Space and beyond the galaxy

By: Blessed

Solar System ★Around 140 A.D., Claudius

Ptolemy made a theory that the earth was in the middle of the solar system. This was called the Geocentric model of the Solar System.

Heliocentric Model Nicolas Copernicus proposed that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the Solar System in 1543. This model is a called a heliocentric system.

Heliocentric ModelWhen Copernicus proposed that the sun was in the middle of the solar system and planets orbit the sun. His model was not accepted until an astronomer named Galileo made a stunning discovery using his own telescope that he had made using another version. He saw that 4 moons orbited Jupiter. This discovery led to the disapproving the Geocentric model because it had said that everything orbited the earth. Galileo was sentenced for life in prison in jail then later on to house imprisoned because he believed in Copernicus’s model then he died still writing books.

Light

Light Travels in a straight line however when it meets an object it bounces off. There are two types of objects they could be: Luminous object which are sources of light e.g sun, moon and non luminous object have to reflect light coming from the luminous object e.g. moon to enable you to see it.When you are splitting light you use a glass prism and and a luminous object. You can see that when you just place it randomly the colour doesn't show. Then you need to move your luminous object to avery angle to you get the rainbow colour in order

How modern Telescope helped in understanding the universe?

The modern telescopes have contributed in understanding of the universe because there are different models of telescopes going into space each one does or detects a specific something e.g. the chandra which detects x-ray waves and uses the electromagnetic spectrum to see in space, it was launched on the 23rd of July 1999, nine year after Hubble was launched……………………………………………You can do this as a Task

How stars are born?Stars form when clouds of gases(nebula) are pulled together by gravitational forces.These forces cause the gases to be compressed, as a result there is a very large increase in temperature.This temperature increase sets off nuclear reactions which fuse hydrogen atoms together .

★Smaller concentration of dust and gases may form some distance from the developing star: These may eventually become planets and their moons.

Models of the UniverseThere are two theories of the Universe:

The Steady State➔ The universe always

existed➔ The universe is expanding➔ New galaxies or nebula

forms to fill in the gaps, so it always looks the same

➔ Red shift shows galaxies moving apart from each other.

The Big Bang Theory➔ The universe started 14.5 billion

years ago.➔ It started as a very hot dense

point and exploded out.➔ All the galaxies are moving

away and no new galaxies a filling in the gaps.

➔ Red shift shows galaxies moving apart from each other.

Big Bang TheoryIf the universe is expanding then if we went back in time it would be smaller. In fact 14.5 billion years ago it would be a single point. the big band theory states that the universe started as a single point which exploded out and is still expanding. Scientist at this point needed more evidence to support their theory.

Scientists predicted that if the big bang theory was correct then the who universe should have an afterglow (at around 2.7k) which shows microwaves. When they looked they found out that this afterglow as exactly as predicted. This is more evidence which approved the big bang theory.

This was known as Cosmic Microwave background radiation(CMB)