Online Ethnography:Penggunaan Facebook pada Multi-Sited Fieldwork dalam

Penelitian Masyarakat Menyebar (Diaspora) Jawa-Suriname

di Belanda

Den Haag, 29 Agustus 2015

Fuji Riang Prastowo (Yogyakarta, Indonesia) Anthropology and Development Studies

Radboud University Nijmegen

Lalu Apa Istimewanya Facebook dalam Penelitian Antropologi (Sosial Lainnya)?

• Social Media = Resonansi Interaksi dan Perilaku Manusia Abad Ini

(‘the second life: human behavior and technology lihat Bernal (2010), Bouvier (2012), Farquhar (2012), Jones (2002), Peachey and Mark (2011), Sherman (2011), Turkle (2011))

• Etnografi Jawa-Suriname di Belanda = PERISTIWA FACEBOOK

• Jagading Facebook JowoGlobal Village dan The “Click Traveling” to Homeland

DIALEKTIKA Facebook = Penelitian Lapangan/ Lapangan Penelitian

Multi-Sited Fieldwork• Snow Ball dan –emic term

Godhong Garing (dry leaf) • “The crossroad intersection’• Siapa Lebih Jawa ? : “a clashing

diasporic imagination’ (Fuji Prastowo, 2015)

Online Ethnography

Intersection: Jembatan Dunia Nyata dan Dunia Maya The cyber ethnography (Muir(2004), Farquhar (2012))

the second life "alone together' (Turkle, 2005)

Intersection : Liminal State (Sherman, 2011)

Empiris: Masyarakat Menyebar (Diaspora)Jawa-Suriname di Belanda • Estafet Antropolog Indonesia setelah (42 Tahun Kosong) : J. Ismael (1943) Parsudi Suparlan (1973) • Klasifikasi Diaspora Jawa di Belanda (Fuji Prastowo, 2015)

1. Indische-Javanese Diaspora 2. Indonesian-Javanese Diaspora 3. Suriname-Javanese Diaspora

• Rentang tahun 1890-1939 ada 31.499 Orang Jawa pergi ke Dutch West Indies (Suriname) untuk bekerja di perkebunan Tebu, tambang, dan sebagainya (Allen (2013), Aaonghas (2001), Blakely (1998), Pasurdi (1995). Beberapa orang juga dilaporkan sebagai korban perdagangan dan penculikan manusia (Parsudi, 1995). Sensus penduduk Suriname tahun 2004, tercatat ada 71.879 keturunan Jawa di Suriname (Hartoyo, 2010).

• Sejarah berlanjut, pada tahun 1975-1980-an, sekitar 200.000-300.000 orang Suriname (sekitar 35.000) orang Jawa eksodus dari Suriname ke Belanda untuk mempertahankan status warga Belanda (Chickrie, 2011, Gowricharn, 2004)

• Sehingga berkembang pesat komunitas Jawa-Suriname di Belanda hingga sekarang.

Diaspora: The Home-Making Community (Basu, 2007; Clifford, 1994; Cohen, 2008; Falzon, 2003 Knott, 2010; Levy and Weingrod, 2005; Morawska, 2011; Rozen, 2008; Sheffer, 2010; Tölölyan, 2007).

4 Modus Multi-Sited Fieldwork pada Online-Ethnography (Fuji Prastowo, 2015)

(1) From online to offline and vice versa

(2) Going Inside on Virtual Space

• Ciri Pembeda Etnograf pengguna Facebook pada Multi-Sited Fieldwork : Partisipasi Aktif.

• Dua Prinsip Utama : 1. TERLIHAT 2. TERLIBAT

• Aplikasi Antropologi: NGUMPULKE BALUNG PISAH

THE NOTION OF SERENDPITY (Sunier dan Verkaaik, 2005)

Ngumpulke Balung Pisah Mbah Atmowerdojo (1930-2015)

Menunaikan Wasiat Alm. Soemardjan Atmowerdojo “Ngumpulke Balung Pisah” lewat keturunannya generasi

ke-3 dan ke-4 di BelandaAxel-Terneuzen Zeeland, Lelystad, Almere (2-7Agustus, 2015)

 3. Following People

4. Following Issues and Metaphors

Penutup

• On Facebook, We Face(d) Java : Facebook mendekatkan Diaspora pada ‘rumahnya’. • Facebook : Resonansi Perilaku Manusia • Facebook : Mediasi Etnografi • Limitasi : Artifisial dan Banalitas • Saran : Keseimbangan Titik Temu dunia

nyata dan dunia maya.

Pitutur Pamungkas

Urip Kaya Ilining Banyu, Angeli tur ora Keli. Aja Mandheg Sakdurunge Nelesi, Aja Ngrusak sing Dilewati. Ki Kadang Ludiro

Ngumpulke Balung Pisah : Etnografi dan Visual Anthropology Jawa Sak-Ndunyo (PR: Kokos Pasifik, Ceylon, Afrika Selatan, Madagaskar).

fujiriang@gmail.com

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