JHANVI KHANEJA RITWIK BHANDARI ROHAN BHATIA NAMITA KATARIA ANYA GUPTA SHRUTI RASIWASIA RIYA VERMA VIDISHA GOEL SHARIL THAKUR RIYA SHARMA ASTHA MOHTA NAMRATA GULATI AKSHAY KHURANA SANYAM KHATRI VARUN TALWANI LAKSHAY GUPTA

PRESENTATION BY FLAURIANS Class VI

BIODIVERSITY

Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or an entire planet.

Biodiversity manifests itself at three levels:•Species Diversity which refers to the numbers and kind of living organisms.

•Ecosystem which is the variety of habitats, biological communities and ecological processes that occur in the biosphere.

•Genetic Diversity, which refers to the genetic variation within the population of species.

MEGABIODIVERSITY COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD

India, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Mexico, Madagascar, Zaire, Australia, China, Indonesia and Malaysia.

HOTSPOTSA biodiversity hotspot is a region with a high level of endemic species.

Hotspots were first named in 1988 by Dr. Norman Myers.

While hotspots are spread all over the world, the majority are forest areas and most are located in the tropics.

HOTSPOTS IN INDIA

The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats

They are included amongst the top eight most important hot spots.

IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY

•Ecological value•Research value•Economic value

ECOLOGICAL VALUEWildlife maintains the balance of nature by transfer of energy in the food chain.

They maintain the oxygen cycle, water cycle and the nitrogen cycle in the atmosphere.

Trees prevent floods ,serve as habitat for animals and prevent soil erosion.

RESEARCH VALUEPlants and animals provide a lot of

scope for Discovering new products like drugs, medicines, beverages and new food products.

ECONOMIC VALUE

This encompasses direct harvesting of plants and animals for food,

medicine, fuel, raw materials like fibres, gum ,

resin, rubber, and skin.

THREAT TO BIODIVERSITYHabitat Destruction

Killing of animals for food

Presence of exotic species

Pollution

Extinction of most of the species from 1000AD to 2000AD are due to destruction of plants and animals habitats by man.

•Animals are killed for food.

•Today almost all marine turtles are endangered as they are killed for meat. Their shells are used to make sunglasses, comb and jewellery.

•Fishing also results in the decline of population of fish.

Pollution of air ,soil and water has endangered many species.Excessive use of chemicals like DDT has killed several birds like Pelicans.River dolphins of the Amazon, Ganga and other rivers are threatened by water pollution from chemicals..

Exotic animals and plants which do not belong to a place originally and are introduced from elsewhere.

HUNTINGHUNTING

Hunting of Tigers, Elephants, Rhinos, Bears and Whales are killed for skin, horn, tusk, fur, bone etc. has left these animals at the verge of extinction.

YOU EVEN CANNOT LIVE WITHOUT US

WWF is one of the international organization that aims at conservation of nature. It runs several programmes to spread awareness about the need to conserve biodiversity.

It prohibits the trade of products made from endangered wildlife.

FOREST RESERVES: Large areas of forest cover which are protected from human exploitation.

AIMS OF FOREST RESERVES:

Prevention of deforestation.

Replenishment of lost forest cover by afforestation.

Protection of food and shelter meant for wildlife.

•NATIONAL PARKS : 95•WILD LIFE SANCTURIES: 500

Wild Life Sanctuaries In India

A ZOOLOGICAL PARK REFERS TO ANY PARK, BUILDING, CAGE, ENCLOSURE, OR A PREMISE IN WHICH LIVE ANIMALS ARE KEPT FOR PUBLIC EXHIBITION.

National botanical garden (or Botanical gardens) have been established to conserve rare plants and threatened ones. These gardens are the zoos of the plant world. These serve as seed banks , and have reserves of seeds of several species of plants.

SOME SUCCESS STORIES..SOME SUCCESS STORIES..

Sunderlal Bahuguna is associated with Chipko Movement. It was started in Garhwal Himalayas where the people showed a great courage to protect trees. The women of the region hugged the trees and didn’t allow to cut them.

It was started by the government of India in 1947.

It was initiated to increase the forest cover

of the country.

Every year in the month of July(the monsoon period)saplings are planted in schools, colleges and other areas.

To save our national animal Tiger from extinction , a project was started in 1973 called ‘Project Tiger’ .

In this project, the places where the tigers were found were first identified and then ways and means were worked out for conserving them.

WE LOVE NATURE AND NATURE LOVE US

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