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SEARCHING FOR INSPIRATIONUser Needs and Search Architecture in Europeana Collections - T. Hill, V. Charles, A. Isaac, J. Stiller
Netherlands, Public Domain1660 - 1625, Rijksmuseum
AnonymousArrival of a Portuguese ship
Europeana
• Aggregator of content across the Galleries, Libraries, Archives, and Museums (GLAM) sector
• Multinational (40+ countries)
• Multilingual (30+ languages)
• 53 million items … and counting
Who are we?
Searching for Inspiration: User Needs and Search ArchitectureCC BY-SA
User motivation: evidence from the logs• From the top-20 queries (2015)
• ‘pottery'
• ‘plate'
• ‘autumn'
• 'Paris'
• Extreme breadth perhaps characteristic of Cultural Heritage sites: 98% of Wellcome Collection searches are extremely broad
• ‘medicine’, ‘anatomy’, 'art'
Searching for Inspiration: User Needs and Search ArchitectureCC BY-SA
User motivation: evidence from user studies
• 54.1% of users say they ‘use [the site’s resources] as an inspiration for creativity'
• From the personas:
• to create a ‘mood board’
• looking for items ‘rich and full of stimulation’
• browsing for things that ‘jump out’ at them
Searching for Inspiration: User Needs and Search ArchitectureCC BY-SA
Netherlands, CC BY-SACircus MuseumAnonymousCirque de Moscou
• Serendipity search: retroactive realisation that the user “didn’t know what it was they needed to know"
- Russell-Rose and Tate (2015)
• Inspiration-oriented search: users start out fully aware that they “don't know what they need to know”
"Paris"
• Paris the city? Paris, son of Priam? Paris Bordone? Paris Hilton?
• maps of Paris?• images of Paris?• facts about Paris?
What is the user looking for?Standard Information Retrieval questions
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90
Searching for Inspiration: User Needs and Search ArchitectureCC BY-SA
A Parisian mood-board
Searching for Inspiration: User Needs and Search ArchitectureCC BY-SA
Exposition de 1889. Eiffel, ingénieur-constructeur | Jean-Paul Sartre: Eksistentialisme (Kulturarvsstyrelsen, CC BY) | Parfum exotique, poésie de Baudelaire | Berthe Morisot au bouquet de violettes (Musée D'Orsay, CC BY NC SA) | Terminus absinthe bienfaisante | La Revue Blanche (Bibliothèque municipale de Lyon) | Réfection de la peinture de la Tour Eiffel. All images from the Bibliothèque nationale de France and in the public domain unless otherwise marked.
Two-step process: finding ‘related items'
1. Retrieve the original item
2. Retrieve items related to this in some way
• Launch a second query
• Exploit user data for common associations (‘collaborative filtering’)
Searching for Inspiration: User Needs and Search ArchitectureCC BY-SA
Diversity of Possible Relations
Searching for Inspiration: User Needs and Search ArchitectureCC BY-SA
The Mona Lisa (Wikimedia Foundation, Public Domain) | Okänd kvinna kallad Lucrezia Borgia (Nationalmuseum, Sweden, CC BY) | 'Sabena' helicopter (Historish Centrum Limburg, CC BY SA)
Famous women of the Italian Renaissance
Creations of Leonardo da Vinci
Derivative Work
Inspirational search - unpredictable, but intelligible
Searching for Inspiration: User Needs and Search ArchitectureCC BY-SA
Reconceptualising retrieval
1. Paths are probably not ideally short
• Unclear what figure or range to design for
2. User convergence is probably low
• Information need varies
• Intelligibility varies
• Social reflexivity may be an intermediate- to long-term factor
How inspiration-oriented search is different
Searching for Inspiration: User Needs and Search ArchitectureCC BY-SA
Assisting inspiration1. Conventional SERP features
• Snippets• Highlighting• Previews
2. Additional possibilities• Hit-field labelling• Clustering
User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX) factors
Searching for Inspiration: User Needs and Search ArchitectureCC BY-SA
Similar items as derived and displayed in Europeana Collections. All images taken from the Nationalmuseum, Sweden and licensed as CC BY
Assisting inspiration
• Inherently and often intuitively relational• Relations (ideally) mirror real-world
relationships • navigation elucidates connections
• Supports ontological constructs• Exploitation of the graph is simple - but
population is difficult
Information / data architectureSemantic Graph
Searching for Inspiration: User Needs and Search ArchitectureCC BY-SA
Image taken from http://bit.ly/2dtpWlv; labelled for non-commercial re-use.
Further questions• Metrics: how do we measure intelligibility and
predictability?
• What parameter values should we explore?
• Link traversal distance: what range is sensible?
• Link typologies: what kinds of links are most helpful? To whom?
• Can we expect these answers to converge?
Searching for Inspiration: User Needs and Search ArchitectureCC BY-SA
De Chinese markt Manufacture Royale de Beauvais 1767, RijksmuseumNetherlands, Public Domain
@EuropeanaEUeuropeana.eu
#AllezCulture
21 October 2015