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1 Copyright © 2007 - 2015, Innolution, LLC. All Rights Reserved.
Agile Principles: The Foundation Underlying Successful
Agile Development March 25, 2015 by Ken Rubin
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Essential Scrum in Six Languages English French German
Chinese Japanese Polish
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3
Available on Safari Books Online
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US Airdrops and Cargo Staging
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Cargo Cult
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Cargo Cult Issues…
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Imitating actions alone produces desired results
Correlation implies causation
Process is more important than core principles
No need to know the foundational “why”
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Agile Principles Provide Context for Inspecting & Adapting
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People who apply Scrum without understanding its underlying principles lack the necessary context to understand why they are doing things and when and how best to inspect and adapt their approaches
8
Waterfall and Agile – Two Tools in the Toolbox
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9 Copyright © 2007 - 2015, Innolution, LLC. All Rights Reserved.
Traditional, Phased-based, Plan-driven Development (aka Waterfall)
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Agile Development – The Scrum Framework
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11
Development Isn’t Manufacturing
In manufacturing our goal is: Take a fixed set of requirements Follow a sequential set of well-understood steps Manufacture a finished product that is the same every time
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12
Agile is Iterative & Incremental
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Agile is an Empirical Process Model
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Comparison of Plan-Driven and Agile Processes
Dimension Plan-driven Agile Degree of process definition
Well-defined set of sequential steps
Complex process that would defy a complete up-front definition
Randomness of output
Little or no output variability
Expect variability because we are not trying to build the same thing over and over
Amount of feedback used
Little and late Frequent and early
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15
Uncertainty Management
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Means Uncertainty
Ends
Unc
erta
inty
High Low
Low
Defined Empirical
Means Uncertainty
Ends
Unc
erta
inty
High Low
Low
Waterfall Agile
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Fragile, Robust, Antifragile
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Fragile
Harmed by disorder
Robust
Resilient to disorder
Antifragile
Benefits from disorder
Agile Waterfall
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Asymmetric Payoffs Create Economic Value or Harm
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Positive asymmetric payoff (antifragile)
anything that has more upside than downside from random events
(variability)
Negative asymmetric payoff (fragile)
anything that has more downside than upside from random events
(variability)
Source: Taleb, Nassim, Antifragile: Things That Gain from Disorder, Random House, 2012.
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Getting Right Up-front
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19
Decision Making
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Make each decision in its proper phase
Make important decisions at the last responsible moment
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Exploration vs. Exploitation
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Knowledge acquisition Predicting
Exploration Exploitation always a tension between
requires involves
in the presence of
Uncertainty Uncertainty
in the presence of
increases
Level of certainty
does not increase
Adaptive processes
Predictive processes
heavily focus on early
interleave small-scale
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Balance between Predictive and Adaptive
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22
Managing Change Risk During a Traditional Development Project
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Managing Change Risk Using Scrum
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Leverage Multiple Concurrent Learning Loops
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Organize Flow of Work for Fast Feedback
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26
Large vs. Small Batch Sizes
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Large batches (100%)
All before any Small batches
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Benefits of Small Batch Sizes in Product Development
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Reduced cycle time
Reduced flow variability
Accelerated feedback
Lower risk of failure
Reduced overhead
Increased motivation & urgency
Reduced cost and schedule growth
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Poorly Managed Inventory Causes Economic Damage
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Recognize Inventory (WIP) and Manage it for Good Flow
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Manufacturing inventory is both physically and financially visible
Product-development inventory are knowledge assets that aren’t visible in the same way as physical parts
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Focus on Idle Work Not Idle Workers
Watch the Baton Not the Runners
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31
Waterfall is Conformance to Plan
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Agile is Replanning and Adapting
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Progress
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Moving through phases or stages
Validated, working assets
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Summary: Principles are the Foundational Why
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35
Visual AGILExicon®
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36
www.essentialscrum.com
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37 Copyright © 2007 - 2015, Innolution, LLC. All Rights Reserved.
Contact Info for Ken Rubin
Email: [email protected] Website: www.innolution.com Phone: (303) 827-3333 LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/kennethrubin Twitter: www.twitter.com/krubinagile Facebook: www.facebook.com/InnolutionLLC Google+ plus.google.com/+KennyRubin1/ Essential Scrum: A Practical Guide to the Most Popular Agile Process
www.essentialscrum.com