“Anxiety is love's greatest killer. It makes others feel as you might when a drowning man holds on

to you. You want to save him, but you know he will strangle you

with his panic.” ― Anaïs Nin

DETERMINATION OF THE ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN THE

LEAVES OF ALUGBATI(Basella alba Linn.)

Presented by:

Renz Aldaine Engada

Outlineo Introduction

• Objectives of the Study

• Significance of the Study

• Scope and limitations of the Study

• Hypotheseso Methodologyo Budgetary Requirementso Timetable

Introduction

o Anxiety is a feeling of apprehension, uncertainty or tension stemming from the anticipation of imaginary or unreal threat

o Alugbati (Basella alba Linn.), a heat-loving, perennial plant which is very high vitamins A and C, and in calcium and iron.

o This study is an endeavor to seek a new knowledge about the anxiolytic prowess of the plant.

Objectives

o Obtain Basella alba Linn. leaf extracts.o Screen extracts for secondary metabolites.o Determine the anxiolytic activity of

Alugbati.o Compare the anxiolytic activity of

Alugbati in mice with the typically used anxiety drug Diazepam.

Significance of the Study

o To alleviate/ assuage the pressing concerns about anxiety problems.

o To generate new information for further research.

Scope and Limitations

o The anxiolytic activity of Alugbati (Basella alba Linn.) will be tested only to Albino Swiss mice.

o In the leaf extraction of Alugbati (Basella alba Linn.), the solvent hydroethanol (50:50) shall be used.

o Limited only to the equipments and facilities available at the Chem Lab.

Hypothesis

o H1: There is a/no significant difference in the anxiolytic activity of the leaf extracts of Alugbati in the anxiety levels of Albino Swiss mice.

o H2: There is a/no significant difference in the anxiolytic activity of the leaf extracts of Alugbati against the anxiety drug diazepam.

Phytochemicals

o Alkaloidso Anthraquinoneo Flavonoidso Glycosideso Saponinso Steroidso Terpenoids

Anxiolytic Activity Tests

Hole Board Testo Used to explore and determine

pharmacological and genetic influences.o A rodent model test for measuring head-

dipping activity in experimental animals. Changes in head-dipping activity have been considered to be related to anxiety.

Figure 2. The Hole Board Test Apparatus

Open Field Testo Test to investigate anxiety-related and

exploratory behavior of rodents.o The amount of time spent close to the wall

(an anxiety-like response referred to as thigmotaxis) versus the amount of time spent in, and frequencies of visits to, the inner zone are measured.

Figure 3A. Open Field Test Apparatus with measured lines.

Figure 3B. Open Field Test Apparatus with no lines.

Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) Testo The most widely used test to measure fear

or anxiety.o Fear/anxiety associated behavior is

determined by counting the number of times the animal enters or stays in open or closed arms as well as the time the animal spends in each arm.

Figure 4. The Elevated Plus Maze Set-up

Light/ Dark Exploration Testo Based on the natural tendency of rodents to

prefer dark enclosed environments as well as their innate tendency to explore a new environment.

o Anxiety-related test useful to determine limbic system damage and is also a used to test the effectiveness of anxiolitic drugs.

Figure 5. The Light/Dark Exploration Test Apparatus

Methodology

Location and Durationo Where: Chemistry Laboratory, College of

Arts and Sciences Buildingo When: December 2014 to February 2015o Leaves’ Source: Musuan, Maramag,

Bukidnon

Anxiolytic Activity Tests

Animals to be Used

The male Albino Swiss Mice

Treatment RegimensGroups Treatment

Group 1 Saline-treated (controls)

Group 2 Standard drug for anxiety patients Diazepam (positive control)

Group 3 25mg/kg Basella alba L. hydroethanolic extract

Group 4 50mg/kg Basella alba L. hydroethanolic extract

Group 5 100 mg/kg Basella alba L. hydroethanolic extract

Budgetary RequirementsDescription Corresponding Value (Php)

Reagents/Chemicals/ Apparatus

7,000.00

Manuscript Reproduction 3,000.00

Transportation 2,000.00

Male Albino Swiss Mice 4,000.00

Miscellaneous 2,000.00

Contingency 4,500.00

Total 22,500.00

Timetable for Research

June July Aug. Sept.

Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar.

Submission of thesis proposal

X

Thesis proposal defense X

Purchase of chemicals X

Preparation and Sampling

X X X X

Interpretation of results X X

Preparation of write- up X X X

Thesis defense X

Reproduction and binding of manuscript

X

-End-