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Learn about the different schemes to ensure wood is derived from an appropriate source and where our wood comes from. The key forest management certification schemes, Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and those endorsed by Programme for Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC), such as the Australian Forestry Certification Scheme (AFCS) and the associated chain-of-custody, are explained. Where wood and other wood products come from will be discussed as will how to reduce the risk of purchasing wood products that may be from illegally logged sources.
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Wood as a Resource
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Learn more about wood at UTAS
Centre for Sustainable Architecture with WoodGraduate Certificate in Timber (Processing & Building)• 4 units, part time, onlineAreas covered include:• Wood science• Design for durability and service for life• Timber as a renewable resource• Sustainable design and construction• Engineered wood products• International technologies and developments• Plus, selected topics of individual interestMore information: Associate Professor Greg Nolan (03) 6324 4478 or [email protected]
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Learning Objectives
After this presentation you should know:– Where our wood comes from– That different schemes are in place to ensure
wood is derived from an appropriate source– How to reduce the risk of purchasing wood
products that may be from illegally logged sources
For architects - AACA Competencies:– Design– Documentation
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• Where our wood products come from– Australia – Imports
• Forest management (FM) schemes to ensure wood is derived from appropriate source: – Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)– Programme for Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC)– Associated chain-of-custody (CoC)
• How to reduce the risk of purchasing wood products that may be from illegally logged sources.
This Presentation
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Where our timber comes from
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Source of Timber & Wood Products
Broadleaved (hardwood)
Coniferous (softwood)
Veneer Plywood Particleboard MDF0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
'000
cub
ic m
etre
s
Australian production of sawnwood and wood-based panels 2008/09
Source: ABARE 2010
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Source of Timber & Wood Products
Sawnwood 08/09 Plywood 09/10 Particleboard 09/10 MDF 09/100
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Australian consumption of sawnwood and wood-based panels
Imports
Australian Produc-tion
'000
cub
ic m
etre
s
Source: ABARE 2010
Recycled sawnwood
~60,000 m3 pa
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Source of Sawnwood
Australian Production
87.4%
Austria0.9%
Canada1.5%
Chile0.6%
Czech Republic1.1%
Estonia 0.4%
Germany 0.7%
Indonesia0.4% Malaysia
0.8% New Zealand4.7%
United States0.3%
Sawnwood by country of origin 2008/09
Source: ABARE 2010
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Source of Particleboard and MDF
Australian Production
93.5%
Germany 3.3%
New Zealand1.3%
Other1.9%
Australian Production
86.3%
Malaysia1.7%
New Zealand5.1%
Other7.0%
Particleboard by country of origin 2009/10
MDF by country of origin 2009/10
Source: ABARE 2010
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Source of Plywood
Source: ABARE 2010
Australian Production30%
Chile11%
China12%
Indonesia10%
Malaysia12%
New Zealand16%
Other9%
Plywood by country of origin 2009/10
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Other Wood Products
Source: ABARE 2010
Mouldings 09/10 Wooden furniture 09/10 Prefabricated buildings 09/10 Builders carpentry 09/100
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
Value of imports of secondary wood products 2009-2010
Valu
e $'
000
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Wooden Furniture
China59%
India 1%
Indonesia4%
Italy4%
Malaysia12%
New Zealand1%
Poland1%
Thailand 2%
Vietnam7% Other
8%
Country of origin of wooden furniture imports(by value) – 2009/10
Source: ABARE 2010
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• Forests provide many environmental and social services – water quality and soil protection– beauty and scenery– conservation of biodiversity – sequestration of CO2
– cultural and community
Forest Management Certification
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• Forest certification:– Verifies that a forest is managed and harvested to
the social and environmental standards of stakeholders
– Recognises good practices
Forest Certification Schemes
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• Two main systems:– PEFC - Programme for
Endorsement of Forest Certification
– FSC - Forest Stewardship Council
Forest Certification
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• PEFC:Endorses 30 national schemes around the world including:
• Australian Forestry Standard (AFS) • Canada / US (PEFC Canada and SFI)• Austria, Czech Republic, Estonia• Brazil, Chile• Malaysia
Forest Certification
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• PEFC in Australia:– >90% all Australia’s native
hardwood production forests and plantations are certified against Australian Forestry Standard
Forest Certification
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• FSC:– > 50 national standards– Radiata Pine available from
certified plantations New Zealand– Eucalyptus available from FSC
certified plantations in Brazil
Forest Certification
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• FSC in Australia:– Uses an interim national standard– Some pine forests certified in Victoria (Hancocks)– Most FSC certified forests are for pulp/paper– Very small production of native hardwoods in
NSW (~200 cubic metres pa)
Forest Certification
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• Certification can tell us that:– Forest products are legally sourced– Forest management meets economic,
environmental and social values of stakeholders
• What it doesn’t tell us:– Wood quality, characteristics or fitness for
purpose
Forest Certification
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• A significant problem in some countries
• Australian Government is funding work to improve forest governance and management at source
• New regulations in USA and EU to address
Illegal Logging
Source: WWF AFTN
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• Very low likelihood of illegally logged wood products from forests or plantations in:– Australia– USA / Canada– Western Europe
Illegal Logging
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• Ask for copy of company policy• Ask where wood was harvested• If “high risk” ask for additional proof, e.g.
