following organisms would you use?

A. Escherichia coli

B. Drosophila melanogaster

C. Streptococcus pneumoniae

D. Arabidopsis thaliana

E. Homo sapien

Question 3

Which of the following scientist(s) showed that genetic information could be transferred from one bacterium to another, thus transforming one bacteria strain into another?

A. Mendel

B. Griffith

C. Hershey and Chase

D. Watson and Crick

E. Franklin

Question 4

Which of the following scientist(s) used viruses to show that it was DNA and not a protein which directed the actions of cells and viruses?

A. MendelB. GriffithC. Hershey and ChaseD. Watson and CrickE. Franklin

Question 5

In semiconservative DNA replication, each new double helix formed will have:

A. two new strands and two old strands on each helix

B. one new strand and one old strand in each helix

C. three new strands in one helix and three old strands in the second helix

D. two new and one old strand in one helix and two old and one new in the second helix

E. only new strands in each helix

Question 6

A biochemist is studying the enzyme which is responsible for unzipping and unwinding the original molecule of DNA. Which of the following enzymes would he or she be studying?

A. DNA polymerase

B. DNA ligase

C. helicase

D. DNA primer

E. RNA polymerase

Question 7

Which of the following is not a nucleotide found in DNA?

A. adenine

B. cytosine

C. uracil

D. guanine

E. thymine

Question 8

If you were a biologist and you were studying purines, which of the following molecule(s) would you be studying?

A. adenine and guanine

B. adenine only

C. thymine and cytosine

D. uracil only

E. thymine only

Question 9

Which of the following would not be found in RNA?

A. adenine

B. uracil

C. cytosine

D. thymine

E. guanine

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT true about RNA?

A. RNA transfers messages from DNA to ribosomes

B. RNA contains the sugar ribose

C. RNA contains adenine, guanine, uracil, and cytosine

D. RNA is single stranded

E. RNA forms a helix

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the chemical composition of a nucleotide?

A. a nitrogen-containing base and a pentose sugar

B. a nitrogen-containing base, a phosphate, and a pentose sugar

C. a phosphate and a pentose sugar

D. a nitrogen-containing base, a phosphate, and a hexose sugar

E. a phosphate and a hexose sugar

Question 12

If a species contains 23% adenine in its DNA, what is the percentage of guanine it would contain?

A. 23%

B. 46%

C. 25%

D. 44%

E. 27%

Question 13

Which of the following nitrogenous bases are correctly paired in DNA?

A. adenine-guanine; thymine-cytosine

B. adenine-uracil; guanine-cytosine

C. adenine-thymine; guanine-cytosine

D. adenine-adenine; guanine-guanine

E. adenine-cytosine; guanine-thymine

Question 14

Which of the following is untrue of DNA?

A. it stores information

B. it can be replicated

C. it undergoes mutation

D. it remains constant among different species

E. it has variability between species

Question 15

The X-ray diffraction of Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins was critical evidence:

A. that indicated that DNA has a double helix structure

B. that showed that the bases of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds

C. that showed that there was an equal numbers of purines and pyrimidines in DNA

D. showed the location of each adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine

E. revealed the structure of deoxyribose sugar

Question 16

The individual(s) credited with the discovery of the structure of DNA is (are):

A. Hershey and Chase

B. Watson and Crick

C. Edwin Chargaff

D. Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins

E. Charles Darwin and Gregor Mendel

Question 17

The enzyme that is used to join complementary DNA nucleotides together is:

A. DNA polymerase

B. RNA polymerase

C. helicase

D. ribozyme

E. lipase

Question 18

A biologist is studying the process of how DNA is copied. Which of the following would he or she be studying?

A. DNA transcription

B. DNA elongation

C. DNA translocation

D. DNA polymerase

E. DNA replication

Question 19

Which of the following statements about DNA replication is not correct?

A. unwinding of the DNA molecules occurs as hydrogen bonds break

B. replication occurs as each base is paired with another exactly like it

C. the process is known as semiconservative replication because one old strand is conserved in the new molecule

D. the enzyme that catalyzes DNA replication is DNA polymeraseE. complementary base pairs are held together with hydrogen

bonds

Question 20

Who discovered the “one gene, one enzyme hypothesis”?

A. Watson and Crick

B. Hershey and Chase

C. Chargaff

D. Beadle and Tatum

E. Franklin