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A Presentation

on National Workshop on Standards and Testing of

Cook stoves in Nepal

Roshan PandeyResearcher

Centre for Energy Studies (CES), IOE

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Lab at CES

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CES Description• Fully funded by HMG/N (no donors involved) with a budget of

Rs. 60 Million ONLY for building and equipment• Total Land covered by Zero Energy House and Energy Park: 30

Ropanies• Building is three and half storey with total floor area 20,000sq.

ft• Fully designed by IOE engineers and architects• Site favorable with south side open and east side slopping with

head different of 12 meter.• CES office, Seminar Hall, Classrooms, research cubicles,

labs/workshops, 4 standard guest rooms

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Centre for Energy Studies

• Established by Government of Nepal in 2003 Working for the R & D

• Running two Faculty in Masters Master of Science in Renewable Energy

Engineering Master of Science in Energy System Planning and

Management

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CES Working Areas

• Field of research, Experts consultation and testing regarding

Renewable Energy Technologies Energy efficiencyEnergy planning and modeling for Energy policyClimate Change and EnergyDesign and Development in Energy sector

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CES involvement in Cooking Stove

Different two pots cooking stoves

The design of an Improved Cook Stove (ICS) involves the application of heat transfer, combustion and fluid flow principles in order to attain complete combustion of the fuel with a minimum amount of excess air, maximum transfer of heat from the flame and the flue gases to the cooking vessel, and a minimum loss of heat to the surroundings. The stove consists in principle of a combustion chamber, pot holder and baffle depending upon the type of stove and chimney.

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Schematic design of one pot cooking stove by CES as B.E project

The thermal efficiency obtained by sinking the pot into the combustion chamber observed at cold start was 22%, at hot start was 23% and at simmering was 20%.

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CES activities in Cook stoves

• We are having at least one project every year on stoves in B.E Mechanical

• At least one thesis in M.Sc. in Renewable Energy Engineering

• Now a days these types of research are also doing in PhD level from same department.

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CES activities in Cook stoves

• Recently, B.E students have designed the bio char stove and other groups studying on same bio char for fertilizer performance.

• Result yet to come !!!

Bio char stove

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Current Testing Practices andTesting Protocols Updates

Water Boiling Test version 3.0 (WBT)– Shell Foundation HEH Project Water Boiling Test

spread sheet have been using now a days other than simple excel sheet for maintaining accuracy in testing

– Similarly, lab calculated calorific value of solid fuel are used. Using CES bomb calorimeter setup.

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Stove Testing• A large number of variables were taken into account for a truly

comparable study in the laboratory as well as in the field to some extent. The tests designed here revealed qualitative and quantitative information about the improved stove performance as follows:

• the thermal efficiency or percentage heat utilized (PHU) for boiling certain amount of water

• the amount of fuel required to cook a given quantity of food• the range of power output• the case of operation• level of pollution• maintenance requirements• life time

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Methods used and applied

• Water Boiling Test version 3.0 (WBT)• We generally used this excel sheet hyperlinked

below

wbt_data-calculation_sheet_3.0.xls

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Methods used and applied

• Efficiency = {Sw Wm (Tf−Ti) + L We } / {(Efm Wf ∗ ∗ ∗)/(1+0.01*β)} −(29000 C)}× 100% ∗…………………….Equation (1)

• Where,• C- coal remaining• Efm -calorific value of wood• L - latent heat of water• Sw -specific heat of water• Tf - final temperature of water• Ti -initial temperature of water• We- weight of water evaporated• Wf- firewood used• Wm- weight of water taken• β – lower calorific value of fuel

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Equipments

• Equipment used for the Water Boiling Testa) Scale with a capacity of at least 6 kg an accuracy of ±1

gramb) Digital Thermometer, accurate to 1/10 of a degree,

with thermocouple probe suitable for immersion in liquids and Wood moisture meter (optional)

d) Timere) Wood fixture for holding thermocouple probe in waterf) At least 10 liters of clean water for each WBT (in

locations where water is scarce, this may be cooled and reused for later tests)

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Equipments

g) Heat resistant pad to protect scaleh) Small shovel/spatula to remove charcoal from

stovei) Tongs for handling charcoalj) Dust pan for transferring charcoalk) Metal tray to hold charcoal for weighingl) Heat resistant gloves

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Other equipments

• We do have lab for calculation of standard calorific value of solid fuel using bomb calorimeter and CES is devoting to give national standard calorific value of solid fuel like fuel wood, agro residue, coke, coal etc.

Bomb calorie meter

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Average energy contents of solid biomass

• Wood fuels- 17.0 MJ/Kg• Animal dung – 10.9 MJ/Kg• Agriculture waste – 12.6 MJ/Kg• Rick husk – 13.6 MJ/Kg• Charcoal- 28.4 MJ/Kg

(Source: Bio fuel Lab, CES/IOE/T.U., 2012)

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Issues related to lab and field testing

• This organization also have some problem regarding material (standard fuel) selection and harmonization in data calculation with other institute for output comparison and about researcher .

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CES Stove Testing Station

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TCS and ICS testing lab

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TCS and ICS testing lab

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Bio Ethanol testing lab

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Cont….

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Locally produced kerosene like bio-liquid

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Purified Khoto as local kerosene

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Resin based Stove

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Thank you ! ! !