– Certification– Other documentation
Illegal Logging: Reducing risk
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Likelihood at country / region level
HIGH RISK
low high
Lik
eli
ho
od
at
su
pp
ly c
ha
in
leve
l
hig
hlo
w
Illegal Logging: Risk matrix
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Illegal Logging: Country / region risk
• Country risk– Using Transparency International Corruption
Perception Index – www.transparency.org – FSC guidance >5.0 low risk
• Region risk:– Use Associations (ATIF/A3P) or WWF GFTN
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Illegal LoggingTransparency International – Corruption Perception Index 2010
Source: www.transparency.org
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• Supply chain risk:– Import source country is not necessarily the
country of harvest• e.g. China, Singapore, Italy
– Some wood products have very complex supply chains
• e.g. Furniture
Illegal Logging: Supply chain risk
China
Forests
Sawmills
Australia
Forests
Sawmills
Australia
Forests
Plywood Mill
Malaysia
Forests
Plywood Mill
Malaysia
Forests
Sawmills
Indonesia
Forests
Sawmills
Indonesia
Forests
Sawmills
US
Forests
Sawmills
US
Forests
MDF
New Zealand
Forests
MDF
New Zealand
Merchant
Importers / Wholesalers
Australia
Merchant Merchant Merchant Merchant
Importers / Wholesalers
Other Countries
Exp. Customs /
Bioseq.
Exp. Customs /
Bioseq.
Aust. Customs / AQIS
Aust. Customs / AQIS
Exp. Customs /
Bioseq.
Imp. Customs / Bioseq.
Exp. Customs /
Bioseq.
Exp. Customs /
Bioseq.
Imp. Customs / Bioseq.
Imp. Customs / Bioseq.
Eg., Flooring / Door / Furniture Manufacturer
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• High risk wood products can come from low risk country– e.g. Tropical wood veneer from Belgium
• Low risk wood products can come from high risk country– e.g. Eucalyptus from Brazil
Illegal Logging
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
• Very low risk for majority of wood products purchased in Australia
• If concerned:– Assess and manage risk– Purchase from reputable sources– Certified/3rd party verified product may be
warranted from high risk supply
Illegal Logging: Summary
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
More Information
Forest certification:– www.forestrystandard.org.au– www.pefc.org– www.fsc.org
Illegal logging:– www.illegal-logging.info – www.illegallogging.com.au
WoodSolutions– www.woodsolutions.com.au
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
Learn more about wood at UTAS
Centre for Sustainable Architecture with WoodGraduate Certificate in Timber (Processing & Building)• 4 units, part time, onlineAreas covered include:• Wood science• Design for durability and service for life• Timber as a renewable resource• Sustainable design and construction• Engineered wood products• International technologies and developments• Plus, selected topics of individual interestMore information: Associate Professor Greg Nolan (03) 6324 4478 or [email protected]
Wood as a Resource ©FWPA 2011
More Information
